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nounced by the ganāvaccheiya, taking into account the behaviour of the penitents and the wishes of their company. The only difference, apparently, concerns the time when the one and the other carry out the tava (fast ?): the demoted monk performs it after he is re-ordained, and the excluded monk before (Ctt, ad K 4, 2-3; Than). Moreover, the status of the two men seems almost identical, and is clearly defined in the commentaries in the Vay 2, 18-23, which occasionally treat the two together (T IV 52 am 58 a).
The Digambaras by and large cause the same faults to be expiated by atonements whose basic provisions recall those which we will see prescribed by the Svetāmbaras.
The "demoted monk” (aņavafthappa) is temporarily but completely cut off from the "circle” where, it will be recalled, the religious study the texts and their interpretation and normally take their meals in common (mandalya vyavacchinna anavasthapya..., ibid IV 26 a 9). More generally he is, like the s'excluded monk” (pārañciya), expelled from the area where... the community to which he belongs is established (yāvad anavasthāpyam pārāñcitam vā vahati tävad bahiḥ kşetrād avalişthate, ibid 53 b 4 f.). This provision seems most important : in the same way as does his guilt, it makes the penitent not a "real" ascetic, but only a "sham ascetic" (samyatarūpin, ibid 55 b 1). This is what one of them explains to the king whom he tries to compel to listen to him (cf. infra) : yathā śramaņā bhaga. vanto niraticārā na tathā 'ham teşām> śramaņānām pratirūpī na tu sāksāt
śramana iti... visodhim karomi, tām ca kurvan nirvyūdho 'smi nişkäsito 'smi tata .ástam anyat kşetre'pi yalīnām aham sthātum na labhe, tataḥ śramana-pratirūpyam (ibid IV 56 a 1 ff.; cf. Bh 2, 249.f.) : "I am not innocent like the blessed samaņas... I am purifying myself, and during this time, I am exiled In addition, I have no right to install myself in the area where the religious are gathered. Consequently I am a sham ascetic".
In addition, the "excluded monk”, says Thaạ , has had to take off · his religious parapheranalia (a pahặta-ling’ādika, 300 6). Neither he nor the
demoted monk" are, however, regarded as simple laymen. They undergo - 207 severe mortifications during the whole period of their expulsion. In particular
they observe, while seeking food, restrictions and constraints similar to those which a jinakappiya would impose upon himself (bahis câyatisthamānaḥ sa jinakal pika iva bhikṣācaryām alepa-krd-bhaktadigrahan'atmikām karoti, Ţ IV 53 6 6). At the end of the period of banishment, they present themselves to the teacher as faithful laymen (sa ca bahir yāvat tişthati tavan na grhasthaḥ kriyate kim to ūgataḥ karişyale, ibid 5).
