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He specifies publicly the arrangements that must be made (sthapanīyam sthapayitvā, ibid 26 a 1). Finally, the commentaries indicate what "services"
the penitent will receive from his tutor and helper vaiyāvrtyam karaniyam, : ibid 2). This summary is then explained in great detail.
If there is call for it, one begins by checking whether the oftender is • adapted to being "isolated". The teacher therefore asks him who he is. P. 182 how old he is, what bis instruction has been, how he accepts alms, what
fasts he is capable of, and if he can bear a severe one :
ko, bhante, pariyao, sutt'atthâbhiggaho tayo-kammam kakkhada-m-akakkhade vā...(Vav Bh 1, 350=Nis Bh 6 584)
Only the monk who, on all these counts, satisfies all requirements can undertake this penance (...guna-samüha-yuktasya parihāra-tapo diyale). For others, the commentaries advise the suddha parihāra (T III 28 b).
Before the parihāra is announced, the penitent recollects himself in public (kāyotsargah kriyate, ibid 29 b 4, Bh 360 a). Like the guru, he is facing East or North or is opposite the: superior (carantı dik, supra 150) or the shrines (caitya) and he stands to the left of the teacher or slightly behind him (T III 29 b 4 f.).
Both then pronounce the following formula : I am addicting myself to kaussagga because I want to begin the penance of parihara. In faith, wisdom. steadfastness and preservance which accompany indifference to the attacks <of the outside world , I strip my body by remaining motionless and my Self by remaining silent and meditating:" parihāsa tava-pavajjāran'attha karemi kāussaggam niruvasagga-valtiyāe saddhāe mehãe dhire dharanāe java yosirāmi(29 6 5 f.). The purpose of the käussagga is double; on the one hand to warn the religious of the company; viussaggo jānan'attha (that is to say sādhūnām parijñānärtham. Bh 1, 360 a), and thus to inspire in thema salutary fear which will dissuade them from sin; on the other hand to defend oneself against the provocations of the outside world, and to assure the complete success of the penance (parihāra-tapaḥ samāptim yayad iti, T III 30 a 6);
niruvassagga-nimittam bhaya-janan 'atthāě sesagānam ca (Bh 1, 361 as Nis Bh 6 593 a).
When these preliminary rites are over, a check is made that the astrological conditions are auspicious for both penitent and superior, and the parihāra commences (Bh 1, 361 b).
According to the commentaries, the teacher then says to the religious who is ready to perform his penance: “For you, I stand within the rule: and this adept is your second": 1. jāva : the complete formula would doubtless give : kāyam thānenam, monenam
jhaneniam appaņām cf. supra 167).
