Arvachin Gujarati Kavya Sahitya

Author(s): Ramnarayan Vishvanath Pathak
Publisher: Gujarat Vidyasabha
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/032049/1

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvya sAhitya gu ja rA ta vi aa sa bhA : a ma da lA 6

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kaccha gibsa smAraka graMthamALA: na. 1 leAkeAyAgI vyAkhyAnanALA naM. 1 arvAcIna gujarAtI mAnyasAhitya vyAkhyAtA a. rAmanArAyaNu vizvanAtha pAThaka gujarAta vidyA sabhA : amadAvAda

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prAca jeThAlAla jIvaNalAla gAMdhI sahAyaka matrI gujarAta vidyAsabhA, amadAvAda Atti bIjI prata 750 kImata gara AnA sa. 2005 sa. 1949 mudraka. caturabhAI zanAbhAI paTela zrI mahendra mudraNAlaya mAmAnI havelI sAmArakITa, amadAvAda

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kaccha ginsa smAraka graMthamALAne upadudhAta mahArAva sara zrI kheMgArajI savAI bahAduranA sagIrapaNAmAM nimAyelI rijansIe sarakAranI paravAnagI laIne I. sa. 1880mAM onarebala jemsa gibsa sI. esa. AI., jeo te vakhate vAIsaroya ane gavarnara-janaralanI kAunsilanA membara hatA, ane jeo eka vakhata muMbaI yunivarsiTInA vAIsa-cAnselara hatA, temanA kaccha kAThiyAvADa tathA gujarAta sAthenA saMbaMdhanA smaraNArthe tathA gujarAtanI sAhityanI abhivRddhine uttejana ApavA mATe sosAyaTIne rU. 2500nI noTo svAdhIna karI che, tenA vyAjamAMthI vakhatovakhata InAma ApI pustake racAvavAmAM Ave che ane e pustake sAsAyaTI chapAve che. Aja sudhI A phaMDamAMthI nIcenAM pustaka taiyAra karavAmAM AvyAM che - pustaka lekhaka kImata 1 udyogathI thatA lAbha ane nagInadAsa puruSottamadAsa saMghavI - 4-0 ALasathI thatI hAni 2 mAMdAnI mAvajata Do. nIlakaMTharAya DAhyAbhAI 3 jIvajaMtu ane vanaspatinI nArAyaNa hemacaMdra 0- 4-0 ajAyabIo ja raNajItasiMha DAhyAbhAI pItAMbaradAsa pa mAunTaTyuaTa eliphansTana cunIlAla mANekalAla gAMdhI 0-12-0 6 oNrDa lorensa vizvanAtha prabhurAma 0-12-0 7 brAhmaNanA saLa saMskAra gArAbhAI rAmajI pAThaka 8 hidanI rAjyavyavasthA ane baLavaMtarAya mahAdevarAyA lokasthiti 9 vanaspatizAstra choTAlAla bAlakRSNu purANa (Arthika daSTie) 10 AhArazAstra praveza jogalekara ane saMta 0- 8-0 11 abhinayalA narasiMharAva bhoLAnAtha diveTiyA 0- 8-0 1- 0-0 - 4 - -

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12 purANa vivecana 13 bhUstara-vijJAna-pUrvAdha 14 -uttarAya .. .. 15 sarakRta nATaka, bhAga 16 arvAMcIna gujarAtI ( kAvyasAhitya ) gu. va. seAsAyaTI, amadAvAda 6-10-33 tA. vyAkhyAna 1 lu padyaracanAnA pheraphArA durgAzaMkara kevaLarAma zAstrI DAhyAbhAI pItAMbaradAsa derAsarI 938 32 25 preA. nama dArA kara bhAgIlAla purAhita rAmanArAyaNa vi. pAThaka anukramaNikA vyAkhyAna 2 ju' vRttonA vistAranI ane mizraNanI vaicitryamaya racanAe hIrAlAla tri. pArekha Asi. sekreTarI. vyAkhyAna 3 * blaeNMka vasa' ke saLaMga ageya padgharacanAnA prayatne pariziSTa zabdasUcI... ... 19 : : ... OM : 1- 7-0 1-0-0 1- 0-0 1-0-0 01 SS10 or ... ... 1 24 pa 106 109

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prathama AvRttinI prastAvanA arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya upara vyAkhyAne ApavAnuM kAma gujarAta varnAkayulara sosAyaTI taraphathI 1929nI AkharamAM mane soMpAyuM tene mATe taiyArI karato hato teTalAmAM A deza rAjakIya kSebhamAM AvI gayo ane tethI A kAma ghaNuM laMbAyuM. atyAre paNa dezanA mAnasamAM sAhityanuM kAma karavAne mATe joIe tevuM svAdhya to nathI ja-ugra kSobhane sthAne atyAre cintA ane vyagratA che. paNuM ravIkArelA kAmanuM RNa bahu vakhata mAthe na rAkhavuM evI buddhithI meM bhASaNe taiyAra karavA mAMDyAM ane taiyAra thatAM gayAM tema tema huM te jAheramAM vAMcate gaye. AmAMnuM chelluM bhASaNa sosAyaTInA vArSika utsava prasaMge vAMceluM che. A bhASaNa daramiyAna carcAthI ke vizeSa vAcanathI mane je je sthAne viratAravo jevAM ke vadhAre phuTa karavA jevAM lAgyAM te meM bhASaNanI aMdara sudhArAvadhArA karIne ke nIce TIpa ApIne ke pariziSTa ApIne karela che. chatAM ApaNuM prasiddha thatA kAvyasAhityane pahoMcI vaLavuM azakya che. A pustaka chapAya che te daramiyAna ja zrI sundaramanI kavitAnA be saMgraha "kAvyamaMgalA' ane "keyA bhagatanI kaDavI vANI, zrI candravadana mahetAnAM "ilA kAvyo ne saMgraha ane zrI manasukhalAlane "kuladela" bahAra paDayA che ane bIjA saMgrahe paNa thoDA samayamAM bahAra paDanAra che. eTale saMtoSa thAya che ke A ghaNAkharA navA thatA saMgrahe prasiddhi pahelAM mane jevA maLyA che, ane temAM, A vyAkhyAnomAM rajU karelAM aitihAsika baLonA dAkhalA rUpe ja ghaNuM maLI Ave che. paNa te sivAya paNa arvAcIna sAhitya cAlu mAsikamAM chUTaka prasiddha thatuM hovAthI badhA lekhaka ane temanAM badhAM kAvyone evAM vyAkhyAnomAM sparza karavo

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azakya che. ane sadbhAgye, ema karavuM A vyAkhyAnonA uddezane Avasyaka paNa nathI. pahelA vyAkhyAnamAM meM jaNAvyuM che tema mArA viSayanirUpaNamAM meM aitihAsika balene prAdhAnya ApyuM che ane vyaktine gauNa rAkhela che. chatAM mArA mananA samAdhAna khAtara paNa mAre kahevuM joIe ke mArA nirUpaNamAM keTalAMka kAvyo ane tenA lekhakene huM 25zuM nahi karI zako houM; ane tema thavAmAM koI prakAranI aMgata avamAnanA kAraNabhUta nathI, paNa vyaktinI ane prasaMganI maryAdAo kAraNabhUNa che. A AkhI pejanA Azare cha vyAkhyAnanI che. temAMthI aradhoaradha padyaracanA upara ApyAM che. keAIne kadAca lAge ke meM kAvyamAM padyaracanA upara pramANuthI vadhAre dhyAna ApyuM che. paNa ApaNuM arvAcIna kavitA zarU thaI tyArathI, joze te, piMgaLa upara kavioe ane vivecakAe paNa puSkaLa dhyAna ApyuM che ema jaNAyA vinA nahi rahe. ane keTalAMka etihAsika balo kAvyanA A aMgamAM batAvavAthI viSaya vadhAre vizada thAya che. padyaracanAnI carcA pUrI thatAM viSayanI eka svAbhAvika avAMtara sImAe pahoMcAya che tethI, bIjA bhASaNa taiyAra thAya tyAMsudhInI rAha na jotAM, gujarAta varnAkayulara sosAyaTInA maMtrIzrInI sUcanA mujaba, ATalAM bhASaNe prasiddhi mATe taiyAra karyA che. . viSayanI maryAdAne lIdhe, arvAcIna kAvyasAhityanA keTalAka phUTa praznone huM pUrepUrA carcA zaka nathI. tyAM tyAM praznane skuTa rUpe mUkIne ane kavacita pUrA nirUpaNa vinA mAro mAtra abhiprAya TAMkIne meM saMtoSa mAnyo che. ahIM carcelA prazno vidvAnonuM lakSa kheMcI zakaze te paNa huM mArA prayatnane saphaLa thA mAnIza. 9-10-33 rAmanArAyaNa vizvanAtha pAThaka * viSama nI pi7 kina

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya - padyaracanAnA pheraphAre vartamAna kAvyasAhityanA aneka dRSTie abhyAsa thaI cUkyo che. mukhya mukhya dareka kavi vize ghaNuM kahevAI gayuM che. mukhya mukhya kavionI TIkA thaI gaI che. hamaNAM ja che. balavaMtarAya ThAkare Adhunika kavionAM pratinidhikAvyo laI te upara vidvatApUrNa carcA karI che. te sivAya sadgata navalarAme, sara ramaNabhAIe; maNizaMkara ratnajI bhaTTa, maNilAla nabhubhAIe, raNajItarAma vAvAbhAIe prasaMgopAtta potAnA samakAlIna sAhitya upara vivecanA karI che. zrIyuta narasiMharAvabhAI, pro. balavaMtarAya ThAkara ane AcArya AnaMdazaMkarabhAI ghaNAM varasothI e pramANe vivecana karatA AvyA che. hAla lagabhaga badhAM mAsikemAM, prasiddha thatAM pustakanuM avalokana thAya che. pAThya pustake mATe prasiddha thatA gadyapadyanA saMgrahamAM paNa, saMgRhIta lekhanA lekhake vize kaMIka kahevAno rivAja che. A rIte A ThIkaThIka kheDAyelo viSaya che. A sthitimAM kevaLa punarAvartana na thAvuM eTalA mATe, mArA nirUpaNamAM, huM, ApaNI rasavRtti ane kAvyaruci kaI kaI dizAomAM pravRtta thAya che, ApaNA kAvyasAhityane ghaDanArAM kayAM kyAM baLe che te jovAno prayatna karIza. joke ema karatAM paNa, ghaNAe kahela evA ghaNAnuM mAre punaHkathana karavuM paDaze.' A dRSTie jotAM huM kAvya karanAra vyaktine prAdhAnya na ApatAM etihAsika balene prAdhAnya ApavA icchuM chuM-joke hajI aitihAsika belAne yathArtha samajavA jeTaluM kAlanuM aMtara thayuM nathI. kAvyanA amuka dRSTie vibhAge ke prakAre pADI tene te te vibhAga vAra abhyAsa karavA karatAM, huM mAnuM chuM, kAvyanA sthUlathI

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.2 ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya abhyAsa zarU karI, tenA sUkSma tarapha javAnI pati mArA STibindune vadhAre upakAraka nIvaDaze. tethI huM prathama kAvyanI padyaracanA pachI kAvyanA prakAre, tenI zailI ke rIti, bhASA, alaMkAra vagere kalpanAnA taraMgA, kalpanAne anukUla paDatA viSaye ane chevaTe vizALa amAM kAvyane dhvani rasa ema abhyAsa karatA karatA AgaLa javA icchuM chuM. abhyAsanA prAraMbhamAM prathama prazna e utpanna thAya che ke arvAcIna sAhitya kayArathI zarU thayuM gaNavuM joI e. agrejI rAjyadhI pazcimanI juvAna prabala saMskRtinuM ApaNI purAtana gaMbhIra sa MskRti sAthe saMghaTana thayuM, tenA asara ApaNA sAhityamAM, dalapata-na danA gadyapadyamAM prathama dekhA de che, eTale emanA kavanakAlathI arvAcIna kAvyasAhityanA prAraMbha thayA manAya che te yathArtha che ane huM paNa tene ja prAraMbhakAla gaNIza. A kAvyaghaTaka maleAnI carcAne a Mge eka bIjI vAta paNa ahI" ja teAMdhavA jevI che. te e ke A arvocIna kALamAM ja guja rAtI sAhityamAM vivecanasAhitya utpanna thayu che, ane vadhatuM gayuM che. A vize vizeSa carcA karavAne badale, sadgata sara ramaNubhArzvanA " prAcIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM UgelA vivecananA aMkura '" nA lekhamAM prathama vAkayamAM ApelA abhiprAya ja utAravA basa thaze. tee! kahe che ke " vikrama saMvatanA 19 mA saikAnA aMta sudhI gujarAtI bhASAmAM vivecana (criticism )nu sAhitya hatuM nahi. arvAcIna kAlamAM ApaNA lekhakAe anya sAhityanAM vivecane joyAM, anya sAhitya| vAMcyAM, ane tethI temanAmAM paNa vivecanadRSTi jAgrata thaI. AthI ApaNA kAlanAM kAvyaghaTaka alA, ApaNAM kAvyeAnI utpatti sAthe sAthe, vivecanathI chatAM thatAM gayAM che, ane e leA buddhinI bhUmikA upara spaSTa thatAM; kaviee peAte paNa e balAne buddhigamya bhUmikA upara ramamANa thatAM joyAM che. jUnA ""

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1. yaracanAnA pheraphAra kavioe paNa pracalita paraMparAmAM pheraphAra karyA che, paNa te badhA pheraphAro temane pitAne, hAlanA kavitAlekhakane che teTalA, buddhigocara nahotA. ane kAvyaghaTaka balo buddhigocara thayAM, ane vivecananA siddhAnto jJAta thayA, e hakIkta pote paNa eka rIte pAchI kAvyaghaTaka thaI che. kAvyavyApAra thoDe buddhigocara bhUmikA para cAle to kavitA UtaratI ja thAya evo koI niyama nathI e hakIkata . ahIM sAthe sAthe nedhuM chuM. have huM sauthI prathama kAvyasAhityanA sthala zarIramAM A arvAcIna samayamAM, zA zA viziSTa pheraphAra thayA che te jovA prayatna karIza. kAvyanA bAhyAMgane, eTale arvAcIna padyaracanAono vicAra karavAmAM eka khAsa phAyado e che ke kAvyanA e aMganA pheraphAra ane tene ghaDanArAM baLo, viSayanAM bIjAM aMgenI apekSAe, bhUla hovAthI, vadhAre spaSTa rIte batAvI zakAze. mAre ahIM ja spaSTa karavuM joIe ke A padyaracanAnI carcAmAM huM kAvyanI saMgItaracanAomAM thayelA pheraphAreno samAveza karavA Icchato nathI. Ama karavAne, saMgIta e kAvyathI nirALo svataMtra viSaya che, e pUratuM kAraNa che. paNa tema chatAM, saMgItane piMgalanI bAju che. ApaNA dezI DhALo ane garabAgarabIne piMgalanAM mApamAM batAvI zakAya ema sata navalarAmabhAIe kahyuM che ane te sAcuM che. temaNe pote potAnI keTalIka garabIonAM cocokA chakA vagere mApe ApelAM che. subodhaciMtAmaNinuM vivecana karatAM teo kahe cheH "A pustakamAM je garabIo vagere che tenI ame chaMdamAM ja gaNanA upara karI gayA te jANI joIne ja karI che, kemake emAM tAla tathA mAtrAno niyama ghaNe ThekANe...... chaMdanI peThe sAcave che. keTalAka lokamAM hajI evI UMdhI samaja cAle che ke garabI vageremAM kAMI piMgaLaniyama ja nathI, ane te to jema rAgaDe kahADIne lakhIe tema cAle paNa e khoTI vAta che. jenA

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya kavio tAla ne mAtrA niyame ja lakhatA.1 chatAM A piMgaLanuM kAma hajI sudhI thayuM nathI. tenuM eka kAraNa e che ke keTalAka dezo DhALe je mANabhaTe gAtA tenI paraMparA atyAre naSTaprAya thaI gaI che. mANabhaTo paNa bhavAyAnI peThe navA nATakI rAgo levA mAMDayA che. te uparAMta jUnA rAhanAM nAme lahiyAoe sAcAM lakhyAM che ke kema te saMzaya che, ane judA judA vibhAgamAM amuka rAha eka ja rIte gavAte athavA te amuka rAhanuM badhe ya eka ja nAma hatuM evI khAtrI thatI nathI. te uparAMta jUnA kavionAM kAvyanA pATha zuddha nathI ane azuddha pAThamAMthI piMgaladehane zodhI kADhavA ghaNuM vikaTa kAma che. AthI A kAma thayuM nathI ane ahIM evA aNakheDAyelA viSayane nirUpavAne avakAza nathI. eTale e dezI DhALonA pheraphAra vize huM kazuM kahevA mAgatA nathI. mAtra jema mojaNIdAre khetaravAra mApaNI na karatAM gALa mA paNa kare che tema dezI DhALo samasta vize eka be vAto kahI AgaLa cAlIza. AmAM prathama e kahevAnuM che ke arvAcIna samayamAM jUnA DhALo, rAmagrI AzAvarI vagere AkhyAmAM vaparAtA kALo, sAhityakAroe lagabhaga choDI dIdhA che ema kahIe to cAle. A DhALano chello dAkhalo, pratApa nATakanA lekhaka tarIke vadhAre prasiddha sagata gaNa patarAma rAjArAma bhadanA laghubhAratane che. A kAvya pAMca bhAgamAM prasiddha thayuM che ane chelle bhAga saMvata 1965 mAM eTale I. sa. 1906 mAM pUro thayo che. e DhALonI upayogitA ane zakti jevA e kAvya vAMcavA jevuM che, jo ke hAla to ghaNuM enuM nAma paNa jANatA nathI. temanI pachI keIe A DhALone Avo upayoga karyAnuM dhyAnamAM nathI. temAM be nAnA apavAdo batAvavA jevA che. zrIyuta narasiMharAve jabukyotinA bhASAMtaramAM DhALa ane valaNene upayoga karyo che. zrIyuta ke. ha. dhruve meghadUtanA bhASAMtaramAM 1 navalagraMthAvali zALApAgI AvRtti bhAga 2, pR. 25

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* 1. padyaracanAnA pheraphAro [ v dezI DhALoteA upayAga karyAM che. A dAkhalA nAnA che paNa tene huM sUcaka mAnuM chuM. A dAkhalAne artha e che ke ja pujyeAti jevAM lAMbAM AkhyAnakAvyA jo pAchAM lakhAya teA kadAca e DhALo pAchA Ave. atyAre ApaNAmAM lAMbAM AkhyAnakALyeA ( longer narrative poems ) lakhAtAM nathI. e lakhAze tyAre A jUnA dezI DhALo ane zAmaLanAM dAharA cApAI ane purANeAnA anuSTupa . AkhyAnakInA punaruddhAra thavAne mane sabhara 0NAya che. ane medUtabhASAntarane| dAkhalo ema matAve che ke lAMbAM saMskRta kAvyeA samagleAkI karavAM e eka ja bhASAntara karavAne mAga nathI. ApaNA dezI DhALo AvA kAmamAM Ave ke kema te bhASAntakAre vicAravA jevuM che. | jUnA AkhyAnaDhALo baMdha paDacA tenuM kAraNa junavANI vastuene aNagamA ane navInatAneA meha e heAya tepaNa tene huM gauNa kAraNa gaNuM chuM. kharuM kAraNa, ApaNe AkhyAneA lakhatA badha thai UrmikAvyA ke gItA ( lyrical poems) tarapha DhaLyA, e che. ane tethI ja A paNI garabI garabA rAsa rAsaDAnA pravAha pAtaLo paDayA nathI. eTaluM ja nahi atyAre te rAsayuga cAle che ema manAya che. A mAnyatA, mate vicAra karatAM, bhramaNA jaNAya che. arvAcIna kAvyA jotAM rAsagarabIneA pravAha kyAMya tUTaka thayeA mane jaNAtA nathI. prathama dalapatarAme garakhI garamAM gAyAM. tenA ja anusaMdhAnamAM navalarAma, narasiMharAva, kAnta, maNilAla nabhubhAi, tribhuvana premaza'kara, kavi nhAnAlAla ema garabI pravAha satata vahetA rahyo che. nATakAmAM garamA-garamI gAvAnI prathA ghaNA kAlathI caM latI Ave che; eTale garamIsAhitya vicchinna thayAne mane kaze! purAvA maLatA nathI. mAtra sumeAdhaciMtAmaNinA vivecanamAM navalarAmabhAI lakhe che e eka purAvA gaNavA hAya teA gaNAya. te kahe che dazavIza varSa para gUjarAtI sAkSara maDaLane garamI vagerenA ghaNA 65

