Arddhmagdhi Grammar

Author(s): P L Vaidya
Publisher: Modern Book Depot

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A MANUAL OF
(iii) अ for इ ; e.g., सढिल (शिथिल); the change is due to the process of dissimilation.
(iv) • for ई; e. g., विहूण (विहीन) ; the change is due to the process of dissimilation.
(v) ओ for इ; e.g., दोहाइथ (द्विधाकृत); it is possible to derive the Prakrit form from दो rather than from द्वि.
B. SINGLE CONSONANTS 9. GENERAL-The Amg. language admits all the consonants of the Sanskrit alphabet except 7 and 'which are substituted by . Of nasals 5 and 5 do not appear singly or with vowels, but they do appear in conjunction with consonants of apart and agri respectively. Thus we can have सिङ्गार, भिङ्गार, अङ्ग, उवा, चिञ्चा, चञ्चू, अञ्जलि, विन्झ etc. The practice of Jain writers of Mss. however is to use अनुस्वार rather than परसवर्ण, although I feel it a healthier practice to encourage the use of the latter in modern editions. Single consonants without vowels are not allowed to stand at the end of a word. They are either dropped altogether as in जाव ( यावत् ), ताव (तावत्), जस (यशस्), तम (तमस् ), जम्म (जन्मन्); or a vowel is added to the ending consonant as in सरिआ (सरित्), पाडिवआ (प्रतिपद् ), संपया (संपद), आवई (आपद् ), पाउस (प्रावृष ), भिसअ (भिषग्), सरअ (शरद् ), दिसी (दिर), or an अनुस्वार is substituted for the consonant as in वीसुं (विष्वक् ), सम्म (सम्यक्); सक्खं (साक्षात्), जे ( यद् ), तं (तद् ), जावं (यावत्), तावं (तावत् ), or उ is substituted for a consonant which with the preceding vowel becomes
ओ as in पुढो (पृथक् ), पुणो (पुनर् ). Final म् is substituted by अनुस्वार as in जलं (जलम् ), नई (नदीम् ), वच्छं ( वत्सम् ). Final न् also is substituted by अनुस्वार as in भगवं (भगवान् ), रायं (राजन् ). Amg., like other Prakrits, does not admit विसर्ग which becomes 377 if the preceding vowel happens to be अ as in वच्छो ( वत्सः) or is dropped altogether as in घेण (धेनुः), कई (कविः), मई (मतिः).
10. INITIAL AND MEDIAL-Single consonants occurring at the beginning of a word, remain as a rule, un