________________
165
:
108 was normally surrounded by many precautions. The regulations Con.
cerning thc parihāra show that food could pass as being, in the eyes of the Jainas, charged with more active power than speech,?
As for the scope of the sixth prayascista, one of the measures laid down by the Nisiha-sutla, helps us to form an idea of it. The su, 2, 40-42 deal with the parihäriya who has irregular relations with a bhikkhu. They provide that he must make atoncment in the following cases : if he is in the company of a pure monk 1) when he enters or leaves a dwelling to receive an alıns, 2 when he goes to the places of study or to relieve himself, or when he leaves them', 3) when he goes from village to village (cf. Ayar 2, 1, 1, 7-9) in these three suuttas the transgressions of the isolated' monk are mentioned at the sainc time as those of the blikkim who committed exactly the same faults in the company or a religious of another sect, or of a Jay person. The transgressions of the pariliūriya and those of the bhikkini are represented as being on the same planc: the parihariya must then, in a certain way, be purer than the pure. In this repect, as in scveral others, his penance imitates those of Mabävira, and tends towards the ideal penance (supra 119).
:
The total segregation to which the isolated monk was theoretically condemned was considered one of the severest tests. It is the one which the weak arc spared; for them thc parihāra is commuted to the müla, or
into that rather scholastic atonement that the commentaries call suddhap. 189 parihāra (yasmäl suddhata pasi dašapy alapan'adini padāni santi tena
käranena tat tapah karkasam na bhavati, Vat T III 33 b 8).
As they assist at the preliminary kaussagga, the religious think : “He has comunitted this fault. The dreadful penance of “isolation" is going to be imposed on him. This sin must not be committed. It must be avoided with all one's strength", asmai mala-ghoram parihära-tapo dasyate... (ibid 30 a 7).
For his part, tbe penitent--thinking of the impending ordeal can casily sink into a fit of depression : 1. Inde classique S 1204; Om PRAKASH, Food and Drinks in Ancient India, p. XXIII .
and the passages devoted to this subject in cach chapter; DUBOIS, Inde I, 258 ff.;
compare I, 43 f. 2. With regard to silence, sce A, MINARD, Trois Enigmes, II, 61 a, ubi alia. 3. vihāra-bhūmim va viyāra-bhūmim vā nikkhamai vā pavisai rā (2, 11). The Nis cumni.
gives : sannā-vosiranam viyāra-bliimi, asujjhãe sajjhaya-bhūmī jă să vihārabhūmi (2, p. 120). Compare K 1, 40-42, etc.
The commentary of Pajjosavaņā (reported by Jacobi, Kalpa p. 124) says : vihāra. .... blūmi's caitya-gamaram vicāra-bhūmih sarira-cintady-artham gamanam. Jacobi translates ;
for easing nature (SBE 22, 306).
Ported
mi se
BE 22