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya tiraskAra hato te hAla ghaNAkharA dUra thayelo joI ame ghaNuM rAjI thaIe chIe." A 1882mAM lakhyuM che eTale garabInA tiraskArano kAla 1860-70 no dasake gaNAya. A samayanA tiraskArano artha huM mAtra eTalo ja karuM chuM ke dalapatarAmanI garabIbhadra tarIke mazkarI karanAra vargane uddezIne A lakhAyuM hoya, e tiraskAra garabI viruddha heya te karatAM dalapatarAmanI zilI viruddha hato ema kahevuM vadhAre UMcata huM mAnuM chuM. narmadAzaMkaranA "jessAnA zokhInane dalapatarAmanI zilInI cIDa hatI bAkI narmade pote paNa garabI nathI lakhI emanathI. . hAla to jamAno rAsayugane che athavA bahAnAlAla kavithI rAsayuga beThe ema kahevAya che teno huM eka ja artha karI zakuM chuM ke bhaNelI bahenemAM rAsa levAnI prathA chellAM vIsa pacIsa varasamAM ja vadhAre lokapriya thaI tenuM kAraNa ghaNe moTe aMze AkhA dezamAM AvelA caitanyano juvALa che, jene lIdhe ApaNe rAjyataMtramAM vadhAre cokkasa zabdomAM svarAjya mAgyuM, keLavaNImAM svabhASAno ugratara Agraha karyo, vyavahAramAM svadezI tarapha vadhAre moTA pramANamAM vaLyA, ane rItabhAtamAM ane rasavRttimAM ApaNI janI DhapachapanI vadhAre kadara karavA lAgyA. te uparAMta AkhI duniyAmAM atyAre kalA tarapha lekhakonI ane vAcakonI buddhi vadhAre jAgrata thaI che te paNa kharuM. eTale bahenoe jAheramAM garabA gAvAmAM vadhAre utsAha batAvyo. e jAtanA gItasAhityanI khapata vadhI te sAthe ApaNA lekhakoe navA rAso paNa lakhavA mAMDayA, ane pariNAme rAsanAM aneka navAM svarUpe phUlIphAlI UThayAM. A badhAM svarUpa kalAnI daSTie sAcAM che ke mULanA sudhArA ja che ema mane lAgyuM nathI. hajI ApaNA rAsalekhakane junA rAsonI madhura halaka siddha thaI nathI, A vAta rAsakaviomAM mukhya gaNAyela kavizrI nhAnAlAla pitA vize kabUla kare che. teo kahe che: "te pachI 1910 mAM chapAyo mahAre pahelo 2. sadara puSTa rarara5

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1. padyaracanAnA pheraphAra rAsasaMgraha, ThIka che; lokane e rAsa gamyA; sundarIoe sArA kahyA, rAsarasiyeNeAe manamAnyA * jhIlyA. paNa sundara maneAhArI jUnA rAseAnA uma'gauchaLatA upADa emAM nathI.'OM huM icchuM chuM ke bIjA rAsalekhako paNa temanA jeTalA peAtAnI kRtienA TIkAkAra thAya. ane prasaMga AvatAM kahuM chuM, mane bahene mApha karaze, jUnI para MparAnA rAsanRtyanuM mAdhurya, halaka, ullAsa, vantatA, svAtaMtrya hajI mane navAMmAM dekhAyAM nathI. jUnAmAM sudhArAne ane pragatine dhaNA avakAza che te huM kabUla karuM chuM. pazu te sudhArA ke pragati jUnAnuM jIvanta rahasya hAthamAM AvyA pachI ja thaI zake, ane te hajI thayuM nathI. tyAMsudhI ApaNe je kAMI karIe chIe te bahArathI karelA prayoge che. ane A mArI TIkA kAI vyakti upara nathI. heALAyelA pANIne besatAM vAra lAge che tema dareka kalApravRttine paNa prasanna thatAM samaya joIe chIe. ane e prasAda ApaNI kalAmAM Avaze evI mane zraddhA che. ApaNA atyAra sudhInA prayatne mane AzA preraka lAge che. C rAsa sabaMdhI eka vAta tarapha badhAnuM dhyAna kheMcavuM mane jarUranuM lAge che. rAsanA upalabdha sagrAmAM evAM aneka gIte che ke jene rAsa ke garabI ke garame! na kahI zakAya. A tarapha prasa Mge prasa Mge me dhyAna khecyuM che. rAsaku janI saragama 'nI prastAvanAmAM zrI. narasiMha. rAve pazu e tarapha dhyAna kheMcyuM che. garabIe sAthe A jaMtara gItAnI seLabheLa thavAnuM kAraNu hAlanI garamI levAnI paddhati che. hAlanI eTale zikSita baheneAe levA mAMDelI garamI, asala garamI karatAM vadhAre mA~, ane temAM aMgeAnI gati ghaNI echI che. hajI jo jUnI DhabanI ja varA ane aMganAM halanacalana Ave te temAM kheATI garI TakI zake nahi. hamaNAM hamaNAMmAM pAchI garabInI asala rIta tarapha baheneAne pakSapAta vadhA jAya che ane tevI baheneAnI garImAM me 3. rAsakuMja, prastAvanA, pR. 5-6

Page #15
arvAcIna gujarAta kAvyasAhitya <] banAvaTI garakhI ghUsI jatI joI nathI. paNa zAstradRSTie paNa garamInuM vyAvataka lakSaNa spaSTa thavuM joie. atyAra sudhInAM A sabadhI vivecanAmAM aneka sate| vAMcyA che, rUbarU carcAmAM sAMbhaLyA che, te badhAnA ahIM... saMgraha karateA nathI. A zu sAhityane prazna nathI, balake vizeSa karIne saMgItane prazna che. ApaNA sAhityalekhako ane vivecakomAM ghaNA gheADAne saMgItaneA zAstrAbhyAsa che; tethI A praznane prAmANika rIte nirNaya thavA muzkela che. zuddha sagItazAstranI dRSTie paNu e muzkelI rahI che ke atyAra sudhInuM ustAdI saMgItazAstra hiMdustAnI saMgItanuM zAstra che. e saMgItanA zAstrakArane gujarAtanA garabA garabI nAta nahAtAM; eTale te zAstranA dhAraNe garabA garakhInI vyavasthA karavA jatAM saphaLatA na paNa maLe, chevaTe khIjuM nahi te| navI muzkelIe Ave. huM mAnuM chuM ke jema hocatA ane bhavAInA nRtyanA tAla ustAdI zAstrIya saMgItanI tAlAjanAthI bhinna che, tema kadAca garamA garabInuM saMgIta paNa ustAdI sagItathI svataMtra rIte abhyAsa karI zAstra-vyavasthA karavA yeAgya hAya. e abhyAsa thaI jaze tyAre garamInuM kharuM svarUpa samajAze, atyAre te! garamI garame rAsa rAsaDe| kone kahevA te saMbaMdhI paNa kazI ceAkasAI nathI. ( A sivAya saMgIta sAthe saMlagna thayelAM ApaNAM kAvyA te padA ane bhajane. A nAmeA bahu ja sAmAnyavAcaka che. AmAM padAnI paraparA hajI paNa AchI pAtaLI cAlu che. kavi na`dAza kare ane preA. khalava tarAye peAtAnAM garamIthI itara geya kAvyAne padenu nAma ApeluM che. A padasAhityanuM saMgIta dhIme dhIme vadhAre viziSTa bane che ane khanaze, ane padmanA sAmAnya nAmane badale, gujarAtamAM sagItanA abhyAsa vadhate tema tema, rAganuM vizeSa nAma dhAraNa karaze ema mane jaNAya che. * jUro bhajana e ustAdI saMgItamAM vyavasthita thaI zake ke kema te

Page #16
1. padyaracanAnA pheraphArI [ huM jANatA nathI; paNa gujarAtI bhajananI eka viziSTa halaka che te tA sau koI kaheze. A bhajana sagIta hajI sAkSarAmAM sthAna pAmyuM nathA. garabI sAhityanI peThe te navA lekhakaeNA meLavI zakayuM nathI. e sAhityanA lekhaka vartamAna samayamAM zrIyuta mahAdevabhAie prakAzamAM ANela kavi arjuna tathA mastakavi tribhuvana premazaMkara ane kaIka 'aze 'jJAnI 'kavi anavara sAheba. bhajanaparaMparA naSTa thatI jAya che, tenuM mukhya kAraNa ! e huM bhajaneA gAvAne zeAkha ghaTatA jAya che. navIna keLavaNI lIdhelAne jUnAM bhajatAmAM rasa rahyo nathI. ApaNI dhama bhAvanA zithila thatI jAya che ke kema te te huM kahI zakatA nathI, paNa dharmabhAvanA prakaTa karavAnAM jUnAM svarUpe! adRzya thatAM jAya che te sAthe dhArmika bhajaMtA gAvAnI vRtti paNa dhaTatI jAya che. ceAganA agamya anubhavA, saMsAranI ni:sAratA, mRtyunI nizcitatA, vagere akanA eka viSayeA lagabhaga ekanA eka cavAyelA zabdAmAM ApaNAM bhajatAmAM AvyA kare che te tarapha havenA vAcako ane zrotAone kaTALA Ave che. ane kaMIka ema paNa jaNAya che ke tulasI khIra nAnaka suradAsa tukArAma jevA mahAna sateAnA jevI sarala A` ane bhavya vANI gujarAtImAM narasiMha sivAya bIjAnI nathI, eTale A vANInA paricayamAM AvyA pachI gujarAtI bhajanAnuM AkaSa Nu kaIka echuM thAya che. gujarAtamAM prAthanAsamAjane ApaNe navIna dha bhAvanAnuM eka svarUpa kahIe, paNa tene jUnI bhajanaparaMparAnuM anusa MdhAna na thayuM. paNa chellAM gheADAM varasAthI leAkasAMhityanI peThe bhajanA tarapha paNa ApaNuM dhyAna gayuM che ane e sAhibhanA rAge paNa kadAca pracalita thaze ema kahI zakAya. saMgItasaMlagna kAvye... vize ATaluM kahI, huM piMgalanI hakUmatamAM thatA keTalAka pheraphArA vize carcA karIza. ahI sauthI mahattvanuM ane sauthI prathama teAMdhavA jevuM e che ke vartamAna yugaMnA pahelA kavie dalapatarAma ane narmadAzaMkaranu pahelu dhyAna pi`galanI

Page #17
10 ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya AvazyakatA upara puM, e bee piMgala lakhyuM tyAM sudhI. ApaNI bhASAmAM piMgala hatuM nahi, e prakAranA graMtha hiMdI ke cAraNImAM hatA. kavi davapatarAmanA samayamAM piMgalanuM ajJAna kavitA pravAhane keTale sudhI bAdhaka hatuM tene khyAla paNa atyAre ApaNane Ave nahi. e muzkelIo emaNe saphaLa rIte khaseDI e hakIkta ja atyAre temanA jamAnAnI e muzkelIne khyAla karavAmAM aMtarAyarUpa che. ane e ja emanI mahattA che, narmakavitAnI pahelI "kepha' vizenI kavitA nIce kavi TIpa kare che, -narmakavitAnI TIpe aneka dRSTie bodhaka che e kavitA meM sane 1855 nA oNkaTobaranI tA. 29 mIe bu. va. sabhAmAM vAMcI hatI. e jeDI tyAre deharo kema karavo. te huM jANato nahoto. kavi zAmaLa bhaTanI kavitA meM nhAnapaNamAM mArI meLe game tevA DhALe vAMcelI te dhuna pramANe ane kaMI dalapatarAmanuM ne kaMI manamohanadAsanuM joI joI deharA copAI karyA hatA." lalita chaMda je atyAre lagabhaga darekane paricita che eTaluM ja nahi paNa anekavAra cavAvAthI kaIka apakhe paDyo che, te vize narmadAzaMkara zuM lakhe che te juo, 1856 mAM zrImaMta ne paramArtha viSe zikSAnI kavitAnI nIce TIpa kare cheH " e gopagItanA DhALane lalita vRtta e nAma pachavADethI ApyuM che. te suratamAM thaI gayelA lAladAsa nAmanA dAdupathI sAdhunA banAvelA piMgaLa uparathI. e lalita vRtta bIjA hiMdustAnI piMgaLAmAM ApeluM nathI. dalapatarAma kavie paNa mAre mehaDethI sAMbhaLyA pachI potAnA piMgaLamAM dAkhala karyuM che. e vRtta karuNArasa kavitAne ghaNuM ja anukULa che." A sthiti maTADavA bane kavioe prayatno AdaryA. kavi dalapatarAme sane 1855 mAM buddhiprakAza'mAM kakaDe kakaDe piMgala ApavAnI zarUAta karI te 1880 sudhI e prayatna cAlu rahyo.. narmadAzaMkare piMgalapravezanI prathama AvRttinI 500 nakale 18pamAM bahAra pADI. A piMgaLanA prathama prayatno te gurjara sarasvatInI svataMtra rIte vahevAnI prathama

Page #18
1 pallaracanAnA pheraphAra pratijJArUpa gaNavA joIe. A piMgalanI janasamudAya upara ghaNu moTI asara thaI. te sAthe e be kavio upara mukhya asara e thaI ke temaNe bannee piMgalamAM AvatAM ghaNuM vRttonA puSkaLa akhatarA potAnAM kAvyomAM karyA. bannenA saMgrahamAM, mAtra vividhya mATe ane cha uparanuM prabhutva batAvavA, harakoI viSayauparanA kAvyamAM aneka chandonA prayogo dekhAze khAsa karIne dalapatakAvyamAM. AmAM manahara ghanAkSarI jevA akSarameLa chando ane chapA. doharA jevA mAtrAmeLa chanda e jUnA samayathI hiMdImAMthI ApaNe lIdhelA hatA. paNa saMskRta vRttono upayoga gujarAtI sAhityamAM ahIM navo thayo gaNu joIe. ApaNuM prAcIna kavioe saMskRta vRtto vAparyo che ke nahi e prazna, premAnaMdanAM nATakanA kartRtva sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvato heI, parAkSa mahattva pAmyo che. e viSayane mArA viSaya sAthe saMbaMdha nathI. paNa e kharuM che ke madhyakAlIna gujarAtI kavioe saMskRta vRttAmAM paNa kavitAo karI che. premAnaMdane saMdigdha dAkhala na laI e tepaNa. tenA samakAlIna ranezvare "mahinAmAM mAlinI vRttane suMdara upayoga karyo che temAM zaMkA nathI. eka ja dAkhalo lauM chuM: suNa dhana muja vANI, varSatuM rAkha pANI, kSaNa Ika thira rene, kRSNanI vAta kene madhupura thakI AvyA, zA samAcAra lAvyA, dhurI muralI mIThe, kRSNajI kyAM ya dIThe 14 ane chatAM e kharuM che ke saMskRta temAM kAvya karavAnI paraMparA vipula ane atUTa nahatI, ane dalapata narmade saMskRta vRttAmAM gujarAtI kavitA lakhavAnI zarUAta karI te keAI prAcIna cAlatI. AvelI paraMparAnA anusaMdhAnamAM nahi. 1882mAM subedhaciMtAmaNina 4. prAcIna kAvyasudhA bhA. 1 le, pR. 116

Page #19
12] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya vivecanamAM navalarAmabhAI kahe che keH "saMskRta Dha5nA akSara te ApaNA samUhane eka ajANyA ja che ane te gUjarAtI bhASAne anukULa paNa nathI."5 meghadUta kAvyanI prastAvanAmAM vadhAre vistArapUrvaka kahe che: "akSara chado (saMskRta vRtti)mAM prauDhI Ave che kharI, paNa gujarAtImAM te kilaSTa thaI jAya che e saune jANItuM ja che. akSaradezamAM bIje doSa e che ke gujarAtamAM zAstrIo sivAya (jemane gujarAtI padya vAMcavAne ja abhAva che.) jUnA leke bilakula ethI ajANyA che, ane navAmAMnA thoDA ja barAbara vAMcI zake che.' piMgalakAra dalapatarAmane paNa pRthvIndranA baMdhAraNa vize gerasamajaNa hatI te jANItuM che. ' eTale padyanI daSTie saMskRta vRttone bahoLo upayoga ane tene pariNAme e to vAparavAnI pahelI navI paraMparAne A arvAcIna kAvyanuM huM eka mahattvanuM lakSaNa gaNuM chuM. kadAca tenI zarUAta piMgalanA jJAna ane vaividhyanI khAtara teno prayoga karavAnI hAMsathI thaI paNa pachI tarata ja te prayoganI saphaLatAthI ane vizeSa karIne te saMskRta vADamayanA navI dRSTinA.abhyAsathI e praNAlikAne ghaNuM baLa maLyuM. dalapatarAmabhAInA lAMbA kavanakALathI kavitA vAMcanAra ane kavitA karanAra banne vargane A chono eTale abhyAsa thaI gayuM ke atyAre saMskRta vRttone yogya rIte pATha na karI zake te eTalA pUrato banakeLavAyelo ja gaNAya ane kavitAlekhakone paNa saMskRta vRtta have taddana sAdhya thaI gayAM che te ApaNe have pachI AvavAnA dAkhalAmAM joIzuM. Ane ja lAgatuM padyaracanAnuM bIjuM valaNa te navA indo yojavAnuM, chandonI vaicitryamaya racanA karavAnuM ane chandonAM mizraNa karavAnuM. A valaNa hiMdanA sAhityanA itihAsamAM kadI nahotuM ema to na ja kahevAya. piMgalane sUkSma rIte abhyAsa karatAM 5. navalagraMthAvali zA. A. bhA. 2, pR. 24 6. sadara 5. 2

Page #20
1. padyaracanAnA pheraphAra temAM chandono vikAsa ane tenA pheraphAra ati prAcIna kAlathI thatA AvatA jaNAya che. paNa ApaNo svataMtra buddhine itihAsa, baMdha paDatAM, ApaNe aneka pravRttionI peThe, A dizAnI pravRtti paNa thIjI gaI hatI. upara joI gayA tema saMskRta vRttone to vaparAza ja AmavargamAMthI cAlyo gayo hato. padyaracanAnA akhatarA mAtra bhATa cAraNa karatA, paNa temano kAvyano viSaya ane temanI kAlyanI dRSTi eTalAM saMkucita ke tethI samasta sAhityane bhAgye ja vizeSa phAyado thAya. mANabhaTonI dezIo, viSNava ane jaina maMdiranAM gIto, bhajananA rAha ane garabo sAhityanA DhALomAM vikAsa thayo che, paNa upara jaNAvI gayo tema te mAre viSaya nathI. jene cAlu arthamAM piMgalanI dRSTie ApaNe chaMdo ke vRtto kahIe tene vikAsa aTakI gayo hato, ane ApaNA samayamAM tenA vikAsane navI ja dizAmAM baLa maLyuM che. A baLanI preraNuM vizeSe karIne aMgrejI sAhityamAMthI ane tethI gauNa rIte marAThI ane baMgALI sAhityamAMthI AvI che. ApaNA kavioe aMgrejI kAvyo vAMcyAM, temAM kavionuM padyaracanA uparanuM prabhutva joyuM, tenuM vicitrya ane svAtaMtrya joyuM, ane temane paNa ema karavAnuM mana thayuM. A preraNA atyAre paNa teTalI ja baLavAna che. A sAhityanA kSetramAM evo eka paNa lekhaka bhAgye ja haze jeNe padyaracanAno ekAda paNa na prayoga na karyo heya. ApaNe kahI zakIe ke - nANI virya naraM indraH navA chanA prAgonA dAkhalA kavi dalapatarAmamAMthI jhAjhA maLavA saMbhava nathI. upara jaNAvyuM tema temaNe saMskRta vRtto, mAtrAmeLa chando vagereno upayoga karyo te temanI AgaLanA jamAnAnI apekSAe navo hato, paNa dhIme dhIme sudhArAno sAra" yAnAra chandomAM paNa dhIme sudhAre ja karyo che. dalapata piMgalanA akSarameLa chandomAM 71 me dalachanda che te dalapatarAmane no phALo gaNAya; paNa

Page #21
14 ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya 66 "" 1 dalapatakAvyanA evaDA meATA e bhAgamAM eka ja jagAe mAtra (bhA 1 leA pR. 1-2 ) ArDa dalachaMda dalapattarAme " lakhyA che. khAjjI temanI viziSTatA piMgalanA chandone dhaNA ja prasAdathI prayAga karavAmAM rahelI che. paNa sudhArAmAM "yA heAma karIne pA" kahenAra nade padyaracanAmAM tema ja bIjI ghaNI dizAmAM yAheAma kareluM che. dhaNA samayathI eka mahAkAvya lakhavAne ApaNI gur bhAratIne kADa che. tenuM prathama svapnuM namadane AveluM. ane tyArathI mahAkAvyane anukULa chandanI zeAdhamAM ApaNA kaviee aneka akhatarA karyA che. tevA pahele akhatare| na de karyo che. ' vIrasiMha" kAvyanI TIpamAM meTI vIrarasa kavitAnA keTalAka viSayAnI carcA karI vivRttanA praznamAM Utare cheH " pachI vRttanA vicAramAM paDaye!. relA vRtta khIjA badhA karatAM anukUla paDe tevuM che. paNa temAM paNa jeTalI joI e teTalI prauDhatA nathI...tA. 25 mI mee vIrasiMhanuM abhimAna krama jAgyuM te vize ekadama jozamAM lakhavA kheDe. huM paNa hAlamAM mArI hAlatathI kadI jevA chauM e vicArathI khelAI gayuM ke 'huM kANu kahAM huM.' te pachI e ja navuM vRtta kAyama rAkhyuM te vRttanuM nAma paNa vIravRtta rAkhyuM--e veLA mArI AMkha kevI hatI te 'pUrNAM' e lITIthI jaNAze. " ApaNe emAMnI ja e lITI joie. pUrNAMhutinI UrDa jvALa ! tare mukha AMkha-- gaLAyU leha | jema thaI rAtuM, vAra | rAtrune tharo hAvAM tU' u vIra have zI mAra | pitRne tAra | zrIjI paMktine zrIyuta ke. ha. dhruvanI gA la dAnI sarala saranAmAM nIce pramANe mUkI zakAya. dA dAdA dAdA dAla | dAladA dAla | dAladA dAla | laThThA dAdA dA 7 7. dareka pakti barAbara A ja rUpamAM nathI AvatI. paNa tenuM kAraNa na dA!'karatu sAmAnya racanAauyiya che je rALAmAM paNa jovAmAM Ave

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[ 12 1. padyaracanAnA pheraphAre A keI svataMtra vRtta nathI paNa narmadAzaMkara jene koI kAI jagAe dakSiNa lAvaNuM kahe che, ane jene pote sAmAnya lAvaNamAM mUla tarIke vApare che tene ja vistAra che. narmadAzaMkara ane dalapatarAma banee lAvaNano upayoga karyo che chatAM bemAMthI keIe piMgalamAM tenuM mApa ApeluM nathI. paNa ApaNe lAvaNanA AkhA baMdhanuM prayojana nathI, tenI amuka khUlanuM che. A mUla pR. 725 uparanI lAvaNImAM Ave che: 1 1 2 1 12 2 2 1 1 2 2 22 kevuM sAccha dise A ka za dipe A TANe 2 1 1 1 2 11 12 13 1112 22 e hirA caLakatA nice ratananI khANe=22 pR. 7ra6 para e. jhUlanA jevI racanAne ja lAvaNI dakSiNI thaI amAsa mAre Aja are varasanI =rara " miThi caMdi nAma huM prIta bijI kahuM kahAnI=22 te pachI pR. 1927 uparanI lAvaNI paNa A ja racanA che ? * nava ghaTe sughaDane tema duSaNa e moTuM =rara A dakSiNI lAvaNIne piMgalanI sattAmAM nIce pramANe mUkI zakAya ? dA dAdA dAdA dAla ladAdA dAdA=22 pR. 482 uparanuM adbhuta yuddha e A prakAranI lAvaNI che; je ke AgaLa jatAM e svarUpa jarA badalAyuM che je mane eTaluM saMvAdI nathI lAgatuM. have uparanA mApane vIravRtta sAthe sarakhAvatAM tarata mAlUma paDaze ke vIravRtta bIjuM kAMI nahi paNa A lAvaNIne ja vistAra che. de dAdA dAdA dAlA dAladA dAla, dAladA dAla che * ladAdA dAdA che. bIjI rIte kahIe te gAvAnA chandomAM AvuM pigalazethila cAlI paNa zake che. . * 8. A carcAmAM cothI Attine upayoga karyo che?

