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501
[The Seventy two Kalas
if their deeds are good and experience the suffering of hell if their deeds are bad. The simple and main object of this art was to pursue one's way to do his duty being unaffected with the considerations of defeat or victory and to raise one's life by learning something from every activity of this world.
(32) VYAPARA ( Trade and Commerce ):--The main object of this art was to buy and sell things on a large scale. What are trade, commerce, and business ? Who is a businessman ? What is the difference between a merchant and a dealer ? How far truthfulness and honesty are necessary for a trader ? What are the chief means of increasing wealth? How is it that one man becomes poor and another rich by doing the same business or trade ? How far credit is useful for any trade? How for is it necessary and useful to know the geography of the land in order to develop one's trade ? Where and why can a certain trade be carried on smoothly? Where are the mills and factories established ? How can the living, mineral and vegetable things be turned into commodities of trade ? How far are the coins helpful for trade ? What are the principles of exchange ? How far is it necessary for a trader to be serious and to know many languages ? How far is mathematics useful for trade? How far is trade successful in removing the discord from the world by satisfying its wants and in spreading peace and happiness by creating a feeling of unity in turn ? Such were the subjects which were taught to the people by means of this art; and the more proficient a man was in this art the more he was honoured and loved by the public.
(33) “RAJA-SEVA” The King's service:-People were taught how to serve the king by means of this art. Beside
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