________________
124
on is
liar by his anxiety, the honest religious by the precision and clarity of his articulation, by his serenity and by the coherence of his discourse (T II 45 a 7 ff.); civil magistrates also make use of this procedure (supra 91).
After this review of the general conditions of confession, the three types recognised by the Vav Bh Ţ (supra 138) remain to be examined. The explanations which they provide do not entirely dissipate all the obscurities,
Several times, Malayagiri justifies the account which he gives of the rules of confession by referring to a tradition, an ancient teaching (cf. věddha-sampradāya, that is, the Nisiha-cuņņi Ţ Il 17 a 6).
Theoretically, each of the three confessions can be made "en bloc”
(all together) or "in detail” (point by point) (cf. Deo, History 310, quoting p. 144 Ohanijjutti 519). This is what is specified - apart, for the first (oha-vibhāge
iti...oghena vibhāgena ca, oghaḥ sāmānyam, vibhāgo vistarah Vav Ţ II 17 b; cf. Bh 1, 52), and jointly, for the two others :
ohe ya paya-vibhāge ya, ilvasambaya'varāhe... (pratyekam dvidhä...oghena pada-vibhāgena ca, Bh 1, 62).
In effect confession “en bloc" seems hardly to be permitted except in the confession of the religious life (vihar'al.), and only when the penance deserved does not exceed 25 days (ibid 1, 52 a). Beyond that, it is tolerated only in unavoidable circumstances (ibid b; cf. infra 146).
The same rules apply to the confession uvasampayâl. if it is made by a religious who asks to be received back among his fellows, for the con. fession then constitutes only a particular case of the preceding form (samanojño dvika-nimittam upasampadyamana alocanām vihār'ālocanan iva oghena dadati pada-vibhāgena ca Ţ II 21 a 4 f.). But when this confession of the second type is made by a religious who is a stranger to the com. pany, it is normally made in detail. Confessions of the third type are in general also detailed, (avarah’al.). They are global only in an emergency (tasyanyasyâsamanojñasya vā alocana utsargato vibhagatah... tata eva kärane oghen'alocanêti, ibid 21 a 9 f.; aparādh'alocanāyām apy utsargata eya vibhāgena datavya. apavāda-kārane punaḥ...oghenâpiti, ibid 11 f.).
Definite examples of global confession are scarce. The commentaries mention it, at the same time as detailed confession, in the case of faults
against the rules of precedence committed during the ceremony itself (T : III 45 a 12 f). For the person who confesses in detail, there exist, then. .. 81 possible varieties of transgression. For those who confess en bloc,
there are 9 varieties. It seems that, in the last case, the atonement of the
.