Page #23
arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya ahIM ApelA vIravRttane pahelo ane chello khaMDa jenI nIce meM lITI karI che te bhegA karatAM uparanI lAvaNuM thaI rahe che. vacamAM kaI paMktimAM dAladA dAla ane kaI mAM ladAdA dAla Ave che eTale e khaMDone amuka viziSTa rUpanA na gaNatAM aSTakala saMdhio gaNue to cAle. A racanAmAM A aSTakala saMdhionA umeraNa pUratI paNa navInatA nathI, kAraNa ke ene maLato A lAvaNIne vistAra marAThI sAhityamAM puSkaLa che ane e racanAnuM paNa narmadAzaMkare anukaraNa kareluM che. udAharaNa pR. 728 upara H jani haraNI pelI tyAMha, UMTa bahu jyAMya | ekalI re nava khAya jhAMkharAM teha | UMcI te nUre! dA dAdA dAdA dAla | dAladA dAla | dAladA dAdA A lAvaNamAM paNa vacamAM aSTakalasaMdhi che. narmadAzaMkaranA viravRttanI navInatA eTalI ja ke temaNe ekane badale be aSTakalasaMdhi mUkyA, jo ke tema karavAmAM uparanI lAvaNI karatAM tenuM saMgIta ochuM vaividhyavALuM bane che. kavi narmadAzaMkara eka jagAe (pR. 231 TIpa) kahe che: "mArA gharamAM savitAnArAyaNa evI kakakaDa rIte lAvaNI gAto ke tethI lAvaNIo gujarAtImAM karavAne mAruM mana lalacAyuM" surata kalagI terAnI kavitAsaMsthAne lIdhe lAvaNInuM dhAma hatuM,--atyAre e saMsthA zodhavI paDe tevI thaI gaI che. sadgata malabArI tyAMthI ja lAvaNuo zIkhelA. chatAM mane vahema jAya che ke A prakAranI lAvaNIo mULa dakSiNamAMthI ApaNA tarapha AvI heya.10 uparanA prakAranI padyaracanAo marAThImAM ghaNI jUnI che. , chele saMdhi ladAdA dAdA ne badale dAladA dAdA che te upara jaNavI game tema saMgItapradhAna racanAnI chUTa che. * 10 A bhAga chapAte hato tyAre, 1865 mAM kavi namazaMkare prakAzita karela narmagadyanI prata vAMcavA maLI temAM kavie lAvaNI vize thoDuM lakhyuM che te jotAM mArA A vidhAnane Take maLe che. A graMthamAM pR. 339me

Page #24
1. padyaracanAnA pheraphArI [ 17 gujarAtI sAhityamAM sauthI pahelI saMgrahAyelI lAvaNIyArAma kavinI 'hanumAna garuDa saMvAda'nI, ane dayArAmane marAThInA sArA paricaya hatA. kavi naCda peAte lAvaNI dakSiNInA ullekha kareche. eTale aSTakala saMdhi umerelI lAvaNInA prakAra kavi savitAnArAyaNa pAsethI na zIkhyA hoya te muMbaImAMthI zIkhyA hAya ane tenA saMkArAnA baLathI ekane badale e aSTakalasa`dhie badhI 5ktiomAM vadhArI temaNe vIravrutta karyu" hAya. arvAcIna kAlamAM ane te pahelAM paNa marAThInI ApaNA sAhitya upara ThIka ThIka asara hatI. mahI mIThuM' re me cAkhyuM mahiyArI tuM kriye gAma vasanArI tArA lAla kriyA che vihArI re... ,, tr e ekavAra ati lokapriya thayeluM nATakanuM gAyana dakSiNanA eka ati pracalita ane jUnA rAganuM anukaraNa che. zrIyuta narasi MharAva bhAinuM " suMdara ziva maMgala guNa gAuM zvarA e suMdaramukha tuMdila tanu na dikarA" e marAThI gItaneA rAha che te prasiddha che. dakSiNanI sattA nIce gujarAta hatA tyAre gujarAtanA brAhmaNAne dakSiNI brAhmaNA pAtA karatAM vadhAre saMskArI jaNAyelA, temAM kaika UgatA sUryanI pUjA kharI. ane pachIthI sarakAra, vepAra temaja vidyAnuM mukhya dhAma muMbaI anatAM, ApaNA AgaLa paDatA gujarAtIe tyAM gayA, ane svAbhAvika rIte temanA mana upara marAThI sAhityakalAnA saMskAre! paDayA ane tenI asara ApaNA kavi kahe che : " je hiMdustAnI gANAne ApaNe lAvaNI kahiye cheMce tene hiMdustAnI leAkA chaMda kahe che. hiMdustAnI lAvaNI ane mareDI lAvaNI e be judI ja tareha che. pAchalI gAyanamAM ja sArI zAbhe che paraMtu AgalI sAdhAraNa rIte kheAlAyAthI paNa dIlane khuza kare che," A AkhA lekha prasthAna savata 1989 nA ASADhanA akamAM pharI chApavA ApyA che. f

Page #25
18 ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAcasAhitya sAhitya upara paNa thaI. e ja asarathI bheALAnAtha sArAbhAI e alaMga gAyA, ane kAnte marAThI cAlanI sAkhIe ane aMjanI gItA racyAM. bhALAnAthabhAInA saMba MdhamAM vizeSa kAraNa e paNa hAya ke temaNe muMbainI prArthanAsabhAmAM gaMbhIra dharmabhAvanAnA abhaMge sAMbhaLyA hAya ane tethI teo amadAvAdanI prA nAsamAjamAM tevA salagA gAvA prerAyA haiAya. AvI asara sAhityanA ane jIvananA khIjA prAMtAmAM paNa thayela che. sarakArI nizALAmAM bhaNAvavAnAM pAThacapustakA prathama marAThImAM thayAM ane tenA gujarAtI tarajumAnAM ApaNAM pAThyapuratA thayAM. paheluM marAThI vyAkaraNa lakhAyuM ane pachI teneA tarajumA thaI gujarAtI vyAkaraNu banyuM te prathama ApaNI zALAomAM cAlatuM. 11 pahelAM nATakA marAThImAM bhajavAyAM, ane e marAThI kaMpanInAM nATakA ja kadAca sauthI pahelAM gujarAte joyAM,12 jenI asaranA avazeSa tarIke kadAca atyAre padma nATakanI zarUAtamAM sUtradhAra cakarI dakSiNI pAghaDI paherIne Ave che. marADInI ApaNA upara AvI asara thAya te te vakhate svAbhAvika hatuM. navAi te e che ke atyAre marAThI vAmayanI kAi paNa viziSTa asara nIce ApaNe chIe niha. jema narmadAzaMkare navA tarIke yeAjelu` vIravRtta' dvAvaNInA ja vistAra che, tema sadgata ha. ha. dhruve prayeAjela madhubhut vRtta paNa eka prakAranI lAvaNInA ja vistAra che. bannenA dAkhalA pAse pAse mUkavAthI te jAI Avaze. madhumRta vRtta rArka krANu cAtaka vijra vasameA dAha sahI meza caDavA caDhavI viNa kANu gALe virahanizA animeSa ? vinA cArI pA bhakSaNa zake kANa karI lesa ? 11. sAThInA sAhityanuM digdarzana, pR. 13-14. 16. prasthAna pR. 7, gujarAtI ra'gabhUmi, pR. 341.

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1. padyaracanAnA pheraphAro [ 19 te tene apu" huM viraha jvALAmukhI virahanI javALA thakI janaMtI!?! je na cakArI hoya te harinI jhAMkhI mATe talasatI ? hara he jhAMkho mATe talasaMtI. have emanI lAvaNano namUno laIe. hiMmata hAro marada ghaDI nA gaDha laDine levo le rasa lahejata bhara dhuMTaDe ghUMTaDe che ke. madhubhatamAM pahelI traNa paMktimAM ra7 mAtrAo che. chellI bemAM 28 che ane lAvaNanI dareka paMktimAM 26 mAtrA che. TUMkI paMktio che te AgalI paMktione doDhAyelo bhAga che ane chellI paMktimAM to zabdonuM paNa punarAvartana thayuM che. tethI vizeSa phera nathI. bIje phera hoya to te saMgItanA tattvane che narmadAzaMkaranI ane ha. ha. dhruvanI lAvaNImAM phera che te spaSTa dekhAya che. te sivAya aneka prakAranI lAvaNIo narmade vAparI che ane tenI jaya jaya garavI gujarAta nI lAvaNIno prayoga maNibhAI nabhubhAI vageree emanI pAchaLa karyo che. A bhinna bhinna prakAranI racanAomAM samAna tatva karyuM? A praznano javAba saMgItanA tAlamAMthI maLe che je mArA viSaya nathI ema meM pahelethI kahyuM che. narmadAzaMkare vIravRttane navuM vRtta kahyuM mATe mAre A prazna levo paDe, nahitara lAvaNI paNa saMgItapradhAna ja che. mArA eka saMgItA mitra jemane tabalAMne sAro abhyAsa che temanI sAthe carcA karatAM mane ema jaNAyuM che ke lAvaNe e kaI rAma nathI paNa eka prakAranA tAla che. e tAla ziSTa ke ustAdI saMgItane nathI. saMgItazA ane vyavasthita karanAra zrIyuta bhAtakhaMDenAM saMgItanAM pustakamAM e tAlanuM varNana nathI. tenI mAtrA mATha che ane tAla traNa che. pahelI trIjI sAtamI mAtrA para tAla paDe che-pAMcamI para khAlI jAya che. jema ApaNe rAsa hIMcake bhavAInA tAle ziSTa saMgItanA

Page #27
20 ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya na heI gujarAtanA dezya tAle che tema A lavaNa tAla paNa ziSTa saMgItano na hoI dakSiNane deya tAla che. tene teo dhumAlI tAla kahe che. vaLI anyatra sAMbhaLyuM che ke dAdarA ane khemaTanI kuta paddhati karavAthI A lAvaNano tAla thaI zake che. narmadAzaMkaranI peThe navalarAme paNa eka na chanda meghadUtanA bhASAntara mATe jo e paNa yugabala batAve che. upara temanuM avataraNa ApI huM batAvI gayo ke temane dezIomAM "prauDhi' na dekhAI, ane saMskRta vRtto lokone aparicita jaNAyAM tethI temaNe meghachanda . " tArUM gokuLa jevAne Ava re mathurAnA vAsI" e pracalita gItanI paMkitanA vistArathI temaNe pAMca paMktinI eka kaDI banAvI :- eka kubera taNe gaNuM rakSaNa roja kare phula bAga je guNavaMta sujANa catura sraraMgI premI athAga saMgIta rUpa saluNe nijapatnI padminI nAranuM pALe vrata peme che sahaja sugama rahevuM sadA prItinA neme. AmAMnI chellI be barAbara uparanA gItanI ja paMktio che. uparanI traNa paMktiomAM trIjIne svataMtra paMkita na gaNIe to cAle kAraNa ke te pahelI paMkitane deDhAvavAthI thayelI che ane gAvAmAM bIjI sAthe ja gavAya che. zrIyuta narasiMharAvabhAI kahe che ke e chanda e dezamAM besADavAne pite saphaLa thayA nathI. 13 mULa meM paMkti je lekagItanI che te lekagIta sAMbhaLyuM nathI. paNa A megha chanda gavAto sAMbhaLyo che ane huM mAnuM chuM ke te DhALa khare haze.14 13. manomukura pR. 313 14. meM zrI mahAdeva haribhAI desAIne gAtA sAMbhaLyA che. teo pitAnA pitA pAsethI zIkhelA ane temanA pitA sagata navalarAmabhAI pAsethI, evI mArI guruparaMparA che.

Page #28
1. padyaracanAnA pheraphAro [ 21 tenA gAnamAM saMskRta vRttanI "prauDhi" che ema to huM nathI kahI zakato. paNa mULa gItanA saMgItane temaNe suMdara vistAra karyo che ane temAM vividhya pUryuM che evI pratIti to thAya che. paNa A prazna paNa saMgItane ja che jene mArA viSayamAMthI meM bAda karyo che. gajhala vagerene prayoga paNa A Adhunika sAhityanA kAlamAM vadhyo che. paNa te prayogo vartamAna sAhityayugamAM prathama thayA ema nahi kahI zakAya. kRSNarAme kaLikALanuM varNana karyuM che temAM te phariyAda kare che ke : phAraziyAnA harapha vasyA vipranI vANe gajala rekhatA tarapha, gamatA dIThA gANe. gujarAtamAM 500 varasa pahelAM svataMtra musalamAnI rAjya rasthapAyeluM. ane ApaNuM mutsaddI kamene phArasI sAhityano sAro abhyAsa hato e prasiddha che. eTale gajala vagere chellAM 50-75 varasanAM ja hoya ema lAgatuM nathI. rekhatA bhavAImAM puSkaLa gavAya che ane jo ke bhavAImAM atyAre paNa umere puSkaLa thAya che te paNa rekhatA piNe varasanI te pahelAM bhavAImAM praveza pAmyA haze ema jaNAya che. e game tema hoya. gajhalano ziSTa sAhityamAM bahoLo prayoga e Adhunika yuganuM ja lakSaNa gaNAya. raNapiMgalamAM gajhalone sthAna maLyuM te paNa piMgalane svataMtra vikAsa sUcave che. atyAre gajhalenA aneka prakAro ghaNA ja saukaryathI ApaNA lekhako ane gAyaka prayojI zake che. tenAM mizraNe ane prAsamAM ApaNuM lekhakoe keTalAka navA prayogo karyA che. ' upara batAvyA pramANe, jema marAThI sAhityanI asarathI ApaNA sAhityamAM keTalIka navI padyaracanAo AvelI che tema baMgALI sAhityanA vadhatA jatA paricayathI paNa navI padyaracanAo ApaNA sAhityamAM praveza meLave che. baMgALI sAhityanI bIjI asaronI apekSAe A asara moDI thaI baMgALI navalakathAo

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22 ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya 1886 pahelAMthI gujarAtImAM utaravA mAMDI, tyAre baMgALI padharacanA mAtra thoDAM ja varaso upara gujarAtImAM AvI. tenuM kAraNa baMgALI bhASAnI khAsiyata che ema huM mAnuM chuM. baMgALI bhASAmAM kaMIka aMgrejI bhASA jevo prayatna (accent) che ane tenI bAula ne bIjA dezya DhALa ane gujarAtI DhALo vacce A uccArano maTe aMtarAya che. varatunA bhASAntara mATe pustakArUDha bhASAnuM jJAna basa che paNa kaI DhALanuM anukaraNa karavA mATe bolAtI bhASAno nikaTa paricaya joIe. baMgALIno A nikaTa paricaya, marAThI hiMdInI apekSAe ApaNA gujarAtIone naheto ja ema kahIe to cAle. e baheLo paricaya hamaNAM hamaNamAM thayo. zrIyuta mahAdevane mahAtmAjI sAthe anekavAra zAntiniketana javAnuM thayuM ane temaNe ja sauthI pahelAM "ekalo jAne' ane cintA karyo cAlaze nA' e gIta mULa rAhamAM utAryA. te pachI vivApITha sthapAtAM A saMbaMdha vadhyo ane tene pariNAme bIjI . racanAonuM anukaraNa zrI jhINAbhAI desAIe karyuM. temane eka ja dAkhalo mUkuM chuM - vasanta (ravi bAbunA "jadi tAre tAI ciniga ne DhALa) vINA nIrava jagADI A koNe? keNe Aje nUtana chaLe, bharyuM jIvana A Ananda - vasane vasate ? paSana vahe Atura gAne, jAge tRSA prANa prANe? kaLI jAge nUtana raMge bharI jIvana je Ananda - vasanta vasate !

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2. vRttonI cizcaya rAjAe '[ 23 AvI Atura gAne hadaya-dvAre Aje, AvI sakala ame hAre mAgyuM hAruM hRdaya-dhana re ! Aje kusuma zvAse ? koNa bolAve hiMga diganta bharI jIvana nUtana cha de vasate vasanta ! paNa A ane AnA jevA bIjA namUnA batAve che ke baMgALI DhALonAM anukaraNe nahi thaI zake. baMgALImAM je baLavAna prayatna Ave che tevo prayatna ApaNAmAM mUktA varSe jANe cagadAI jAya che. zrI jhINAbhAIe pote ja thoDA AvA prayatna karIne choDI dIdhA che. zrIyuta nagInadAsa pArekha anuvAdamAM A DhALone upayoga karatA nathI, eTale AvI padyaracanAonuM jhAjhuM anukaraNa thAya ema jaNAtuM nathI. ApaNAM ja gItonA layamAMthI piMgalanAM bIjene zodhI navA sAdA rUcikara mAtrAmeLa chando thaI zake ema huM mAnuM chuM paNa A mAro tarka che. tene mATe ghaNA prayogo thavAnI jarUra che. eTale ApaNuM kAvyasAhityamAM marAThImAMthI navA cha AvyA te ja navA che. bAkI narmadAzaMkare karela vIravRtta ke ha. ha. dhavane madhubhata e bIjA chabdonA vistAra ke vaicitryamaya racanAo ja che ane have te viSayane ApaNe vicArIzuM. vRttonA vistAranI ane mizraNanI vaicazyamaya racanAo indonI vicivyamaya racanAonuM pRthakkaraNa karavAmAM, mIyata ke. ha. dhruve "padyaracanAnA prakAre" upara je eka lekha ane

Page #31
4]. arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya 1908mAM prasiddha karyo tethI ghaNe prakAza paDe che. kharuM kahIe to piMgalanuM zAstrIya nirUpaNa A prayatnathI ja zarU thayuM che. te pahelAM piMgalanuM nirUpaNa gaNanA kRtrima vibhAgethI thatuM, jethI chandanA saMvAdanuM rahasya ane chandane vikAsa abhyAsane najare caDato nahoto. temanA e nirUpaNa pachI piMgaLanI carcAe navuM ja svarUpa lIdhuM che. mArA A viSayanA adhyApananA anubhavathI huM kahI zakuM chuM ke ApaNe zALAnA zikSaNa mATe paNa emanA ja dhoraNe piMgala banAvI abhyAsakramamAM mUkavuM joIe. dalapatarAmanA piMgale pitAnuM kAma have pUruM karyuM gaNIe to temAM dalapatarAmane anyAya thato nathI. " ApaNe gayA vyAkhyAnamAM lAvaNa vize prathama kahyuM che. te lAvaNanI ja eka saMvAdI racanA prathama joI laIe. e zrIyuta patIla'nA mArA paranA khAnagI kAgaLamAMthI huM mUkuM chuM. apasosa! himAcala, svarga sAtha hasanArA ! ziracaMdra zivanA sthAna, mahAbaLa! dIThe he nahIM tane, ho vIra, suNa yaza hArAra mahe nahi ja Atmane kAMI kRtAratha kIdho, tuja laI dazyanA hAva-anero mITho; e zuddha hadayanA saMta svastha sukhayAlI ! he hiMda bAluDAM kAja tyAga hA! lIdhe, hiMda rakSavA dharI pracaMDa samAdhI, he hiMda hitArthe, hindu hitArthe bhasma zarIre sAdhI. zrIyuta "patIla" Ane spenseriyana prayatnabandha tarIke mane kAgaLamAM oLakhAve che, te, ApaNe chandanA prayatnonI preraNA atyAre aMgrejI kAvyasAhityamAMthI meLavIe chIe tenA eka vizeSa purAvA tarIke nedhuM chuM.

