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100
occupy ä dominant
Among all the atonements, the sixth sccms to position.
It commands those which follow, since a distinction is inade between the religious "who is engaged in performing the penance". (vaflanta) and the religious who has come out of it" and who has fallen under a hcavier penance (supra). It is this atoncmcnt, it scams, which is inflicted at first, and rarely the seventh or cighth. It is increased in the case of a new transgression. When he relapses, the qualificd” monk (vikovida) is submitted to the seventh, which seems morcover to be calculated in relation to the first infra 198). In all respects, the commentators' thus present the partial "suppression" of religious scniority as bcing closely linked to the sixth atonement. In doing this, they are very probably conforming to an ancient practice; for the two are associated in the ancient canonical formula se s'antara chee vä pariliarc va, where the order of words 'follows" rhythmic laws, in any case (cf. infra 198).
On coming out of the cheya, thc religious risks tlic sradical” cancellation of his religious scniority (müla). It will be remembered that this atonement is occasionally substituted for the sixth and seventh, and it is the severest imposed on the monk living in the midst of his company.
However, those who are not concerned with the company”, yho live apart (the jiņakappiya, parihariya, ahalandıya), arc then liable to demotion and exclusion. For two of them, the jiņakappiya and the ahalandiya, whose isolation is lasting, this can casily be understood. But the isolation of the parihariya, and consequently his status of niravekkha, more or less ccase with his penance. Nevertheless this provision does not annu
coding rule. It will be noted that passing from the sixth atonement to, a triple cheya, and to a triple müla, then to a triple demotion and to a single exclusion is more theorctical than real; it was indeed necessary to establish a theoretical scale, but the sentence must afterwards be adapted, taking into
account a particular situation probably cyen more complex than those p. 119 described in the commentaries ! So as to act completely in accordance with
justice, they began by establishing the principles on which are based the many calculations which lead to the fixing or the nct amount of the penance finally prescribed (comparc infra 175).
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In certain respects, the sixth sccins to be the atonement par, cxcellence. . We have just seen that, without it, the seventh and cighth hardly cxisted and morcover that the ninth and tenth which are not imposed
