Arddhmagdhi Grammar

Author(s): P L Vaidya
Publisher: Modern Book Depot

Page 55

ARDHAMĀGADHI GRAMMAR
VIII
COMPOUNDS 99. The compounds in Amg. are formed, and are explained, more or less in the same manner as they are formed and explained in Sanskrit. There are four principal types of compounds, viz. दन्द ( Sk. द्वन्द्व), तत्पुरिस (Sk. तप्पुरुष), बहुव्वीहि (Sk. बहुव्रीहि ) and अव्वईभाव (Sk. अव्ययीभाव). Of these तत्पुरिस has two varieties called कम्मधारय (Sk. कर्मधारय ), and उववय (Sk. उपपद, in which a verbal derivative is added to a noun). I explain below the nature of each of these types with suitable illustrations.
100. The दन्द compound is formed when two nouns, which can be used independently and without being compounded, are put together so as to form one word. In the explanation of such compounds we have to add a (if the word before ends in अनुस्वार) or य (if it ends in vowel). Thus we have : जीवाजीवा-जीवे य अजीवे य जीवाजीवा, soul and no-soul; वत्थगन्धं-वत्थं च गन्धे य वत्थगन्धं, clothing and scented paste; नरपसूणं-नरा य पसू य नरपसू, तेसिं नरपसूर्ण, of men and animals ; गामनयरेसु-गामा य नयरा य गामनयरा, तेसु गामनयरेसु, in villages and cities ; भत्तपाणं-भत्तं च पाणं च भत्तपाणं, food and drink ; असणपाणखाइमसाइमेणं-असणं च पाणं च खाइमं च साइमं च असणपाणखाइमसाइम, तेणं, असणपाणखाइमसाइमेणं, by food, drink, eatables and relishes ; बीयहरियाणि-बीयाणि य हरियाणि य बीयहरियाणि, seeds and green grass ; वच्चमुत्तं-वच्चं च मुत्तं च वञ्चमुत्तं, dung and urine. __101. The कम्मधारय is a variety of तप्पुरिस compound and is formed by putting together an adjective and the noun it qualifies, or by putting together adjectives or by putting together two nouns in apposition. Thus we have नीलुप्पलं नीलं उप्पलं नीलुप्पलं, a blue lotus. सुहकम्माइं-सुहाई कम्माई सुहकम्माई, auspicious deeds; पुश्वकम्माइं-पुवाई कम्माई