Page #32
2. vRttonI vaizidhyamaya racanAo zrIyuta ke. ha. dhruvanI paddhatie lAvaNuonuM pRthakkaraNa karatAM keTalIkamAM mukhya bIja dAdA che e sahelAIthI samajAya ema che. te ja bIja savaiyAmAM paNa pradhAna che. A catuSkala dAdA bIja saMgItane ghaNuM anukUla che. ghaNuM geya racanAomAM e bIja pradhAna che. zrIyuta ke. ha. dhruve A pRthakkaraNa karI batAvyuM te pahelAM paNa ApaNA kavione A dAdA bIjanI zakyatAnuM bhAna thayuM hatuM. chandonA guNAkAra bhAgAkAra saravALA bAdabAkI karavAmAM rasa lenAra kavizrI nahAnAlAle vilAsanI zebhAnAM kAvyanI TIpamAM savaiyA vize kahyuM che ke "A DhALanuM bhaviSya AzAbharyuM ane UjaLuM lAge che." have A dAdA bIjanA ja vistAravALI keTalIka vicitra kRtionA dAkhalA kavizrI khabaradAranA kAvyamAMthI ApIza. temaNe kadAca Adhunika sarva kaviomAM sauthI vadhAre A jAtanI racanAo karI che. ane temanI pachI aneka kAvyalekhakee tenuM anukaraNa karyuM che je tenI saphaLatA batAve che. divya daH ame bharata bhUminA putro ama mAta purANu pavitra, re jenAM suMdara sUtro jhaLakAve ucca caritra, ama aMtarane uddezI karazuM hekara hameza ame dezI dezI dezI o divya amArA deza. adala chaMda : ke bulabula AvI, jhADe bezI, mIThuM gAnuM gAya, menA AvI madhura svaramAM uttara detI jAya.

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# ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya punarAvaLI alAudina khilajI java Avye ciMteAMDane jItavA daLa lAyeA, vI pratApa akha'Da atAvyA, kAnI Aja kyA te karIe kAnAM gAna thakI kura bharIe kAnI pratimA najare dharIe, mAra vasata evA kANu hateA naravIra ? mAra vasa'ta kAmaLa jenI adbhuta te zI ke hate! evA raNadhIra na dIThI pUrI bAdalavIra " badalavIra ! na dIThI pUrI kAMta madhurI pratimA zUrI raNa zAbhAveza bAdalavIra ! A sa`ne piMgaLanI saMjJAmAM mUkI vakhata levA irachatA nathI. kaMTAvanuM khIja paNa dAdA che. na`dAzaMkara kavie, sadgata geAvanarAme ane NibhAI nabhubhAI e (uttararAmacaritanA bhASAntaramAM ) kaTAvanI racanAe karI che. paNa zrI tribhuvana vyAse navIna prakAranAM peAtAnAM bAlakAvyeAmAM tene upayAga karyo che tene ekAda dAkhalA joI eH khArAM khAsa Usa jevAM mAM AchAM tela pANI duniyA upara evAM pANI relamachela ! Are ke AvArA nahi, pALake parathArA nahi, sAmeA teA kinArA nahi, patharAyA e jaLasAra sabhara bharyAM ! me' AgaLa kahyuM ke navI navI padyaracanA karavAnI preraNA agrejI

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2. vRttonI cidhyamaya racanAo 2. [ 27 padyaracanAnI samRddhi jevAthI thayelI che. upara zrI khabaradAranI keTalIka racanA mUkI che ane have pachI mUkIza temAMthI keTalIkamAM te kavie pote aMgrejI cAlanuM anukaraNa karyuM che ema spaSTa kaheluM che. zrI tribhuvana vyAsanA prayatnamAM preraNA aMgrejInI che ema nahi kahI zakAya. temaNe joyuM ke jUnA samayathI cAlyAM AvatAM bAlakAvyo ke joDakaNuM ghaNAMkharAM kaTAvamAM che, ane pachI ApaNA kavioe vartamAna samayamAM siddha karelI vRttasamRddhi ane muktinA vAtAvaraNamAMthI preraNA laI temaNe navA prayogo karyA, ane te saphaLa thayA che. zrIyuta khabaradAranI evI ja bIjI vaicitryamaya-racanA harigItanI che. AvI nAnI vAtane moTuM ItihAsanuM nAma ApavuM huM pasaMda karato. nathI. chatAM chandonI AkRtio dhIme dhIme kema badalAya che tene eka aNuzuddha dAkhalo A harigIta che mATe te vize thoDuM kahuM chuM. paraMparAthI cAlato Avato harigIta, zrI ke. ha. dhruvanI paribhASAmAM nIce pramANe che - auda dAladA dAla lAla dalapatarAme harigItanuM A ja svarUpa svIkAryuM che. AmAMthI pahelA bIjanA tAla rahita dAne narmadAzaMkare cheDI dIdhuM ane 28 ne badale 26 mAtrAno harigIta karyo. 1860 nA piMgaLa pravezamAM teo kahe cheH "harigItanAM baMdhAraNamAMne niyama mAre na rAkhela che." A narmadAzaMkarI harigItane pachIthI viSama harigIta nAma maLyuM. te pachIthI AnI ghaNuM racanAo thaI che, jemAM ghaNuM mane hara che. paNa A vize eTaluM kahevuM prApta thAya che ke eka ja kaDImAM kAI paMkti sAdA ane kAI viSama harigItanI nAMkhavAthI paThanamAM khalana thAya che. te pachI zrIyuta narasiMharAve A harigIta uparathI eka 1 dAkhalA tarIke: "aDakaNa daDakaNa, dahinAM TAMkaNa, dahIM daDUke, pIla pAke, zrAvaNa mahine, vele cAle ... .. " A joDakaNuM, aneka pAThAntare sAthe, gujarAtanA ghaNA bhAgamAM bolAya che, te vaTAva che.

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28] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya -bIju saMvAdI svarU5 ryuM jenuM nAma temaNe khaMDa harigIta pADyuM che. temaNe narmadAzaMkara harigItanuM svarUpa jarA judI rIte mUkI batAvyuM - jane harigIta - dAdAladA dAdAladA dAdAladA dAdAladA narmadAzaMkarI dAladAdA dAladAdA dAladAdA dAladA te uparathI khaMDa harigIta - 1 dAladAdA dAladA dAladAdA dAladA dAladAdA dAladA dA dAladAdA dAladAra te uparAMta zuddha harigItanAM bIjonI aneka vicityamaya racanAo thAya che je mizra harigIta gaNAya che. A prayoga pahelo koNe karyo te jANumAM - nathI. paNa AnA pahelA prayogo sata bAburAvanA sane 1900mAM lakhelA "snehanuM svapna" e kAvyamAM, zrI nhAnAlAla kavinA keTalAMka kAvyo bhA. 1 lAnAke ghaMTArava" kAvyamAM ane zrI khabaradAranA meghane e kAvyamAM che, jemAMno eka khaMDa huM nIce utAruM chuM. o megha vRSTi lAvaje tuja rela ahiM relAvaje gaDagaDa karI bhaDabhaDa karI raNavAdya tuja vagaDAvaje!2. juo "ghuvaDa" kAvya upara TipaNa nUpurajhaMkAra. A kAvya prathama prasiddha saM. 1963 mAM. 3. A racanA mATe mizra harigIta nAma mane yogya lAgatuM nathI. temAM harigItathI itara kaI chandanA bIjanuM mizraNa nathI. huM to Ane paNa khaMDa harigItanI eka viziSTa racanA kahuM, kemake AmAM harigItanI AkhI paMktine badale tene eka khaMDa Avelo che. juo TIpa 5. mAM khaMDa zikhariNI vizenI carcA. 4. prasiddha sane 1903.

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2. vRttonI vaicitryamaya racanAo dharaNI vize kaMI tApanA saMtApa che pUMThe paDaDyA manaharamukhI kaMI pApa che? e sarvane tuja relamAM ghasaDI jai hemAvaje o megha kara kara vRSTi ! dUra dUra sarva e kahevaDAvaje. saMrakRta vRttonI paNa AvI vicitramaya cAru racanAo thaI che, temAM mukhya toTaka Ave che. toTakanuM bIja lalaga che. teno pahelo prayoga kadAca kAte - nahi te kaI delavAca nayano paNa nirmala neha saravara sArasayummasamAM paripUrNa dayArasa e jakhamI dilanAM zayane. kalAmAM prathama navo rasto paDatAM vAra lAge che, paNa eka vAra rasto paDyA pachI te mArge pragati ekadama thavA mAMDe che. A lalagA bIjanA A pachInA dAkhalA suMdara citryavALA ane madhuralalita saMgItavALA ekadama thavA mAMDyA. prathama zrI nhAnAlAla kavine keTalAMka kAvya bhA. 1 lAne dAkhala ApuM - Ave azvayutho ! zida vyartha maLe? nahIM cakra caDuM nabha maMDaLane rasa koyalaDI timire che bUDI cumI bhAvi samA jaga aMcaLane. zubha ma prabhA hamane zubha he, timire ama AtmavihAra rahe. kSitije namatuM ja jhINuM paDyuM, jhulatuM jhulatuM ubharAI gayuM; paNa je ! vratanI saritA atale hasatI ramatI ratRpti jhIle.

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10 ] . - arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya ghana! jA, ayi! jA, tuja tAMDava ghora samuM kadI huM nahIM nRtya kare; jarI je! tamarAjanI pAMkhya nIce jaga rAcI rahela huM kema Dare? bIjA dAkhalA zrIyuta khabaradAranAM kAvyomAMthI lauM chuM. adala cheda jagamAM bahu suMdaratA saracha mahuvAra chatAM mananI marajI madhurAM phulaDAM saune varajI tuja zuM banI ghelI, nirakhe nirakhe tujane ja ahIM, nahi daSTi kare sthaLa anya kahI tuja maha samo kaMi moha nahIM phularANI camelI ! * maNi cheda rajanI UbhI Abha tIre vaLa sarva bhare timira vanamAM saghaLuM guMcavAI gayuM, paDayuM vAcasa pIi zire. TikanI navI racanA jema prathama kA karI tema khaMDa zikhariNInI racanA paNa pahelI temaNe ja karI che:- (b) vaMda rivarijI nA nava ghora jotAM, vaLI nacavaje kAnta cautaDAM, namerI chAyAno vikaTa tava ghero ghaTa thaze, caLAtI jyotsnAno maNimaya prIti paMtha dopaze. 5. A hakIkta meM prathama pUrvAlApanA dudhAta pR. 46 me lakhI. te upara zrI narasiMharAva Gujarati Language and Literature Vol. II pR. 288-89 me eka noTamAM lakhe che. prasaMga khaMDazikhariNIne che, huM dAkhalo ane noTa bane utAruM chuM:

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2. vRttonI vaicitryamaya racanAo vo haiye tAre? rahyo e AdhAre: priye temAM mAre praNaya duniyAMthI nava thayo navA saMbaMdhone samaya rasabhIne paNa gayo. ( Manimaya Senthi, by Nhanalal D. Kavi., Kotalank Karyo, Part 1 pp. 62-63). Note :--This combination was first devised by Manisbankars R. Bhatt; so claims Mr. Ramnarayan Pathaka in his introduction to Purvalapa (collection of Manishankrra's poems) at p. 46 thereof. The claim is based on the poem entitled udgara. A look at it, however, shows that it is a further combination of 37727 FCT fraftoft (which I shall soon illustrate) and the khaMDa zikhariNI of Nhanalal's Manimaya Senthi. This pare khaMDa zikhariNo came into being in this Poem in 1898 and in Narsinhrao's poems in A. D. 1907. (c) abhyasta zikhariNIH priye pAdAmbuje, hale thArA oje, vidhAte ! gebI e tava sutanu ! AchA rasarUpe samarpalu leje jIvana rasakhoLe, anupame ghanavibhavamA vidyuta haseH .. jaladhijalamAM ko nadI laseH U~ce vyomAntamA jhaLahaLato jyoti U~? vaseH sakhi hArI mUrti hRdayabhavane ema vilase. (Indakumara, Act. I scone II pp. 27-28 by Nhanalal D. Kavi) Note:-Mr. Nhanalel like Manishankara Bhatte in his poem, Udgara, has combined here abhyasta with khaMDa zikhariNI, the first

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3ra ! arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya. nahi tadapi kaga mujane : nayana nirakhe mAtra tujane hare daSTi vahAlI, sadaya mRdu tArI ja rujane. hall of this stanza being 37+ZET Frafit and the second che being as rivariLI. AmAM maNizaMkare khaMDa zikhariNI pahelo lakhyo ane kavizrI nahAnAlAle pachI lakhyo, e pauvaparyane prazna hoya to eTaluM ja kahevAnuM ke "ugAra" kAvya 1890 mAM lakhAyeluM hatuM (juo pUrvAlApa, kAvyAnI AnupUva pR. 94) ane "maNimaya seMthI" ( zrI. narasiMharAva kahe che te. pramANe) 1898 mAM lakhAyuM. eTale udgAra paheluM lakhAyuM temAM saMdeha nathI. udgAranI padyaracanA zuddha khaMDa zikhariNuM nahi paNa abhyasta zikhariNI ane khaMDa zikhariNI bannenuM mizraNa che evuM vaktavya hoya paNa e dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM che ke zrI narasiMharAva jene khaMDa zikhariNI ane abhyasta zikhariNI evAM be rUpo kahe che te bemAMthI eka paNa ka6 gAra pahelAM astitva dharAvatuM nahotuM, ane te pachI thayAM. A uparathI anumAna kADhavuM hoya te evuM nIkaLe ke maNizaMkara mAtra khaMDa zikhariNInA ja nahi paNa abhyasta zikhariNInA paNa pahelA prayojaka hatA. zrI. narasiMharAvanI carcA mAtra paribhASA pUratI ja hoya. temanuM vaktavya eTaluM ja hoya ke caraNa: aMdaranA yatithI zikhariNInA je be khaDe paDe che temane pahelA ja bevaDAyA hoya tyAre tene asta zikhariNI kahe ane bIje vaDA hoya tyAre tene khaDa zikhariNI kahe. evI nAmagyavasthA rAkhavI hoya to temAM mAre eTaluM ja kahevAnuM ke udgAranI padyaracanAne saMvAda eka samagra che, jema indravajI ane upendravajAnA mizraNathI thato upajAti no cha che, e chanuM mizraNa nathI, tema Ane, khaMDa ane abhyarata zikhariNInuM mizraNa kahevAne badale eka nAma khaMDa zikhariNI ApIe to sAruM. kAnta pote tene e nAma ApeluM che (pUrvAlApa prathama AvRtti pR. 48 ), ane e nAma khoTuM nathI. khaMDa zikhariNuM eTale jemAM zikhariNInI AkhI patine badale tene eka khaMDa ja vaparAya che, pachI te yati pahelAM khaMDa hoya ke yatinI pachInA khaDa hoya. e bane khaMDene ApaNe pRthakkaraNathI judA oLakhI zakIzuM

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2. vRttonI vaicitryamaya racanAo [ 32 A prayoga ghaNuM ja priya thaI gayo ane tene upayoga thI -hAnAlAla narasiMharAva ane bIjAoe paNa karyo che. thoDA vakhata para prasiddha thayelA zrI sundaramanA eka kAvyamAMthI tene jarA judA prakArano eka dAkhalo ApuM chuM. pravAho AcherA, kadI UMDA gherA, vahetA jhAjherA tava guNa nadInA uchaLatA mahA vidhAraNa, taTa taruvare gAna karatA samUhe pakSInA, madhu kalara na bharatA pathika laI vizrAnita TharatA. maMdAkrAntAnA khaMDenI paNa citra racanAo thaI che jeno mAtra eka ja dAkhale keTalAMka kAvyo bhA. 1 lAmAMthI ApuM chuM. ' dhIrA dhIrAM, DAM ghera sukha suhavatA, varSanAM duHkha vItyAM, nAke AvyuM, nA kaI phahAvyuM gata priyajane, AdratA zuM nathI tyAM? anAvRtta saMdhivALAM saMskRta vRttone paNa vistAra thaI zake che. mahAkAvyonA TIkAkAra mallinAthe eka chandane mahAmAlinI kahelo e kharuM paNa tene saMvAda to eka ja che. chatAM, tenuM nAma zuM rAkhavuM e mAre mana e mahattvano prazna nathI. zikhariNInI vicitra racanAo ja batAvavAne mAro ahI uddeza che. ane temAM maNizaMkaranI ugAranI racanA prathama che eTaluM ja mAruM ahIM vaktavya che. 6. mallinAthe koI piMgalane AdhAre mahAmAlinI nAma ApeluM che paNa e chattvanuM svarUpa jotAM temAM mAlinIno vistAra nathI jaNAta. mane te te eka prakArane daMDaka ja jaNAya che. mallinAthe zizupAlavadhanA 11 mAM sarganA chellA 67mA zlokanA vRttane mahA mAlinI kahela che. te zlokanuM chelle caraNa nIce pramANe che. tava varada karotu suprAtamahAmayaM nAyakaH // ane tenuM lakSaNa malinAtha nIce pramANe Ape che. yadiha nayugalaM tato vedarephaimahAmAlinI //

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4] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya che e ema batAve che ke chandAnA vistArathI navA chanda thAya che te pahelAM paNa paricita hatu. nIce huM kavizrI nhAnAlAlanAM kAvyeAmAMthI vasa MtatilakAnA vistAranA eka dAkhale| ApuM chuM. vItyA kaMika divase prabhu ! thArI kuje, vItI aneka caDI thArI smRti vidveANI; pi'galanI sa'jJAmAM tene nIce pramANe mukAya. lalala lalala gAlagA gAlagA gAlagA gAlagA arthAt AmAM che. nagaNa ane cAra gaNu Ave che. mAlinInu' svarUpa nIce pramANe che lalala lalala gAgA | gAlagA gAlagAgA annene sarakhAvatAM mAlUma paDaze ke mAlinInA eka paNa khaDa mahAmAlinImAM nathI. mAlinIne aMta paNa nathI. mAlinInA khIjA khaMDamAM gAlagA Ave che ane te pachI gAlagAgAmAM paNa gAlagA najare paDe che e kharuM paNa e khaDanA saMvAdanuM rahasya gAlagAnuM Avartana nathI, paNa gAlagA pachI gAlagAgA thI upasahAra thAya che te che. benI vacce samAna aNu mAtra eTalA ja che ke bannemAM pahelA be nagaNa Ave che. mallinAthe kayA grantha mAMthI pramANa utAyuM che. te jANamAM nathI paNa piMgalanA indra:zAstramAM tene nArAja kahela che tenu lakSaNa nArAE nau hai maiM // 7 - 17 || e sUtramAM Apela che. tenA udAharaNamAM raghuva'zanA 12 mAsanA chelleA 104 thA leAka utAryAM che. navAInI vAta che ke A blekanI TIkAmAM mallinAtha vRttanu' nAma ApatA nathI. A aaa uparanA peAtAnA agrejI TippaNamAM nandayagira cAritravadha namAMthI avataraNa ApI vRttanu nAma tArAva Ape che--haiM nanaravatughna tArAmAkSate paNa te pachI tenu nAma tArA athavA tArA kaheluM che--vijAtinanI ro mavetAM raho tAravA. pazu mAnu nAma game te ApIe paNa tenuM baMdhAraNa tAranuM ja che. 'DamAM pahelA be nagaNa Ave che ane pachI raga athavA yagaNanAM Avata nA cAle che. ( juA ArTanA kASa ) Ane daMDaka na hevAnu eka ja kAraNa che ke daMDamAM ra0 ke tethI vadhAre akSarA bedaie; AmAM 18 ja che. bAkI badhI rIte A ragaNAtmaka DanuM nAnuM rUpa che.

