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: 153 The accumulative” parihāra expiates sèvëřál trànsgressions. The total duration is the result of two operations which it is moreover useless to break down if the offender is an adept" (gitārtha); or a "competentos (vikovida) monk, or even if, though "immature", he correctly assimilates what is told to him (pariņāmaka) : he then entertains 'no doubt as to the justifiability and efficacy of the parihāra, suggested (T II 58 6 – 59 a; cf. supra 48-49).
The first operation consists in putting off", "postponing" till later
the penance incurred. The months and days of the atonement are matched . . to the faults committed and whatever is reducible is put to one side : .: jāvanto māsā divasā vā pratisevitas tāyantaḥ sarve ekatra sthapyante, sthapa. - yitva cayat samkse pârham vimsik'adikam pratisevitam tat sthapyate, esā :..... sthapana, This first operation, called thavaņā (sic) sthapana, amounts to a
deferment (cf. infra 1.77).
The second operation, called aróvaņā, āro panā "addition", is defined thus : "Other months incurred afterwards must also be taken into account. 'This is why one takes (in proportion to the fault) the days, whether their number is even or odd (5, 10, 15...) below one month, and adds them all together : that is the addition. This operation must be continued until
one reaches - with the "deferment", a total of six months and no more'i p. 176. It is these two operations (sthapana, plus āropaņā) which bear the name of
samcaya (Vav Ţ II 58 6).
It will be seen that several sorts of aropaņā exist.
,'
'
all together :
Moreover, the commentaries mention several stages of sthapana and āropanā - subject, naturally, to "combinations" (samyoga).
1. tad-anantaram ye 'nye māsāh pratisevitās te saphali-kartavyā it y ekaikasmat māsāt
pratisevanā-parimanánurūpam stokān stokataran saman vişamān vā divasan gyhitya ekatro aropayati 'eşā aropanā, eşa côtkarşatas tavat kartavyä yāvaryā sthapanaya saha samkalayyamana (sic!) san māsah pūryante nadhikah. tatak sthāpanāropanayor yad ekatra
samkalanam esa samcayah. 2. It permits the accumulation (up to six months) of the months of penance incurred.
This is what emerges from the commentary of Nis Bh 6 427 (Vav Bh 1. 168). ' samcaya tri thavandrovaņā-pagārehin annonra-mäsehimto dirnam samcininto jamha
cham māsā. dijjanti tamhā chanham masānam samcaya tti sannā. adhava : samcaya ni. thavanayovanāhim je samcaya-masa laddlia te thavandrovana-ppagarena cham' māsa
kārim dāyavvā: Communicated to me by Professor Schubring. 3. The stages of sthāpanā are of 20, 15, 5 days, 1 day; the stages of aropană are of 15.
5, 5 days and 1 day. Each of these stages increases in periods of five days, goin
for the sthāpanā of 20 days, to 165; of 15 days, to 175; of 5 days, to 175; and for ... the aropana of 15 days, to 160; of 5 days, to 165; of 5 days, to 175, The last s
increases in periods of one day (from 1 to 17"). Thus 30, 33, 35 and 179 st
.
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