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2 vRttonI vaicitryamaya racanAo hAre pade ravinI ma`Dala te janmayoga gIta gujatI aAja prathama traNa 5 ktie vasantatilakAnI che vistAra che. 14 vaSa~nA vasantatilakAnA varNInA e khaDA karatAM uttara khaMDamAM paDelA che te pahelAM eka gAlala sadhi umereleA che je nIce me lITI karelI che. Anu rUpa mane eTalu kavizrIe paNa e ja sthale te vAparI tene U ema jaNAya che. AvI ja rIte preA, Indravandrane labAgyeA che:-- rAsa khele [ 35 smRti jagAve. ane chellImAM tene madhyamAMthI sAta sAta gAlala saMdhi Ave sa vAdI nathI lAgatu. prayAga paDayA mUkayA ThAkAre eka jagyAe vahyA pachI be traNa rAja jevA, e dhAra e Toca, atulya gaDhI adhAre bIje dhasAre sara 4 gayAM ne sAte maLyA tyAM zakha mahita joDa dere. ahI upajAti vRtta che. paheluM caraNa upendravajrAnu che, trIjuM indravajAnu che. bIjuM ane ceAthu laMbAvelA indravAtuM che. ahIM paNa IndravajUnA 5 ane 6 akSarAnA e khaDA karatAM uttara khAMDanA pahelA lalagA bIja pahelAM eka lalagA umerAyuM che. ane ahIM paNa A vistArathI vRttamAM jarA zaithilya AvatuM jaNAya che, jo ke te nirvAdya che. eka khIjuM : A mahendravajAnI paMktimAM pAMcame guru che tyAM lallu mUkavAthI pa Mkta barAbara vasantatilakAnI thaI rahe che. sAthe sAthe kavizrIne eka bIjo prayAga, jete e teA hariNImAMthI sAdhelA kahe che te jotA jaIe. e prayeAga, temaNe ApelA vana pramANe besADavAnA meM prayatna karyAM hatA paNa riNIne savAda mUlabhUta rAkhatAM te esate| nahAtA. zrIyuta ke. ha. dhruve mane te samajAvyA che ane e rIte te eka harigIta athavA gajhalanI

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36 ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya cAla gaNAya tevA jaNAyA che. vasantAtsavanA aNu kAvyamAM te prathama vaparAyA cheH ---- nayana ughaDayuM peluM ejasvI navala prabhAtanuM', jagata bharatuM vhAlA ! jo teja udhaDe tAtanu'; nava vasantAnilanA pamare parAga alaukika, virala vibhUti vadhe suranAtha Adhidaivika. piMgalanI sanAmAM tenu svarUpa nIce pramANe thAya che. dAladAdA dAMDA ! dA dAladAdA dAladA vacamAM daMDa mUkyA che tyAM yati che. te sAmAnya yuti karatAM kaMika vadhAre lAMmA che. hiraNImAM paDelA pAMca laghu Ave che tevA AmAM prathama dRSTie jaNAze paNa AkhA kAvyanuM aMdhAraNa vicAratAM evA niyama rahyo nathI e samajAze. pre!. DhAkAre yeAjelA gulama kI chanda cAmaranA gAla bIjanI athavA nArAca chaMdanA lagA bIjanI citraracanA che. navA lekhakAmAM e ThIka praya thaI che. paNa chandanI TUMkI cAla jotAM. guru laghunuM dRDha khaMdhana jotAM, vaividhyatA anavakAza ane saMgItaneA asabaMdha jotAM tenuM kSetra vizAla thaI zake ema lAgatuM nathI. vaividhya mATe vacamAM vacamAM eTalI TUMkI pa ktio karavI paDe ke temAM prAse! meLavavA dudhaTa thaI ya. chatAM keTalIka racanAe A chandamAM maneAhara caI che, mAtra eka ja racanAnuM dRSTAnta laIza. deva AlamAM hame sukhe dinA vitatAM, hamAru jhAjha ne hume; na anyanAM kadI thatAM, paraMtu Aja kAla kApiyA nanI prA'Da maccha; ne sukAnI zI priyAtaNe! banyA naThAra grasta. jAya AMkha ne pAya Aja pAMkha. have Iya dIlane thaze na ekalAM nirAMta

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2. vRttonI cisyamaya racanAo bhUtakALa DArate banI karALa; nAMkhIne rasRtinI jALa. jamiyatarAma kRpAzaMkara paMDayA prasthAna pu. 7 pR. 15 uparathI. pro. ThAkora "ApaNI kavitA samRddhi mAM gajachandanI dha le che, ane tene lalita chandanI sAthe sarakhAve che paNa e chanda mane te kutavilaMbitanA saMvAda parathI yojAyo jaNAya che. tahi caDI paDatuM muktAM maLe nRpatinuM pada bhAvanA phaLa piMgala saMjJA - la lalagA lalagAlalagA lagA katavilaMbita la lalagA lalagA lagA lagA gajachanda kUtavilaMbitane, prAraMbhathI AThamo varNa la gajachandamAM choDI dIdhe che eTalo ja phera che. ane kAvyamAM jyAM jyAM A gaja paMkti AvI che tyAM tyAM te kavilaMbitanI paMktio sAthe AvI upajAtio race che eTale ene kutavilaMbita sAthe ja saMbaMdha che ema jAya che. paNa prazna koI mahattvanuM nathI. A gaja chaMdanA dAkhalAthI samajAya che ke AkhA sadhinA uddharaNane badale sadhine jarA khaMDita karIne paNa navI racanAo karI zakAya che. nIce ene maLato eka dAkhalo che. ThAkaranA aMjanI gItano ApuM chuM - khaMbhALe rahetI'tI hAnI jAnaiyA AvyA helANI, eka bhUrakI nAkhI chAnI, -- kevI, nhAnI ? ahIM aMjanInA chellA caraNamAMthI eka dA kADhI lIdhe che. bIcArI aMjanI! teno cethA paga TUMkA to hato ja, jarA vadhAre TUMka tha.!

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38 ]. arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya A arvAcIna sAhityanI bIjI viziSTatA meM chandomAM mizraNathI thatI citra racanAo kahI che. AvuM paheluM mizraNa, huM jANuM chuM tyAM sudhI zrI narasiMharAve kareluM che. "divya gAyakagaNanA kAvyamAM sinthanI uktimAM upajAti vasaMtatilakAnuM mizraNa che tArA gaNene muja vALamAMhi parevI aMdhAra vize ja kAMI gAju karI nRtya pracaMDa gAme sevuM huM te paznapUrUSa e vidhAne. indravaja upendravajA ane vasantatilakA eka ja prakAranAM vRtto che ane tethI svAbhAvika rIte ja eka zlokamAM tenuM mizraNa saMvAdI banI jAya che. AnA karatAM vadhAre jaTila eka prayAga sundaramane che te nIce TAMkuM chuM - e gIta dhArA saMgIta dhArA pracaMDa rahetI tava kaMThathI je, ne AMgaLI rAgahare guMthI je, e miSTa ne bhadra prasanna gANuM UgyAM sukunta priya pAThaka kaika kahANa. pahelAM hatuM nA hamaNAM thatuM nA e gIta kyAMthI pragaTayuM na jANuM, e preraNuM jIvananI zI mAnuM ? anaMtanuM gIta agamya nyAruM gAi gayuM ghaDika, pAThaka ! bIna tAruM, zlekanI pahelI be paMktio indravajanA paMcavaNuM khaMDanI banelI che, paNa te khaMDanI svataMtra paMkti banatAM tene akSarameLane badale mAtrAmeLa karyo che te dhyAnamAM AvyuM haze.

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2. vRttonI vaicitryamaya racanAo [ # AvI ja rIte zAlinI vaizvadevI maMdAkrAntA agdharA eka ja prakAranAM vRtto che ane tenAM paNa sulabha mizraNA thayAM che. e ja dAkhalA ApIzaH~~~ kA snehI kerA ranehanA kuMja Are, akhaMDa jyeAsnA neharANI padhAre, ne ekTI e sneha je jhajhUme, madhyAkAze tyama sutanu te candrIeAkI dhUme. ahIM vaizvadevIne jarA aniyamita karIne tenI sAthe lAMbI lITIne mandAkrAntA bheLavyeA che. A AkhA sAneTa AvI nA bahu, uralaharie saumya ne sAtinI e lAvI haiye sadAye, praNaya jharaNIe mAdhurI jJAnta citte. zrIyuta rAmameAhanarAyane saMdgata kAMta vizene sadharA mandAkrAntAnuM sundara mizraNa che. zrIyuta * patIla" mA zAlinI-sadharAnA eka ja dAkhalA ahIM Apauza, kAraNa ke khIjA AgaLa ApavA paDaze. niHsalye!mAM e mahAsatya eka ! sarmAMmAM je sare che sadAyaH dhArI sattA mAnuSAthI vizeka, revA ! gItA zAM tuM hameza gAya. jenAM sAcAM rahasyA kaThaNa samajavAM leAkanesa thAya. A zleAkanA prAse| zailInA Skylark kAvyanA prAseAnA anukaraNamAM ceAjyA che. bIjo eka dAkhalA presa. DAkArane lau chuMH AvyAM vege varasa dhasatAM sAhaseAtsAha karAM haiyuM jhaMkhe amita ataLAM UDavAM khUDAM jyAM varSAbhInI dharatI sTuTatI jema devA tuM rele kAMThA zeke, upavanavane khetarA gAma veDa, tAye daitI rasasa navAM jIvane hAtha mhoLe che nA sRSTi vize ke kSaNika tadapi tAcha juvAnInI DhAle.

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40 ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya ahIM maMdAkrAntA ane tragdharAnuM suMdara mizraNa che. pre|. dAkAra pote kahe che tema A eka rIte kavinI kaseATI che. upara ApelA dAkhalAmAM eka ja prakAranA saMvAdanAM vRttonuM mizraNa che. paNa bhinna saMvAdavALAM vRttonAM mizraNeAnI paNa saMvAdI racanAo thaI che. preA. TAkAranA ja eka dAkhaze! lai e. x x A zAnta prADha paNa tA ja saMdhyA sugADha mRdu rAgathI jo zI lasanta taru nIra janasthalImAM, spande spandre nitaratI hitAmbAra lIlAvalImAM V devi, evI tuM paNa zubha dherA bharI sthAyi rAge hu' teA kevala ziva sama, kharo. teAya nA dezya bhAge teM akriya kANa gaNe ja ka sa"sAra ApaNu taNI tuM ja paDI upamAvila e x khIlanta aura citta cAra: kharI - nA? le hu* ce mu' jo jAya e uDI bhaLe ahIM vasantatilakA sAthe maMdAkrAntAnuM mizraNa che. evA ja khI dAkhalA emane ja pahIM vAdaLIe. vasaMtatilakA-sragdharAnA cheH-- x x X tA hai sahAdara vaDA bhaNakAra A je, bhaiyA ucha ga ramatAM, chaDatAM, paDatAM; mayA taNAM sukhadukhAsitA lahantAM, maiyA mukhe jigaranI chalakA chavAtI, te joi pUrI adhurI manane DubantAM- ke* zAnti zuddhi mahIM prApta prasannabiccha kaiMka A hRdaya sparza thakI ja ra -- jevA jevA jhIlAyA, W svajana muja kharA apu" sasneha tevA,

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2. vRttonI vaicitryamaya racanAo [ so A banne bhinna prakAranAM vRttonu mizraNa paNa kema saMvAdI thAya che te vicArIe. traNeyanAM baMdhAraNa upara dRSTi karavAthI kaMIka prakAza paDe che. traNeyanAM piMgaLa-khALiyAM nIce pramANe che. vasantatilakA--gAgAlagA lalalagA lalagA lagAgA mandAkAntA gAgAgAgA lalalavA gAlagA gAlagAgA sragdharA--gAgAgAgAlagAgA lalalalalalagA gAlagA gAlagAgA traNeyanA prAraMbhamAM gAgA . ane traNeyanA aMtamAM gAlagAgA che. traNeyane upADa ane upasaMhAra sarakhA che. traNeyamAM cheDe prAsa meLavI zakAya che. paNa A mArce dekhADI zakAya tevA saMvAda uparAMta traNeyamAM eka sUkSma saMvAda paNa mate jaNAya che jethI A mizraNA prasAdamaya bane che. AvA khAdya saMvAda dekhADI na zakAya tevA e dAkhalA ApuM chuM. banne kavizrI nhAnAlAlanA che. eka anuSTupa indrazAnA mizraNanA ane bIjo zAlinI-anuSTupaneH-- ane cethI jeTale Ave kuvArA pANI prazna vyakti taNAM nRpAlamAM teTalA UMcA De prajAnI parAja bhaktinA hADe hADe sU`o teja DhALe, rAtre rAtre 'drikA candra ceALe, anantA yuganAM Ave anantAM teja chAMya je, e ja sarakAra sarvasva prAnI saskRti hale ! huM mAnuM chuM ke kAI paNa TUMkI paMktivALA chandanuM anuSTupa sAthe AvuM subhaga mizraNa thAya. vedamAM AvAM mizraNe| thayAM che paNa vene ApaNane abhyAsa eche| hAvAthI AvA prayAgA thatA nathI. A badhA prayAge! joyA pachI eka prazna rahe che, kru prAsA vinA AvAM mizraNAnA prayAgeA thaI zake ? hajI sudhInA dAkhalA

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jara ] avAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya to lagabhaga badhA prAsabaddha che. prAsa vinAnA prayogo jovAmAM Ave to kaMIka samajAya. paNa anuSTrapanA upara kahela mizraNa saMbaMdhI te vedanA daSTAnta uparathI kahI zakAya ke prAsa vinA paNa evuM mizraNa zobhe. ahIM sudhI joyelA badhA dAkhalA saMskRta vRttonAM mizraNanA che. mAtrAmeLa chanAM mizraNanA ghaNA cheDA dAkhalA che. sauthI pahele ane eTale ja prasiddha dAkhala zrI derAsarInA bulabulane che jemAM sAkhI ane gajhalanuM suMdara mizraNa che. banyo huM premane baMde - bIje ce nahI ghadho ! kAmakAja sUjhe nahIM, mana preme mazagUla tuM muja suMdara gItaDuM, huM tAruM bulabula, enA anukaraNamAM bAlAzaMkaranuM "yAra zirAjhI', laMbANa bhaye nathI utArato. AvA mizraNane sauthI jaTila dAkhalo zrI. ke. ha. dhruvanA "kalama karanAra vanamALInA uddhAra" kAvyane ane "kavi cakAranI laganI'nA kAvyane. A paikI bIjA upara "ApaNI kavitA samRddhi 'nA TippaNamAM vigatavAra pRthakkaraNa karI TIpa ApI che eTale ahIM vizeSa kahetA nathI. mAtra eTaluM kahIza ke mAtra pRthakakaraNathI saMvAda samajAto nathI. vAraMvAra paThanathI ja saMvAda samajAya che, ane AvAM kAvyono saMvAda samajAvA mATe hajI vadhAre dAkhalAnI jarUra che. - A badhA dAkhalAmAM joI zakAyuM haze ke ApaNe prAsanuM vaiciya paNa hamaNAM puSkaLa sAdhyuM che. pahelAM paNa kavio prAsathI vicitya sAdhatA. udAharaNa tarIke ratnezvare mAlinInA khaMDonA prAsa sAdhyA che. jema ke - kRza tanu mana bhAge, hArane bhAra lAge, viraha vikaLa thAye, aMga sUkAtuM jAye,

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2 vRttonI vicitryamaya racanAo [ kA nipaTa mana na hase, AMsuDAM aMga sI re, zazi thakI chabI AMhI ArasI neTa mAMhI.7 temaja premAnaMde paNa paMkitanI aMdara prAsa meLavyA che. jema ke - vaidarbho vAmA raMka rAmA ekalaDI vanamadhya bhaya gharaze ne phATI maraze jIvyAnI TaLI avadhya. paNa hAlanA kavioe prAsamAM judA prakAranuM vicivya sAdhyuM che. enI preraNuM pAchI aMgrejI kAvyonI ja che. upara batAvyA te prAsomAM prAsavALI paMkitao ke khaMDe. avyavahita-aDoaDa che-temanI vacamAM bIjI paMkitao ke khaMDa AvatA nathI. aMgrejI racanAmAM be prAsa vacce eka ke aneka paMkitao AvI zake che, khAsa karIne seneTamAM paMkitao ADI avaLI aneka rIte prAsathI joDI zakAya che ane evI kRtio gujarAtI kAvyomAM paNa thavA lAgI che. A saMbaMdhI eka prazna rajU karavA rajA lauM chuM. babbe traNa traNa paMkitane aMtarAye prAsa maLatA hoya evI paMktio vAMcI juo, ane pachI vicAro ke emAM zravaNasaMskAromAM prAsenuM anusaMdhAna thAya che kharuM ? aMgrejImAM thAya che tyAre ApaNane gujarAtImAM kema na thAya ema vicAra na karaze. potAnA saMskAranuM ja pRthakkaraNa karIne nirNaya karo. mAre namra mata e che ke eTalA dUranA prAsenuM anusaMdhAne thatuM nathI. vAkayamAM jema AkAMkSA sAthe saMnidhinI AvazyakatA che, tema huM mAnuM chuM prAsamAM paNa che. prAsa eka prakAranI AkAMkSA utpanna kare che, ane e AkAMkSAthI paMkitaomAM eka navA prakAranuM ekatA Ave che ane e AkAMkSAnI tRptine arthe paNa saMnidhinI jarUra che. vAMcatAM A prAse najare joIne samajI zakAya che, paNa kAvya e vAcanane viSaya nathI, zravaNano che. e manamAM vaMcAtuM hoya tyAre paNa tenI sAcI parIkSA karNathI ja karavAnI che. A ja 7. prAcIna kAvya sudhA, pR. 112. 8, juo kAvyamAM varNanuM mahattva, prasthAna pu. 1, pR. 4-5.

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44 ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya kAraNane lIdhe gItAmAM jyAM TekanI paMktinuM vyavadhAna Ave che tyAM ApaNuM lokagItonA kartAoe prAsanI jarUra joI nathI. udAharaNa zarada pUnamanI rAtaDI ne kAMI cAMde caDe AkAza re Avela AzA bharyA re. vanarA te vananA cokamAM kAMi nAce naTavara lAla re Avela AzA bharyA re. vagere. e gItamAM prAsa nathI. gujarAtI kavione nahitara aMgrejI jeTalI prAsenI beTa nathI. ApaNA kavio ramatamAM prAsa meLave che. - chatAM jyAM jyAM lokagItamAM lAMbI TekAnA vyavadhAnathI kaDIo chUTI paDI gaI haba che, ane saMgItamAM paNa kaDI svataMtra thaI gaI hoya che tyAM kavioe judI judI kaDIonI paMktio vacce prAsa meLavavA prayatna karyo nathI. bhajanamAM paNa meM AvI jagyAe prAso joyA nathI. phArasI majhalamAM paNa ghaNI jagyAe AkhI gajhalamAM dareka kaDIne cheDe eka ja zabdasamUha radIpha) Avato hoya tyAM enI pahelAM prAsa (kAphiyA) ApaNA kavioe meLavyo nathI tenuM huM A ja samarthana samajuM chuM. nahitara phArasI piMgalanA niyama pramANe radIpha pahelA kAphiyA joIe ema mane tenA abhyAsIoe kahyuM che. paNa phArasI piMgalanA A niyamo ApaNuM kavioe pALyA nathI. phArasI uparathI kavitA karanAra kalApIe AvI gajhalamAM evA prAso meLavavA cIvaTa rAkhI nathI, ane phArasInA sArA abhyAsI bAlAzaMkara ullAsarAme paNa AvI gajhalomAM evA prAseno Agraha rAkhyo nathI. jo ke saMskRta vRttAmAM prAsanI jarUra nathI chatAM emaNe prAsa vinAnA ke nathI lakhyA. eTale A gajhalamAM paNa prAsanI anAvazyakatA manAvAnuM kAraNa paNa huM e ja mAnuM chuM, ke amuka zabdasamUhanA punarAvartanathI prAsajanya saMgItanI asara thaI

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2. vRttonI vaicitryamaya racanAo [ 45 rahe che--prAsa jo ke piMgalane che chatAM tenI AvazyakatAnA mULamAM saMgIta raheluM che. AvI jagyAe paNa gItamAM prAseA Ave, jema ke zrI nhAnAlAle " AzAbharyAM te ame AviyAM e rAhanA 'sUnAM sUnAM sneha dhAma "nA gItamAM kaDIone prAsathI sAMdhI che, tyAM zAbhA vadhe. paNu saMskRta vRttAmAM e paNa nathI banatuM. tyAM prAsanI 5kitae vacce ekathI vadhAre paMkitanuM aMtara paDatAM prAsanI kazI asara rahetI nathI, evA mAre! namra abhiprAya che. mAtra temAM eka apavAda saMbhave che. saMgItathI dUranIpatie paNa jo sAMdhI zakAtI haiAya teA prAsanI asara thAya. temaja kadAca arthathI viziSTa rIte sadhAyelI pa"kitae dUra paDI hoya chatAM, temAM prAsa hAya, te tenuM anusaMdhAna enI meLe thaI rahe. " paNa vartamAna yugamAM prAsanu vaividhya ane vaicitrya eka bAjU vadhyuM che, tyAre khIjI bAju prAseAnu zaithilya paNa AvyuM che. prAsanI TUMkI vyAkhyA evI apAya ke patinA chevaTanA e svare, ane tenI vacce vyaMjana AvatA hAya tA te, ekanA eka hAvA te prAsa. AvI rIte patine cheDe 'Ama' ane 'kAma' Ave te te sAre| prAma gaNAya. A pachI zrI narasiMharAve vyaMjana eka te eka vAparavAne badale tene ja vargIya ke uccAramAM sarakhe! jaNAtA khIjo vAparyoH jemake 'kadI' ane 'paDI', 'vize' ane rise'. A zrIyuta narisaMharAve pote darzAvyuM che tema prAsane zAstrIya vistAra che. paNa pachI keTalAke vyaMjana vinAnA e svareAte ja mAtra prAsa. rAkhyo . emAM prAsanI asara eTalI thatI nathI. paNa keTalAke te ethI paNa dUra jaI chevaTe mAtra aMtya svarane ja prAsa rAkhyA. A chelAne huM prAsa nahi paNa prAsAbhAsa kahuM chuM. enA karatAM prAmANikapaNe prAsanA prayatna cheADI devA vadhAre sAru che. prAsanA viSayamAM huM AthI vizeSa kahevA mAgatA nathI kAraNa ke sadgata sara

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya ramaNabhAIe ida ane prAsanA vistRta lekhamAM prAsa vize puSkaLa kaheluM che. paNa A karatAM kAvyavikAsanA ItihAsanI daSTie vadhAre mahattvano pharaka te prAsano tyAga che. prAsa saMskRta sAhityamAM kyAMI nathI. eTale sudhI ke tene mATe saMskRta bhASAmAM zabda nathI. ApaNe saMskRta dekhAto prAsa zabda vAparIe chIe paNa e saMskRta zabda nathI. anuprAsa che teno judo artha thAya che. prAsanuM sAmrAjya dezI bhASAomAM ja che, ane jayadevanA gItageviMda jevAM saMskRta kAvyomAM jyAM prAsa che tyAM te dezanI asarathI gayo che. ApaNe dezI bhASAonI praNAlikA AkhI lagabhaga prAsanI ja che. dezI bhASAomAM geyapradhAna racanAo ane mAtrAmeLa chandone lIdhe prAsa Avazyaka thaI paDayo. vartamAna yuga zarU thayo tyAre prAsa kAvyane mATe Avazyaka manAto hato. dalapatarAme te barAbara pALyo che. eTaluM ja nahi, temane prAsa priya hatA. anuSyamAM temaNe ekI caraNe ane bekI caraNano Asa paNa meLavyo che. kAle TheTha nizALe je, gALe velA pa vaDe muMchALe mUkhe moTe , pastAvAmAM pachI paDe. temanI prAsanI hathoTI paNa suMdara hatI. temanA prAso kayAMI kilaSTa jaNAze nahipaNa narmadAzaMkaramAM jema vRttazathilya che, temaja prAsazathilya paNa che. sadgata ha. ha. dhruvamAM suMdara prAsaracanAo temaja prAsazithila bannenA dAkhalA maLI zakaze. prAsanI hathoTI vinAnA lekhakoe kharAba prAsA vAparyA paNa teo prAsane tyAga na karI zakyA, e, kAvya jevI mukta kalAmAM paNa praNAlikAnuM keTaluM badhuM jera che tene dAkhalo che. prAsane tyAga maNibhAI nabhubhAI e sauthI pahelo karelo jaNAya che. teo saMskRtanA sArA vidvAna hatA ane saMskRta sAhityanA saMskArathI temaNe prAsa cho haze e - 9. kavitA ane sAhitya, volyuma 1 luM. kAvyacarcA. hae

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[ 47 * 2. vRttanI vaicitryamaya racanAo svAbhAvika anumAna che. chatAM temaNe paNa jANe bahu ja kamane prAsa choDyA jaNAya che. sauthI pahelAM prAsa choDayAno dAkhalo 188. mAM prasiddha thayelA mAlatImAdhavanA bhASAntaramAM che. paNa te AkhA nATakamAM ane temAM zloka puSkaLa -mAtra eka ja dAkhalo prAsa vinAne che, bAkI badhA lokomAM prAso che-aneka jagyAe mAtra aMtya svaranA eTale nAmanA prAso che, paNa prAsa choDayo nathI. te pachI kAnA ( prasiddha 1881) mAM paNa lagabhaga badhA loko prAsavALA che, tyAM paNa aneka zlokomAM mAtra aMtya svarano prAsa che, ane mAtra cAra pAMca loko prAsa vinAnA che. uttararAmacaritra ( prasiddha 1883) mAM prAsa choDayo che paNa koI kaI jagyAe aradhA zlokamAM prAsa che ane aradhAmAM nathI. te saMbaMdhI te vakhatane abhiprAya zrIyuta narasiMharAvane joIe. "tame ema dhAriye chiye ke saMskRta DhabanA kaleka, hemAM e jenAM caraNa lAMbAM jAya che tahevA zloka 10 te yamakarahita 11 hoya to arucikara lAgatA nathI. ahiM eTaluM ja kahevAnuM che ke rA. maNilAle yamaka rahita karyA che. hemAM ekaMdara rIte kAMI khoTuM thayuM nathI. bAkI temAM levA paNa leka che ke jyAM yamaka na hovAthI karNane udvega thAya che. te havA che ke ghaNA bhAgamAM yamaka rAkhIne pachI tarata yamaka cheDI dIdho che. udAharaNa tarIke eka ja zloka Apiye chiye - ahA A bApaudha kuTita zubha mukatAvalI sAme, paDe dhIme dhIme dharaNi, kaNa phUTya vikhate; 10. "lAMbAM caraNa" e zabdamAM lAMbA aMtarAyavALI 5ktiomAM prAsanuM anusaMdhAna na rahI zake evA mArA matane parokSa samarthana maLe che. 11. meM upara jene prAsa kahyo che tene mATe zrI. narasiMharAve camaka zabda vApare che. meM, upara kahyuM tema, mAtra rUDha sabda vAparyo che, tenA nikaTane saMskRta zabda yamaka che.

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48 ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya pele che te e hRdaya dhamato zoka saghaLA, jaNAye bIjAne, asara vaLI nAsA thatharave."12 prAsane khullA mane tyAga thoDA samaya pachI eTale 1887mAM prasiddha thayela sarasvatIcaMdra bhA. 1lAmAM thayo. tyAM paNa kAraNa to, saMskRta vRttonA saMskAro ja mAnavA joIe, je ke nahitara paNa govardhanarAmabhAInAM kAvyomAM suMdara prAsA virala ja maLe che. te pachI prAsa vinAnI kavitAo ghaNI thaI che. khAsa karIne tene kalApIe vadhAre lokapriya karI che. atyAre saMskRta vRttomAM kaI prAsanI apekSA rAkhatuM nathI. jo ke te sAthe kahevuM joIe ke geya racanAomAM prAsanI AvazyaktA pahelAM jeTalI ja atyAre paNa manAya che. prAsa chUTI gayo tenuM eka kAraNa e paNa gaNavuM joIe ke kAvyamAM geyatA Avazyaka nathI e ApaNe samajatA thayA. prAsa game tema topaNa kAvya-saMgItanI saMlagnatAno avazeSa che. A saMbaMdha anitya samajAya te sAthe tenAthI ja eka bIje pheraphAra e thayo ke paMktio caccAra ja AvavI joIe, e Agraha nIkaLI gayuM. tethI 14 paMktionA soneTa thayA ane tethI paNa AgaLa jaI game teTalI saMkhyAnI paMktinA saMdarbho-- Miltonic periods--jene ramaNabhAI vAkaya kahe che ane pre.. ThAra pariccheda ke vAyakalApa kahe che te thayA. atyAre ghaNuM lekhake paMktionI eka ke bekI saMkhyAnI darakAra na rAkhatAM paMkita saMdarbhe race che. eTaluM ja nahiH traNa paMktinA lekAnA paNa prayogo thayA ane huM mAnuM chuM ke te saphaLa thayA che. vedamAM tripadA gAyatrI hatI te pachI saMskRta vAlmamAM traNa paMktine zleka thayuM nathI. temaja mAtrAmeLa chaMdonI paraMparAmAM paNa kyAMI tripada chaMda nathI. atyAre evA prayogo thayA che. zrI patIlanA be prayogo nIce utAruM chuM 12. mane mukara; uttararAmacaritra, pR 61. 13. geya dezInI ane lokagItanI traNa paMktinI kaDIo hatI ane che te ahIM aprastuta che.

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2. vRttonI vaicitryamaya racanAo ane ( pRthvI) prathA dIve! khaDA ! jagatarkarI sAtha mujane tasadha hA, mhane vakhata theAbhA jagatamAMhI A kreTaaA ? pata'gavata krimI, niTa mRtyu huM jANuM nahi hAla kAla muja cA dAca saritA vizALa muja A ane hRdaya baMdha thAya, jaDatA thaze; kema kahe, vahetI rahe, sadAnI grahe ! [ ( jJariNI ) bula tu zake mhArI prIti-nikhAlasa je rI sahana karavA lAkhA lAMmAM laka bina" karI saja samaja le sAce mUne zerapharoAdarI ! suja kbaramAM hArAM svapnA aheniza Apaje, muja zakhapara hAruM haiyuM azeSa vahAvaje; muja nidhanamAM hameAtuM yuvApada sthApaze. A dAkhalAmAM traNe ya patiemAM prAsa che tene Avazyaka gaNavA? mAtra paDelI ane trIjInA prAsa hAya, vacalI prAsa vinAnI haeNAya, tApaNu cAle, eTaluM teA vagara dAkhale kahI zakAya che. paNu jo kAvyane blekabaddha ke kaDIbaddha karavuM hoya te eTalA prAsa hoya te ThIka, AkI game teTalI ochIvattI paMkitaonA sa Mdarbho hAya ! temAM prAsanI AvazyakatA nathI. evA saMdarbha traNu patine pachyu hAI zake e eka judA prazna che. geya tattvanA viveka thatAM jene ApaNe pigala pramANe yatibhagate deSa gaNutA hatA te pazu vAjabI chUTamAM gaNAvA lAgyA chaeN. praznanI carco mATe, nadAsakaranA tibha'gatA aneka dAkhalAeka pramAdanA hAvAthI aprastuta gaNI, pahele dAkhale zrI. ke hu, dhruvanA mudrArAkSasanA bhASAntaramAMthI ApuM chu citanI citamAM phUDA krauDhi | ltha karI kuMDI kRti, ghaTanA ghaTamAM TrenIM gADhI taMtra nI gati,

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50 ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAsAhitya * AnU | have zuM thaze ? ' karI nitye vIte sau rAvarI, ragata lahI kRtyA, muja aNamocyAM tene AmAM daMDa karyo che tyAM yatibhaMga thAya che. paNa tenuM kAraNa e che OM hiraNInA baMdhAraNamAM e sthAna sivAya bIje yAMIe zabda mUkI zakAya tema nathI--e atikanI gati che. pazu pre!. hArkAra mAne che ke saMgItane vizleSa thatAM yatibhaMga doSa rahetA nathI. temanAM kAvyeAmAM AvA yatibhaganA dAkhalA che. sauMdraca cele ne bIDelAM kamalamahIM khan | dhAi DAle lerTa ali mRdu pade vAya A vAyu teve!. tyAM sUtelA lavuM nala ar|dhA anAcAsa chand, ahIM yatibhaMga hovA chatAM pAmAM skhalana thatuM nathI. tenuM kAraNa mane ema jaNAya che ke mandAkrAntAtAe sthAnane yati kaIka peAce che. eTale yatibhaMga nirvAdya bane che. preA. dAkAra pAtre paNa tiomAM AvA bhedo svIkAre che14. paNa adhA chandrAmAMthI geyatA kADhI nAMkhavAthI badhA tie nIkaLI jaze ema huM mAnatA nathI. A ti mAtra geyatAne ja Avazyaka nathI. geyatAne dUra rAkhatAM saMskRta vRttomAM laghugurunA graMthanathI eka saMvAda utpanna thAya che je zuddha piMgalanA che, ane tevA saMvAdamAM paN yati DrAya che. piMgalanAM vRtto jotAM eka vAta spaSTa thaze kaeN sAmAnya rIte cAra guru bhega! thatAM ti Ave ja che. saMskRta vRttomAM kacita ja pAMca guru bhemA thavA pAme che. A yati zaiAbhAte / saMgItaneA nathI, piMgalane ja che. AvA yatibhaganA dAkhalA hamaNAM ja meM joye. AvA mauddo | jaina ne zIkha Ave Ave| muslI | me| lalA pArasI, * X 14. tiAnA achaDatI haLavI ane dIdha evA...bheda pADIne viSayamAM jhINavaTa ane vistAra thaI zake ema che. bhaNakAra. zuddha ageya pakSa, nru 22

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2. vRttonI vaicitryamaya racanAo. rakta -8191 ? zAne mAthA | phADa ne vAcyANA zA | ne thA phevAM ? bhA! x x eka thayA > AkAzane e ma" | trarvAnane X sAde | bhedI al, gAvA x haiyAnA kA | hinyane re ta cha deza isUne OM se jatAM zIghra vAre. [ 51, prasthAna, pu. 15 pR. 67-68. A patie skhalana vinA na ja vAMcI zakAya ema huM nathI kahete paNa jaNe aMtabhaMga AvavAnA che ema paDaeNlethI jANyuM . heya te ja panamAM skhalana na Ave ema mane jaNAya che. rastAmAM khADA che ema jatA hAIe ! khADAmAM paga mUkIne paNa sahelAithI cAlyA jaI zakIe nahitara khADAmAM paga paDI pracakAya enA jevuM mane lAge che. temAM paNa khAsa karI keTalIka paMkita sarala pravAhamAM vahetI hai!ya ane vacamAM kAI kita ekAeka yatibhaMganI Ave tyAre pravAha jarUra skhalita thAya che ema mane lAge che; pachI kANu jANuM jUtA sa`skArAne lIdhe mane ema lAgatuM heAya te ! piMgalanA niyamamAM levAtI have eka chUTanI carcA karI A vyAkhyAna adha karIza. akSarameLa ane mAtrAmeLa chandene pharaka paraMparAthI e gAtA AvyA che ke akSarameLamAM gurulaghunAM thAne niyata che. temAM be laghune sthAne eka guru ke eka gurune sthAne me laghu na mUkI zakAya--jema mAtrAmeLamAM tAla sAcavIne karI zakAya che tema. chatAM AvI chUTA hAla levAya che. A chUTanI carcA karatAM eka viveka karavAnI jarUra che. preA. dAkAra kahe che tema gujarAtImAM dhRNA akSare| pUrA kheAlatA nathI ane tyAM te akSara ne svaraprANita ke svarahIna gaNavAnI chUTa hAvI joIe.

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya jemake "paNane "paNa" ane "paNa" baMne rIte uccAravAnI chUTa hevI joIe. AvAM sthAna upara kahelA chUTanAM nathI. pro. ThAkarane abhiprAya evo che ke "paNa" nuM vajana gaNavAmAM tene eka guru gaNa. eTale ahIM bhASAnuM vajana pArakhavAno prazna che, eka gurunA be laghu karavAne prazna nathI. A vajana saMbaMdhI paNa eTaluM kahevuM joIe ke, jo ke anya e ghaNIvAra ocho uccArAya che chatAM uparanA dAkhalAmAM Na svarahIna Na karatAM svarasAhata Na ne vadhAre maLe che. paNa kavione bhASAmAM chUTa levAne haka che ane A chUTa bolAtI bhASA, je kAvyanuM kharuM upAdAna che, tenI eTalI najIka che ke tene sukSamya gaNavI joIe. paNa te chUTa ja che. teno ati upayoga tyAjya gaNAvo joIe. ane e chUTa paNa sarvatra zebhatI nathI. tatsamomAM chUTa vadhAre kheMce che. che. ThAkaranI zailInuM atyAre puSkaLa anukaraNa thAya che eTale A bhayasthAna tarapha dhyAna kheMcavAnI jarUra jaNAya che. paNa meM upara kahI te chUTa bIjA prakAranI che. te nIcenA dAkhalAnI sarakhAmaNIthI samajAze. zrI. bahAnAlAlanA medhadUtamAMthI be be paMkitao nIce TAMku chu. pahelI 11 mAM ane bIjI 12. mA kamAthI che - ne pRthvIne ! phalavatI kare chatrIpu khIlI, te mane gamatuM !garajana suNa hA, mAne uDantA. 11 lAMbA virahe! janamI uranI kahADI kahI varALA hatu tratue je | prIta pragaTata, tuja saMcAga pAme. 12 meM daMDathI pahelI yati banAvI che. maMdAkrAMtAnA prathama khaMDamAM cAra guru joIe. te sthAne "kAne gamatuM' zabdo che. temAM "gamatuM' ne be guru gaNavA laSTa che. have gujarAtImAM "gamatuM'te uccAra lagabhaga "gamatuM' je thAya che eTale e chUTa nivahya gaNAya.

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2, vRttonI vicitryamaya racanAo . 12 mAmAM 'viraha' zabda tatsama che tene badale tene tadabhava vira gaNIe to cAle. paNa "RtuRtue je " e khaMDamAM be gurune sthAne cAra ladhu mUkyA che tethI spaSTa rIte idane saMvAda bagaDe che, ane te kaI rIte nivagha lAgatuM nathI. eka sAkSare mazkarImAM kaheluM tema A soLa varasanA ekane badale ATha ATha varasanA be lAvavA jevuM che. Ane mATe eka dalIla thAya che ke vaidika chomAM AvI chUTa levAtI hatI. tene javAba eka bAjathI e che ke vaidika chanda e chandonA akhatarA hatA. ane e akhatarAmAMthI ja hAlanA piMgaLanAM rUpe siddha thayAM che, te saMvAdanA sUkSma dhAraNane AdhAre. bIjuM e ke vedika chando tenA bhavya artha anusAra eka rIte gavAtA hatA, paNa hAlanA ApaNu chando gavAtA nathI, UlaTuM saMskRta vRttomAMthI hatuM teTaluM paNa geya tattva ApaNe kADhI nAMkhyuM che. ane e ja iSTa che, eTale temAM AvI chUTa pisAya nahi. hajI paNa veda upaniSado ke gItAnA aniyamita chandonA anuvAdone ApaNe mULa pramANe gAvA taiyAra chIe eTale tenA anuvAdomAM evI chUTa nirvAhA bane eTaluM ja nahi bhUSaNarUpa thAya, paNa anyatra na thAya. A piMgalanA chandonA vistAra, chandanAM mizraNa, ane chanI yationA pheraphAranuM prakaraNa pUruM karatA pahelAM mAre eka vastu kahevAnI rahe che. have ApaNe piMgala vize zAstrIya carcAo karavA mAMDyA chIe tyAre ApaNA prAcIna piMgalakAroe ane AlaMkArikAe AvA pratenI carcAmAM zuM kahyuM che te jANIne AgaLa cAlIe te sAruM. Adhunika kAvyasAhityamAM nAnAM mizraNane pahele prayoga meM zrI narasiMharAvanA "divya gAyakagaNu" kAvyamAMthI ApyuM ane te sAco che. paNa te vize zrI narasiMharAva piote kahe che te dhyAnamAM levA yogya che. e ja kAvyamAMthI 44. The aathor of this work believed he had created thi. original combination, till years afterwards he heard the following lings quoted from the Bhagavata :

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vAta ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya upajAti-vasaMtatilakAne dAkhalo ApI teo lakhe che ke pote A dakhalAne apUrva mAnatA hatA paNa ghaNAM varasa pachI teonA bhAgavatamAMthI A ja chandonA barAbara AvA ja mizraNane dAkhalo maLI Avyo. ane ethI vadhAre vicitra dAkhalo pramANika prANIne paNa maLI Avyo. chanda zAstramAM upajAtinuM prakaraNa pUruM karIne bIjA chonI paNa upajAtio thaI zake ema vRttakAra jaNAve che. ane eka pratamAM to lakhyuM che ke mAtra sarakhI saMkhyAnA varNavALA ronA ja upajAti thaI zake e koI niyama nathI ane udAharaNa tarIke zAdUrlavikrIDita ( 19 vaNe) ane adhara ( 21 vaNa) nA upajAtino nIceno zloka Ape che. rAma lakSmaNapUrvajaM raghuvaraM sItApati sundaraM kAkutsthaM karuNAmayaM guNanidhiM viprapriya dhArmikam / rAjendraM satyasandhaM dazarathatanayaM zyAmalaM zAntamUrtim vande lokAbhirAmaM raghukulatilakaM rAghavaM rAvaNArim // gujarAtI piMgalomAM AvI piMgalanI carcA hajI thaI ja nathI. je " saMskRta granthamAM AvI carcA che te grantha athavA pratyenA te bhAge hajI sAmAnya rIte abhyAsanA paricayamAM AvyA nathI. taM sarvavAdapratirUpazIlaM vande mahApuruSamAtmanigUDhabodham // (Probably from the XIIth Skandha). which present exactly the same combinacion. Of a different but kindred type is the combination of pra manika metre and praharsidi in tho following line ; mRdaGgazahatUNavAH pRthaG nadanti saMsadi / prAsAde dhanapatirAmakezavAnAm / Gujarati Language and Literature, Vol. II, p. 288.

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2. vRttonI vaicitryamaya racanAo [ 55 ane tethI prAcIneAnA vicAravArasA ApaNane pUratA maLatA nathI. vikAsa pragati ane ravAtaMtryanI ghaNI sUcanAo ApaNane e prAcIna zAstracarcAmAMthI paNa maLavA saMbhava che. eTale mAru AtranuM kAma pUruM karatAM pahelAM huM eka zAstrIya piMgalanI ApaNe dhaNI jarUra che te taraph sanuM lakSa deAravA rajA lauM chuM. A rIte ApaNe piMgala dehanA pheraphArA ane tenI nIce kAma karatAM maLe! joI gayA. paNu hajI piMgaLane eka mahattvane prazna bAkI rahe che je ApaNA sAhityamAM puSkaLa carcAyA che. te blank verse ke saLaMga ageya padyaracanAnA prayatne, te tu have pachI laIza.

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arvAcIna kAvyasAhityamAM saLaMga ageya padyaracanA (bleka varsa)nA prayatna cAlu jamAnAmAM ApaNI gurjara bhAratIne, aMgrejImAM jene Epic Poem kahe che evA virarasa mahAkAvyanA keDa jAgyA che. kavi narmadAzaMkara, je ghaNI bAbatamAM navA jamAnAnA keDa mUrtimaH kare che, te pitAnA vIrasiMha kAvya nIcenI TIpamAM kahe che : " jyArathI mane samajAyuM ke have huM koI paNa viSayanI kavitA karavAmAM phAvIza tyArathI mane evo muddo uThelo ke jiMdagImAM eka TI vIrarasa kavitA te karavI ja; paNa vyavasAyane lIdhe te kAmane vicAra pato mUle. sane 1860mAM jivazaja lakhavA mAMDe paNa be virAmathI ja aTakA-vRtta anukULa na paDavAthI vicArone kavitAmAM mUkatAM vAra lAgavA mAMDI ne tethI rasa ocho jaNAyo. sane 186 mAM hiMduonI paDatI lakhatI veLA te buTTAnuM pAchuM smaraNa thayuM, paNa e veLA paNa phAvyuM nahi. sane 1866nA DiseMbaramAM e buddo pAcho ja ne meTI vIrarasa kavitA kene kahevI, e viSe meM aMgrejI pustaka uparathI sArI peThe samajI lIdhuM ne nakkI karyuM ke te lakhavI ja. have viSaya joIe." pachI kavi viSayanI carcA kare che ane chelle vRttanA vicAra upara Ave che. "pachI vRttanA vicAramAM paDayo. rolAvRtta bIjA badhA karatAM anukULa paDe tevuM che, paNa emAM paNa jeTalI joIye teTalI prauDhanA nathI. a grejI vIrarasa kavitAnA vRttane gujarAtImAM utAravAne maLe paNa temAM paNa manamAnatI rIte phAvyo nahi. aMte sane 187nA menI 17mIe..maMgaLAcaraNa karyuM, ne pachI tA. 25mI mee vIrasiMhanuM abhimAna kema jAgyuM te viSe ekadama jozamAM AvI lakhavA beThA. huM paNa hAlamAM mArI hAlatathI kedI jevo chauM te vicArathI bolAI gayuM ke "huM koNa kahAM huMne pachI e ja navuM vRtta kAyama rAkhyuM ne vRtanuM nAma paNa viravRtta rAkhyuM..." 1. namakavitA pa. 430-43.

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3. aA~cIna kAvyasAhityamAM saLaMga padyaracanA 17. A lAMbA avataraNamAMthI e vAta phalita thAya che. eka ne e ke vIrarasamahAkAvyanI kalpanA ane ADa aMgrejI sAhityanAM prasid Epic PoemsnA paricayathI jAgyAM. bIjuM e ke e kADanI sAthe ja mahAkAvyane anukULa kAI vRtta zeAdhAnuM joI e e khyAla AbhyA. narmAMdAzaMkaranuM vIravRtta, peAte anyatra jene dakSiNI lAvaNI kahe che teneA ja vistAra che te ApaNe AgaLa joI gayA. e mahAkAvyane anukULa nathI e atyAre kahevuM paDe ema nathI. A vIrasiMha kAvya trIjA sa'thI adhUruM rahyuM che ane enI nIce nama`kavitAmAM lakhyu che pa ( sadA ja apUrNa '' " A ja viSaya upara sadgata sara ramaNubhAIe vicAra karyo che. 1895 mAM prasiddha thayelA " chanda ane prAsa nA lekhamAM te kahe che H - vIrarasanA utsAhane jIravI zake tevA vRttanI gujarAtI bhASAmAM jarUra che e diva narmadAzaMkarane samajAyu hatuM, '' te pachI vIravRtta sabaMdhI upara ApelI TIpa utArIne teo lakhe che : " A vRttaracanAmAM kAI rItanu vizeSa sAmarthya jaNAtuM nathI tema e kAvyamAM kaI camatkAra paNa nathI. e kavinA badhA muddA ' ane ' jossA' kavitvapUNaeN naheAtA, tethI tenI kavitAmAM AvuM pariNAma ghaNIvAra thayuM che. '2 vagere. " "" 1920 mAM bharAyelI chaThThI sAhitya pariSadanA sAhityavibhAganA adhyakSa tarIkenA bhASaNamAM vaLI e ja viSaya upara lakhe cheH itihAsanAM vIrarasamaya mahAkAvyeAnI gujarAtI bhASAmAM jarUra che...vIrarasa kAvyane mATe prAsa vagaranA ane dRDha vAsAmarthyathI gati karatA chaMdanI AvazyakatA che. evA chaMda gujarAtI bhASAmAM cha yeAjAyA nathI ..gujarAtI chaMdamAM A khoTa pUrI pADavAnI carcA utpanna thaI che ane te mATe prayatna paNa thAya che e AzAjanaka cihna che. '3. vagere. 2. kavitA ane sAhitya, vaoNlyuma ! huM, pR. 173-74. 3. sahitya vibhAganA adhyakSanuM bhASaNa, pR. 14-15.

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58 ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya AvA chandanA ApaNI bhASAmAM je prayatne thayA che tenI *ahI` ApaNe samIkSA karIzuM. AvA badhA prayatnemAM huM mukhya traNa prayatnA gaNuM chuM: pre, lavaMtarAya ThAkArane saLaMga pRthvIne prayAga, zrI. ke. ha. teA vanavelInA, ane kavi zrI nhAnAlAkSanuM apadyAgadya. A uparAMta keTalAka prayatnA thayA che tene yAgya sthAne vicAra karIzuM. upara krama batAvyeA te, prayatnenI AnupUrvI ne! nathI, mArA nirUpaNunI sagavaDane che. temaja kace! prayatna kANe paDelA karyAM e ahu mahattvanA prazna nathI. ane huM maLI zake tyAM sAlA Apane javAtA chuM. ApaNe jovAnA prayatnA, aMgrejImAM blaeNka vastute namUne thayelA gujarAtI chando ke racanAo che, eTale ahI prathama a MgrejI kavitA sAhityamAM "le ke vanA dharmo ane lakSaNa kayAM che te TUMkamAM vicArIe. enasAikale pIDiyA briTAnikAmAMthI bleka vanI vyAkhyA prathama utAruM chuM. Blank verse, the unrhymed measure of iambic decasyllable adopted in English epic and dramatic poetry. The epithet is due to the absence of the rhyme the ear expects at the end of successive lines. AmAM paMktinu mApa, tenA be-svarI sadhi ke khIjanuM nAma, ane tenAM AvanAnI saMkhyA ApelI che je ApaNA anveSane aprastuta hAI tenuM kathana atre karatA nathI. te uparAMta eTaluM ja kahelu` che ke A padyaracanA lAMbA epika eTale vIrarasanAM varNanAtmaka kAvyeAmAM temaja nATakanI ukitaomAM vaparAya che, tene blaeNka huM 8 khAlI ' eTalA mATe kahelI che ke kAna paMktine a Mte je prAsanI apekSA rAkhe che te AmAM AvatA nathI. A vyAkhyA abhAvAtmaka 6 .

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3. arvAcIna kAvyasAhityamAM saLaMga padyaracanA [pa che. tenuM bhAvAtmaka lakSaNa aMgrejI sAhityanA vidvAna vivecaka senTasabarI je thADA samaya pahelAM gujarI gayA, temaNe Apelu' che. paNa temanuM lakSaNa vicArIe te pahelAM aMgrejI vasa' eTale padyaracanAnuM eka lakSaNa--je alakhata blaeNka vasamAM paNa che, te vicAravu dhaTe che. e sAmAnya lakSaNa te aMgrejI padyaracanAnuM geyava vinAnu pAThyatva. aMgrejI kavitA gavAtI nathI, tene mAtra pADha thAya che. ane ble ke vanAM viziSTa lakSaNe! aMgrejI padyaracanAnA A ageya pAyatva upara nirbhIra che. have ApaNe senTasabarIe kahelAM lakSaNA joIe. A lakSaNe! traNa che : (1) The overrunning of the line eTale eka vAyanuM kAvyanI eka paMktimAMthI UbharAI te khIjImAM vahevuM. (2) the variation of the paase eTale yatine paMktimAM yatheccha mUkavAnI sagavaDa ate (3) the employment of the trisyllabie fee eTale traNasvarI sadhi ke bIjanA uce ga.4 have joi zakAze ke senTasabarIe gaNuAvelAM traNa lakSaNA ageyatva upara AdhAra rAkhe che. mahAkA yanA viSaya jema mahAna vyaktio, mahAna kAryo, mahAna vicArA, mahAna banAvA che, tema mahAkAvyanA kathanamAM paNa mahAna kalpanA, unnata bhASA ane mahAna zailI joIe. ane mahAna rolImAM ghaNIvAra lAMbAM vAkayeA Ave. vIrarasa mahAkAvyane mATe khAsa chandanI jarUra sauthI vadhAre A lAMmAM vAkayeAne samAveza karavA mATe che. bleka vastumAM aMtaneA prAsa kADhI nAMkhyA che tenuM kAraNa paNa A ja che. prAsa e saMgItane avazeSa che. keTalAka aMgreja vivecakA mAne che ke kAvyanu prAcIna svapa Ballad eTale rAsa che ? kAvya, saMgIta ane nRtya - traNe ya kalAonu eka mUrta svarUpa che. have dareka bhASAnA sAhityamAM prAcIna svarUpa eNleDa eTale rAsa ja che evI vyApti te hujI mane asiddha lAge che. paNu eTaluM kharuM ke kAvyanAM prAcIna 4. Manual at English Prosody, p. 174

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g. ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya svarUpe! badhAM sagIta-saMlagna hatAM. pachIthI dhIme dhIme saMgIta gauNa thatuM cAlu che. paNa jema prANIjagatamAM eka jAtamAMthI bIjI jAta utpanna thatAM aAkhI jAta madalAI jatAM paNa asala jAtanA dhameTaoNlA mAlUma paDe che, tema kAvyanA vikAsakramamAM saMgIta gauNa banatAM anatAM paNa tenAM upAMgeAmAM TakI rahyuM che. prAsa e AvI rIte saMgItane avazeSa che. prAsane lIdhe prAsanaE 5ktionu eka svataMtra zarIra ne che ane tene bIjA prAsAdda samUhatho pAramAM virAma laI bhinna karavuM paDe che. e virAma AgaLa vAkya paNa pUruM thavuM ja joIe. kAraNa ke jo na thAya te pa`kitanA virAmathI asaMnidhi thatAM vAkaya tUTe ane akhAdha na thAya. eTale prAsAd kAvyamAM e paktinA vistArathI vadhAre lAMbuM vAkaya AvI ja na zake. prAsa nIkaLI jatAM A khUMdhana jatuM raDe che ane vAkaya game teTalI lakhAInuM AvI zake che. vAkaya eka paktimAMthI UbharAI te anekamAM relI zake che. paNa senTasabarInA lakSaNa pramANe AvAM aneka paktimAM relAtAM vAkayeAne avakAza ApavA eTalu khasa nathI. e te ene bleka vastu lakSaNa kahe che. ane te kharuM che. blaeNka va karyA pachI praNa ne vAkayAne paktione aMte ja pUrAM karIe te kAvyamAM evI ekavidhatA AvA jAya je vAMcatAM phlezakara nIvaDe. prAseA hatA tyAre A ekavidhatA prAsenA vaicitryamAM titi thatI, paNu kaiMka vastumAM e ekavidhatA asaph ane ethI UlaTuM, gadyamAM lAMbAM TUMkAM vAkayAmAMthI ane a` vyaMjanAne Avazyaka viSama atare AvatAM virAmeAthI. ane tinA ... 1 chA Areha AvarehathI, je eka gaMbhIra saMvAda utpanna thAya che, te ke tene maLateA saMvAda, A padyaracanAnI sImAe mAM yatheccha vicaratA eka navA ja camatkAra utpanna kare che. A rIte gevatAnuM eka lakSaNa prAsa kADhI nAMkhavAthI aneka paMktiAmAM UbharAtAM vAkayeA avakAza maLe che, eTaluM ja nahi, evAM vAkaye| A nizrA

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3. arvAcIna kAvasAhityamAM saLaMga pagharacanA [ racanAmAM Avasyaka bane che. A lakSaNamAMthI ja menTasamarInuM khIjuM lakSNa, yatine paMktimAM yatheccha mUkavAnI sagavaDa, e niSpanna thAya. che. vAkayA lAMbAM TUMkAM heAya, teA tene game tyAMthI zarU karI mame tyAM pUrAM karavAnI sagavaDa hovI ja jo Me tenuM trIjuM lakSaNa aMgrejI bhASAnI khAsiyatane lagatuM che. sAmAnya rIte aMgrejI prAsAddha vIrarasa kavitAmAM amuka e-svarI khIja ke saMdhinAM pAMca Avane! Ave che, paNa blaeNka varsAmAM kayAMka traNa-starI khIjanAM chAMTaNAM chAMTelAM hoya che. kahevAnI jarUra nathI ke A pheraphAra racanAnI ekavidhatA TALavA mATe che. ApaNA vivecaka ane viene vIrarasa kavitA mATe A. ageyatvanI AvazyakatA bahu dhIme dhIme dhyAnamAM AvI che. nama~dArAkarane, aMgrejI kavitA ane ApaNI kavitAnA pAnane bheda mAlUma te. te eka jagyAe lakhe che: " huM khelyA ke hamArI prAkRta kavitA aMgrejI pramANe sAdI rIte nathI khelAtI paNa kaMIka gavAya che ne mArUM gujarAtI gAyana tamArA kAnane sArUM nahiM lAge.'pa paNa A bheda jANatAM chatAM mahAkAvyane mATe ageya racanA joI e evA khyAla mane nahiM AvelA. temaNe vIrarasa kavitA mATe je vIranRttanA prayAga karyo te marAThI lAvaNInA vistAra che te huM AgaLa batAvI gayA. eTale ageyatvanI AvazyakatA emanA dhyAnamAM AvelI nahi, ageyatva saMbadhI navalarAme paNa vicAra karyo che, paNa temane ageya ApaNI kavitA mATe azakaya lAgyuM ane tethI temaNe prasaMge prasaMge ApaNA viene mAtrAmeLa geya padyaracanAe atare aMtare badalAvatAM javAnI bhalAmaNu karI che. teo kahe che ...ApaNI bhASAmAM kavitA belAtI nathI, paNa gavAya che. 66 5. 27 mI oNgasTa 1933 ne! gujarAtIne! namada aMDha, mArI hakIkta. pR. 121. 6. gata pR. 11-17.

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- arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya eka deharo paNa rAgaDo kADhyA vinA ApaNe bolatA nathI. kavitA belavI e ja zuM te ApaNAmAM thoDA samajatA haze...A rIti saMpUrNapaNe aMgrejI bhASAmAM pravartamAna che-temAM to kavitA vAMcatI veLA rAga jarA paNa kADhavo e ati niMdya gaNAya che. paNa ApaNe je AMka bhaNanAra paNa rAga kADhe tyAre ja rAjI thaI e chaIe, tene parabhASAne kAvya saMbaMdhI A virAgI niyama zA kAmano ?... jyAM rAga che tyAM to kSaNe kSaNe badalAtA sacArI bhAvane anusarI rAga pote paNa badalAvo ja joIe...jeno dAkhalo laI ApaNA keTalAka gujarAtI bhAI o bhAyA che te saMskRta ne aMgrejI bhASAnAja kaI paNa kavie saMgIta kavitA eka vRttamAM racavAno khyAla svane paNa karyo nathI..dobaddha kavitAmAM paNa eka vRttanAM kAvyovALI bhASAnI padavIe pahoMcatAM hajI gujarAtIne vAra che, ane te vakhata AvavA pahelAM avazyanuM e che ke kavitA gAvAnI rIta jaI ApaNAmAM te bolavAnI rIta paDavI joIe."(1882) navalarAmabhAIne je banavuM azakya lAgyuM te kavi zrI nhAnAlAlane zakaya Avazyaka ane gujarAtI kavitAmAM zarU thaI gayeluM lAgyuM. " gujarAtI kavitA ane saMgIta " nA sane 1904 nA lekhamAM kAntanA saMgItanI prazaMsA karI teo kahe che, "chatAM saMgIta e kavitA nathI ane kavitAe jeTale aMze anya parimalane pitAmAM zamAvyA che teTale aMze potAnA parimalanI bhabhaka paravaza kIdhI che e niHsaMzaya che...ApaNA kavitAmAM saMgIta pharatI paNa sAMkaDI sImAo ropAI cheH e sImAo tUTavI ghaTe che" 8 ApaNuM gujarAtamAM paNa garabI ke dezI rAgothI ochA saMgItavALA saMskRta chanda navala lonAM zarIra racavA ka. da. DA.e dAkhala kyAM....te pachI govardhanabhAIe saMskRta vRttone gujarAtImAM 7. navala graMthAvali. (zALApayogI AvRtti) bhA. 2 pR. 226rara7 8. sAhitya maMthana, pra. 117-118

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3. arvAcIna kAvyasAhityamAM saLaMga padyaracanA 1 tsa svIkAratAM ka. da. DA, nI svarasaMgItaprIyatAthI racAyeluM eka bandhana toDI prAsa vinAnA saMskRta chanda nehamudrAmAM lakhyA, ane lekasamAje hene blank verse bleka varsa mAnI."* leka samAje ene bleka vasa mAnI paNa, zAstrIya daSTie, saMrakata vRttane prAsa choDavAthI te racanA (beMka varsa) nathI banatI. bleka varsanI zAstrIya samAlocanA sauthI prathama pro. balavaMtarAya ThAkore bhaNakAra ( prasiddha 1917) nI prastAvanAmAM karI che. temaNe pitAnI padyaracanAnI navInatAo vize kaMIka khulAsA rUpe e carcA karI che; paNa bleka varsanI e carcA taTastha zAstrIya ane mArgadarzaka che. temanI carcAmAMthI bleka varsanAM lakSaNo tAravavAM hoya te nIce pramANe nIkaLe H (1) ageyatA. (2) saLagatA ke akhaMDitatA je senTasabarIe gaNAvela aneka paMkitamAM vistaratAM vAkonA lakSaNa sAthe saMbaMdha dharAve che. (3) yatisvAtaMtrya je spaSTa rIte senTasabarIe jaNAvela yatheccha yati mUkavAnI sagavaDa sAthe saMbaMdha dharAve che. ane (4) abhAvAtmaka lakSaNa ke e racanA airiba thaI kalezakara thavI na joIe ema ApaNe senTasabarI ane pro. ThAkoranI carcAne samanvaya karI kahI zakIe. ApaNA piMgalanA chandonA je be ke traNa vibhAgo che temAMnA eka sauthI vipula vibhAga A ageyatvanI eka ja kasoTIthI jotAM bleka varsane mATe ayogya nIvaDe che. e vibhAga te mAtrAmeLa chandono. A chando taravataH geya che. temanuM baMdhAraNa geyatA upara ghaDAyuM che. temanA bIjamAM tAla Ave che te paNa saMgIta sAthe saMbaMdha dharAve che, upara ApelA navalarAmabhAInA avataraNamAM paNa ApaNe joyuM ke mAtrAmeLa chano geya che. alabata A ghaNIkharI racanAomAM eka ja bIjanAM Avartane AvatAM hovAthI paMkitanA aMtane prAsa kADhI nAMkhavAthI tenI saLaMga racanA ekadama banI zake. harigItanA 9. sadara pR. 13-14

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$# ] avAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya 1 1 1 1 dAdAladA bIjanAM jhUlaNAnA dAladA khIjanAM ke vaiyAnA dAdA khIjanAM aneka AvA thaI zake. AvA aneka prayatneA thayA. che. saMskRta kAvyamAM IMDA thayA che te bIjuM kAMI ja nathI paNa. piMgalanA amuka amuka gAnAM Avane che. Ane eka prayoga gujarAtomAM paNa thayA che. zrI cheTAlAla narabherAma bha` zAntisudhA kAvyamAM aneka mAtrAmeLa ane akSarameLa chandAnA prayAgA karyAM che. temAM daMDaka paNa Ave che. nirakhI nirakhI peThA muni, bAJanA bhAgamAM, mAga' rUDo nihALI, khanI vADa e pAsa gUlAbanI, saDaka vacce rahI, kaiMka kayArA nihALyA rUDA sTeTanA dhyeya pAse, si'ccA pANiye, amRte jANiye, nI rUDI karI, bIka rAkhI kharI, ThIka ThAme TharI mALiye sALiye, kaiMka caMmeli caMpA ane megA, Treka dADIma aMjIra jAtIphaLA, kaiMka bAdAma nArIMga lIbuDI che, ke ka akSeATa ne jamarukhI rUDI che, ke'ka velI caDhI zeAbhatI mAMDave, ke'ka nAcI rahI che latA tAMDave, keka hAryAM dise keLakerI vaDI, jema pa"khA dharo UbhI sAhelaDI;10 ahIM spaSTa joI zakAya che ke ekanA eka traNa-svarI gaNunAM AvatAthI kaTALA Ave che ane te kaMTALA kADhavA chevaTe prAsane Azraya levA paDe che. kaTAva e eka rIte zvetAM savayAnA dAdA. bIjA daMDaka che. saLaMga racanA tarIke nadAza kare tenA bahALe upayeAga karyo che. mAMNubhAI nanubhAI e. uttararAmacaritamAM daMDakonu vaNuM na kaDhAvamAM karyuM che. krazA 4.meM rindha ramya ne nayana hasAve, vaLI kA kALI, viLa kA bhUrI, kAkA DAmarUpa bhayakara dhAro kraza detI trAsa mahu, ThAme ThAme vaLI bharelI krama ama ama jhama vhetAM jharaNA tenA zabda, dizA rUpALIH paNe jaNAye tItha puNyanAM, mAzrama RRSinA; pata pelA DaoNkAM karatA, saritA dhImI uchaLI khetI; araNya 10. zAntisudhA, pR. 304-5

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3. arvAcIna kAvyasAhityamAM saLaga padyaracanA baLAM maLe nhAnAM ramaNIya lIlAM upavana daseka evA evA vividha pradezo paricita mujane duSTa Ave; dase dase satya daMDaka araNya Aje !--ko ThAme sadgata govardhanarAme paNa kaTAvano prayoga karyo che : girivara kere zale zile, vRkSa mAtrane patra patre, nadInI Urmi Urmi upara, vAyunI laharI laharI sAthe, pazu pakSIne aMge aMge-be zabda, meghamALane kha3 khaMDe, aMzunAthane kiraNe kiraNe, nAce lakSmI vividha vegathI vividha raMgamAM caMcaLa capaLA hAvabhAva karI ramaNIya kevA? jenI jenI rati sajI re ! bane gujarAtImAM uttama gaNAtI kavitAnA namUnA che. paNa bannemAM racanAnI maryAdA tarata jaNAI jAya che. dAdA bIja ghaNuM ja TUMke che, tethI jANe ghaNe ja TUMke pagale cAlavuM paDatuM hoya ema lAge che. ane dAdAmAM pahelA dA uparane tAla ghaNo ja joradAra che, tethI vAkya tAlathI eTaluM badhuM thaDakAya che ke lAMbATUMkAM vAkayeno arthavirAmothI ane dhvaninA ArohaavarohathI saMvAda utpanna thaI zakato nathI, e saMvAdane avakAza ja maLato nathI. jhUlaNAnA dAladA bIjanAM AvartanathI zrI manahararAme rAma chanda le che. eka TUMko dAkhalo joIe. jaya thaje jaya thaze jyAM vasyA Arya saMskAranI pImaLa prasarAvatA, parazu nija skaMdha para niraMtara dhAratA, pralaya kAlAgnisama adila vidAratA raka avatAra bhaDavIra viBdra te rAma bhArgava vaDA-

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya zatrune mAratA, mitrane tAratA, premane zauryanAM sUtra svIkAratA karmahIna jagatane parama kartavyaniSkAmane pATha-zakhavADatA viSNunA aMza yogIndra garuDadhvaja - kRSNa yAdava patiragaNa eTale gAlagA gaNanA daMDakane maLato A daMDaka che. A daMDakanuM bIja akSarameLI gAlagAne badale mAtrAmeLa dAladA eTale jhUlaNAnuM bIja che. akSarameLAne badale mAtrAmeLI che eTale aMze ekavidhatA ochI thAya e uparanA kAvyamAM spaSTa dekhAya tema che. jhUlaNA chaMda gaMbhIra bhAvanA vAhana tarIke aneka vAra prayojAya che e tene vizeSa guNa che. chatAM dAdAnuM geyatva achatuM thaI zakatuM nathI, tAlamAM phera karI zakAto nathI, ane jo ke A racanAnA layanAM mAjAM ragaNAtmaka daMDaka karatAM vadhAre vicigyamaya ane kaTAvanA dAdA karatAM vadhAre lAMbAM che chatAM lAMbAM vAkyane mATe e mojAM TUMkAM paDe ane pacAsa sATha paMkita pachI tenI ekavidhatA kheMcavA mAMDe, te vadhAre ne vadhAre sagItamAM lapasatI jAya ane chatAM pUrA saMgItane avakAza na hovAthI chevaTe kaMTALo Ape ema huM mAnuM chuM. - harigItanuM dAdAladA bIja vadhAre saMgItavALuM che, temAM be tAla Ave che ane tethI te bleka varsane mATe vadhAre pratikULa che e dekhItuM che. enA evA prayogo paNa thayA nathI je eka ja bIjanA AvartanavALo mAtrAmeLa chanda saLaMga na karI zakAya, to aneka bIjenA banelA mAtrAmeLa chandanA prAsa kADhI nAkhI tene saLaMga karavAno to prazna ja raheto nathI. AvA indanAM bIje saMgItanI dRSTie niyata thayelAM hoya che, saMgItanA Aroha avareha ke upakrama upasaMhAranI dRSTie temAM bIje gUMthAyelAM hoya che ane tevA chandomAMthI geyatva kADhavuM vadhAre durghaTa che. roLA ke kavita ke dehare ke chapa saLaMga racanA tarIke

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3. arvAcIna kAvyasAhityamAM saLaMga padyaracanA [ 10 kAmamAM na Ave. varNanAtmaka kAvyomAM deharA copAI lAMbe sudhI cAlI zake che tenuM kAraNa baMdhAraNanI sAdAI ane temAM gadyanI ati nikaTa rahevAnI jogavAI e che. eTale mAtrAmeLa che mATe ApaNe eTaluM sAmAnya rIte kahI zakIe ke e denAM bIjenA vistArathI ane aMtyaprAsa kADhI nAMkhavAthI thatI padyaracanAo bleka varsanuM kAma na karI zake. te sAthe mAruM evuM kahevuM nathI ke A racanAo nakAmI che. potapitAnI maryAdAmAM A racanA upayogI che. sArAM kAvyonuM e bAhyarUpa thaI zake. - have pigalanA chano eka bIjo prakAra laIe. te prakAra saMskRta vRttone jeno atyAre ApaNe sAmAnya rIte saMgItarahita pATha karIe chIe. AvAM vRttonI carcAmAM gayA pahelAM be bAbato spaSTa karavAnI jarUra che. paheluM e ke huM vedika chandone gujarAtI bhASAnA vartamAna piMgalamAM gaNato nathI. tenAM kAraNe spaSTa che. vaidika chando udAtta anudAtta vagere svaramAM gavAtA jenI paraMparA saMskRta vRttomAM paNa cAlu rahI nathI, bIjuM e ke atyAre vedane pATha eka evI jAtanA rAgaDAmAM thAya che je rAgaDAmAM ApaNe gujarAtI sAhityamAMnuM kazuM ja bolatA nathI. rAnaDe zabda huM tiraskArathI nathI bolato paNa evo sAbhiprAya zabda bIje nathI tethI, ane uparanA avataraNamAM navalarAmabhAIe te vAparela che e rIte, rAganA laghutAvAcaka rUpamAM e zabda huM vAparuM chuM. e saMgItane rAga nathI, chatAM temAM saMgItanA svaro Ave che eTale tene rAgaDo kahuM chuM, atyAre je rIte tenuM paThana thAya che te ja asalI rIta haze ema mAnavAne kazuM kAraNa nathI. eTale vaidika chandone bAda karIne saMskRta vRtto je atyAre saMgItarahita paddhatithI bolAya che tenI carcA karIza. paNa A saMgItarahita rIte atyAre bolAya che evuM vidhAna karatAM pahelAM jANavuM joIe ane svIkAravuM joIe ke badhAM saMskRta vRtto

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* ] arvAcIna gujazatI kAvyasAhitya khelavAnI paNa paraparA teA gItanI ja hatI. atyAre paNa jUnI para parAthI khelAtA caMDIpATha sAMbhaLeA ke vivAhamAM maMgalASTaka sAMbhaLeA ke nAtamAM zleAkA khelatA sAMbhaLeA te terAgamAM ja meAlatA jaNAze. atyAre anuSTupa jevA ageya mlAka paNa jUnI praNAlikA pramANu tA gavAya ja che eTaluM ja nahi, e ageya klAka jemAM mahAbhArata rAmAyaNa lakhAyAM te pUrve paNa gavAtA ja hatA ema jaNAya che. tajyeSaH jojo'mitiH / marutaH pariveSTAro maruttasyAvasan gRhe / AvikSitasya kAmaprervizvedevAH samAsara kRtti" ahIM anuSTupa gavAyAnA ullekha che. Adyakavi vAlmIkinA prathama zlA nA niSAra vagere paNa rAmAyaNamAM tantrIyajJamanvitaH 11 eTale tantrInA layamAM gAI zakAya tevA kahelA che. ane lavakuze rAmAyaNane masa~vavA gAyuM evuM varNana che. maLela pAeTale saMskRta me gAyuM, dezI Dhabe nahiM. A badhAmAMthI eTalu` niSpanna thAya che ke saMskRta vRtto prAcIna kALamAM gavAtAM. paNa aMgrejI sAhityanA paricayamAM AvyA pachI ApaNe A vRttonA zuddha ageya pAThanI pati pADI. saMskRta nRtto atyAre lekha}A ane vAcaDDAmAM vadhAre priya thayAM che tenu kAraNa tenI prauDhi ane ageya pAThayatva. A vRttonA upayAganI viruddha chatAM paNa navalarAmabhAI saMskRta vRttonI prauAMDha svIkAre che. saMskRta nRtto sAme vAMdhA levAnuM temanu eka kAraNa aparicaya te havenI keLavaNImAM dUra thayuM 11 atyAre mIra vagere vArtA kahenArA vargI gadya paNa sitAra jevA rAi taMtuvAdya vagADatA vagADatA amuka rAganA layamAM pAle che. te ke IsapUrNa rAga hotA nathI, mAtra temAM amuka sUrAnA Areha avarAha hAya che. hA paNa rAgamA na gAtAM AvI rIte sUrAmAM khAle che. A anuSTupa paNa e rIte tatrI sAthe je sUrAmAM khelAtA hAya tA tenuM geyatna sahe. lAIthI juduM pADI zakAya evuM pahelAMthI ja hatuM ema kahI zakAya. mane A atyata sabhavita lAge che, paNa A viSaya svataMtra sAdhana mAge che, jene mATe ahIM' avaThArA nathI.

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3. arvAcIna kAvyasAhityamAM saLaMga padyacanA [ che. atyAre te UlaTuM dezI DhALeA karatAM A saMskRtavRtto vadhAre paricita che. eTale ageyatAnA vAMdhA saMskRta vRttomAM taddana khoTA nahi te paNa dhaNe! ja ni`La paDI jAya che. atyAre maMdAkrAMtA, pRthvI, zArdUlavikrIDita, stragdharA vagere vRttomAM lAMbAM saLaMga vAkayeA mUkavAnA akhatarA thAya che paNa te satra pahelAM sAde anuSTupa kema adhAnA dhyAnamAM na AvyA hoya te navAI jevuM lAge che. saMskRta purANe, rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata anuSTupamAM lakhAyAM che. sa`skRta ziSTa sAhityamAM anuSTupa aneka rasAmAM vaparAyeAA jaNAya che. ejasa ane mAdhu ante guNe temAM AvI zake che. chatAM blaeNka varsTanA akhatarAmAM te upekSA pAmyA che. mAtra hamaNAM ja ApaNI kavitAsamRddhimAM tenA pravAhI rUpanI zakayatA che. hArkAra nedhe che ane evA pravAhI anuSTupane jaNAvavA jevA akhatarA paNa temaNe ja mAtra eka jagAe karyAM che, gheTAMne bakarAM karI rela jayAM eN sarI nahI AvI tyAM seDA bheA pADA pADI barADatI. kALAM cAma taLe Akhe dekhatA jhuDamALakhA hIDe te mRga bhAre tyAM Deke truTTha' suTTha' thA. DIle DIla vasI cAle ne ghase bhIMta thAMbhalA, kALI eDeLa presUrI A rele leAka cAMcA, bheseAnA pUra vacce tyAM dekhAyA zeDa sAMDhiyA, zerInI vasatI AkhI eTale bArIe iMje agAzAe hatI tama!, hAcA'tA ke chApare. sarve e sAMDhiyA khu'dhe dIThe bAMdhela mAMcaDe jemAM DhAla lai beThA hatA anna bhIlaDe. pALe! dArI vate eka dArA kheMca UMTane ane A bhInna thAbhaLe, mAce jAmyA deDhAsane. cAraThe yugmabhAtagI si'hrAsane virAjate hA rAjA ja, evA A DhAlavAda mhAlatA.

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70 ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya kAtare zezi DIle vAne taiNeya kAra kAramo ghera sAde ke pralayapratimA samo. Dhele dAMDI dai deI AraDe e pharI pharI, ju re loka A svArI jamadUta dukALanI." AmAM kayAMka kayAMka prAso maLyA che paNa te akasmAta che. bAkI anuTupamAM laghu gurunAM baMdhano ochAmAM ochAM che, temAM paNa pAchI chUTa laI zakAya che, kAlidAsa jevA kavie paNa chUTa lIdhI che. eTale temAM vaividhyanI khAmI AvavAne avakAza nathI. A paMktiomAM kAI jagAe vAkya be paMktithI vadhAre Aghe jatuM nathI, vAkyavirAma ghaNuMkharI jagAe pheMkAte Ave che e kharuM paNa, huM dhAruM chuM, vAkAnI viSama laMbAI ane yatheccha virAmane paNa sahI zake evI A racanA che. ane sAhasika kavitAlekhakoe akhataro karavA lAyaka A racanA che. | maMdAkrAMtA ane zikhariNIne saLaMga padyaracanA tarIke prajyAnA thoDA dAkhalA che. paNa A prakAranA chando bleka varsanuM kAma ApI zake ema lAgatuM nathI. saMskRta chando jemAM eka vAta sphaTa thAya che ke cAra ke pAMca gA eTale guru AvatAM yati mukavo ja paDe. che. maMdAkrAMtA, zAlinI, sadharA, vaizvadevI, zikhariNI, e badhAmAM cAra ke pAMca guru pachI yati Ave ja che. huM mAnuM chuM e ApaNI bhASAnI khAsiyata che. ane saLaMga padyaracanAne e nizcita sthAnane yati pratikULa che. zArdUlavikrIDita jevA vRttanI paMkti eTalI lAMbI che ke tenI vacamAM yati mUkavo ja paDe. vaLI eka bIjI rIte paNa A vRttomAMnAM keTalAMka, akhaMDa vAkyapravAhane pratikULa che. maMdAkrAMtAmAM ane zikhariNImAM eka sAthe pAMca laghu Ave che. sagaparAmAM ane mAlinImAM eka sAthe cha laghu Ave che. ATalA badhA laghu eka sAthe lAvavAne bhASAne evI karavI paDe ke temAM lAMbe sudhI vAkaya cAlI zake nahi. vaLI eka sAthe AvatA laghu

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3. aCcIna kAvyasAhityamAM saLaga padyaracanA [ 71 akSarA eTalA badhA tvarita khelavA paDe che ke e laghu akSarAnI vacce vAkayavirAma mUkI zakAya nahi. eTale eka sAmaTA jemAM lallu akSare| AvatA heAya tevA chando aneka rIte zaeNpha vane pratikULa nIvaDe. AvI krAI pratikULatA pRthvIne naDatI nathI. khIjAM saMskRta vRtto saMgItanA rAgamAM gAI zakAya che tema pRthvI paNa gAI zakAya che. mAlakasamAM meM pRthvI suMdara gavAtA sAMbhaLyeA che. paNa khIjA' saMskRta vRttone jema ageya pATha karI zakAya che tema pRthvInA paNu ageya pATha karI zakAya che. tenI paMkitamAM Avazyaka yati nathI e have jANItI vAta che. temAM guru ke laghunAM sAmaTAM eka hAre sthAne AvatAM nathI. temAM vadhAremAM vadhAre eka sAthe traNa ladhu Ave che, guru tA methI vadhAre AvatA ja nathI. tenA gabhIra gatithI pADha thaI zake che. ane, huM dhAruM chuM tene lIdhe, tenI paMktimAM game tyAM yati mUkI zakAya che, jenA aneka dAkhalA preA. DhAkAre peAtAnAM kAvyAmAMthI ApyA che. saMskRta sAhityamAM pRthvImAM lakhelAM kAvyeAmAMthI ejasa ane mAya anne guNeAnA dAkhalA sahelAIthI maLI zake che. arthAt pRthvI dareka rasane anukULa paDe teve! che. paMktionI saMkhyA vadhatAM temAM kalezakara ekavidhatA jAya ke kema e prazna svAbhAvika rIte thAya. aMgrejI blaeNka vamAM jema ekavidhatA TALavA evarI khIjo vacce vacce traNa--svarI bIjo Ave che tema pRthvInA sAdhAraNa pravAhamAM pre. TAkAra ane ane chandane anukULa pheraphArA kare che. AmAMnA ghaNAkharA pheraphArA mate sArA lAgyA chechevaTa vAMdhA levA jevA te nathI ja lAgyA. jema navIna mala maiM nahI. vimala sAdhu ktavya ke - samara svAma, tyajanI mAma, dIThuM nava dIThuM khare satata samara samara samara svAma, saphara lAMbI che mastake, yeAti tavya ke ?-- saphara lAMbI che mastake

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72 ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya A joke temanA saLaMga pRthvInA namUne nathI chatAM temAM pRthvInI gatimAM karelA pheraphAra dAkhalA apAya eve che. A pheraphAra mane peAtAne rucikara lAgyA che ane lekhaka A ke AvI rIte sAdhAraNa gatimAM cAla badalavAnA prayAgA karI zake. preA. dAkAre kayAMka vaividhya ANuvA pRthvIne dADhAvyA che. e paNa subhaga prayAga che. paDayuM. zravaNuM nAma ga bharo DAka UMcI kare, tyahAM jhaTa thai savAra hauM pheravI gheADalI; karI tilaka bhAla jayamALa kaMTha ArepI te svIkArI kaiM nAcatI sakhInayana rAcatI viyAga na kaLAvatI thaI alApa e dheTalI. A udAharaNanI trIjI patimAM karelA gatibhaMga ane pRthvI chandanA savAdane anukULa nathI lAgatA, paNa prazna amuka prayAganI saphaLatAnA nathI, paNa evA prayAgAne avakAza che eTale ja che. ane mane lAge che ke evA prayAgeA karavA hAya teA thaI zake. vaLI preA. heAranA A jAtanA cAlanA pheraphAre! sAthe asaMmata thatAM dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM joIe ke temanA keTalAka pheraphArA cAlanA nathI paNa eAlAtA varNanI mAtrA gaNavAnI temanI patine lIdhe thayelA che. ane e vastu prastuta praznathI alaga che. paNa huM te eka DagaluM AgaLa jaI ema kahevA mAgu chuM ke pi'galanA pRthvInuM baMdhAraNa evuM che ke temAM AvI vividhatA ANI na heAya te cAle. aMgrejI blaeNka vanI patinA karatAM te! mane pRthvInI paMkita vadhAre vividhatAvALI lAge che. blaeNka vanI pukti eka ja evarI laghu gurunA khIjanAM pAMca AvanAthI thaI che. eTale ekanuM eka nAnuM bIja hajArAvAra daDavA karavAthI ekavidhatA kaMTALeA Ape, paNa pRthvInI eka pa`kti evA kAI paNa eka khIjanAM Ava nAthI thaI nathI. marAThI bhASAmAM mereApate ekasA

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arvAcIna kAvyasAhityamAM saLaMga padyaracanA [ ekavIsa glaeNkenI kekAvalI pRthvImAM lakhelI che te kaMTALo nathI ApatI. eTale huM mAnuM chuM ke vAkyanA arthavirAmo ane uccAramAM dhvaninA athanukula Aroha-avarahathI piMgalasiddha pRthvI chandamAM bahu lAMbe sudhI TakI rahevAnI zakti che-keTale lAMbe tenI maryAdA to aneka prayogo karyAyo ja jaNAya. pRthvI sAme hajI eka vAMdhe vicAravAno rahe che. pRthvI akSarameLa chanda che, temAM laghu gurunAM sthAne niyata che. A baMdhAraNa arthane yatheccha vahevAmAM bAdhakAraka na thAya? huM dhAruM chuM na thAya. atyAra sudhI ApaNe anubhava kahe che ke na thAya. akSarameLa chandomAM kathelI narmadAzaMkarathI mAMDIne atyAra sudhInA kavionI kavitA jeze to jaNAze ke ApaNuM kavitAkAre saMskRta vRtta uparanuM prabhutva meLavatA ja jAya che. badhAM vRttomAM pRthvI sauthI cheluM lakhAvA mAMDayuM. dalapatarAme tenuM baMdhAraNa ApatAM piMgaLamAM paNa bhUla karI che. narmadAzaMkare te lakhyo ja nathI. zrI narasiMharAve paNa pRthvI vAparyo smaraNamAM AvatuM nathI, vAparyo haze te jaja ja. eTale pahelAMnA vAcanazokhInane pRthvInI laDhaNa ochI che. e vAcanazokhIne hajI pro. ThAkAranA pRthvInI viruddha bole che, ane bIjI bAju navA kavitAlekhake uparAuparI pRthvImAM lakhyuM jAya che, temane temanI kalamanI khAtara nA pADavI paDe eTale sudhI! eTale saMskRta vRttonAM baMdhAraNe kavitApravAhane yatheccha vahetAM sakAcakAraka nIvaDaze ema huM nathI mAnate. ane pRthvInI ATalI zakti chatAM te bleka varsanuM pUruM kAma ApI zake ema huM mAnato nathI. enI paMktimAM piMgalano yati nathI e sAcuM, enI paMktinI aMdara yati ramI zake e sAcuM, paNa tenI paMktinA aMtano yati tadana uDAvI devAya ema huM mAnato nathI. pro. ThAkare paNa aMtya yati sarvathA uDAvI zakAya evo dAvo karyo nathI. teo kahe che ke "A ageya padyaracanAmAM paMktinA

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74 ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya antanI yati sauthI vadhAre dRDha ane dI e niyama sAmAnya rIte ja paLAya che; eka Avazyaka niyama tarIke nahI. ane apavAda rUpa 5ktie virala nahI paNa chUTathI Ave che. temAM ema paNa ane che ke patinA aMtanI yuti cheka achaDatI ke nahI' jevI thaI jAya che." arthAt anya yati taddana uDAvI zakAteA nathI. piMgalanAM saMskRta nRtto sAmAnya rIte cAra caraNanAM gaNAya che. parantu pi`galanA evA keTalAka niyame che jethI ema paNa kahI zakAya ke e badhAM vRtto dila che; eTaleke catuSpada nahi pa' dvipada che. A rIte jUnA pRthvImAM paNa e pa`kti bhegI kheAlAI zakAtI ane ApaNA pRthvImAM paNa evI rIte eka paMkita aMtanI ti vinA khIjI joDe avegathI sAMdhI zakAya. paNa e paMktithI vadhAre dUra huM dhAruM chu' na jaI zakAya. game tevAM lAMbAM vAkayeAmAM pUrNa - virAma nahiM te avirAma ke alpavirAma paNa 34 akSaranI be paMktine cheDe mUkavuM emAM bahu muzkelI nathI. eTale e muzkelI kavitAlekhanamAM bahu meATI nathI, jo ke blaeNka va` sAthe sarakhAvatAM pRthvInI A eka maryAdA gaNavI joIe. ane bIju e ke jo ke vAkayeA eka paMktimAMthI vahI bIjImAM jaI zake che, ane vAyanAM avirAme patimAM game tyAM lAvIne pAda thai zake che, chatAM pati vacce jyAMthI vAkaya zarU thatuM DAya tyAMthI ja upADI tenA pATha zarU karI zakAtA nathI. agrejImAM game tyAMthI vAkaya upADI pATha kareA tA paNa teneA savAda eka ja tarehanA haze. Plumb down he drops Ten thousand fathom deep. Plumb down he drops ten thousand fathom deep ema vAMceA, bannemAM eka ja saMvAda che. pRthvImAM tema nathI. pRthvInA saMvAda pa`ktine zarUthI aMta sudhI vAMco te ja akhaMDa

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3. arvAcIna kAvyasAhityamAM saLaga padyanA [ : rahe che. vacamAMthI upADI bIjI patinI vacamAM cheDI do te te pati saMvAda vinAnI raheze. temaNe ja ApelA dAkhalo joIe. vahe vakhata | prAkatana smaraNu sUra jAge vadhe khile | ura nimantratA acuka eka hArA bhaNI. game tyAM yati mUkIne vAMceA tenA vidhA nathI. paNa te AkhI 5ktie vAMcaze! teA ja tene saMvAda pratIta thaze. paNa prAkatana smaraNa sUra jAge vadhe khile eTaluM ja vAkya svataMtra khelavuM haze te temAM saMvAda nahi Ave. saMvAda lAvavA haze te! Agalo bhAga manamAM joDIne pachI ja lAvI zakAze. eTale pRthvImAM traNa cAra patine aMtare vAkayAnta caraNAnta lAvI mUkavu ja paDaze. nahitara pAna skhalita thaze ane ghaNIvAra vAMcanAra paThananA mULa saMvAdathI bhUlA paDI jaze. A rIte saLaMga ageya padya tarIke pRthvIne vAparatAM tenI keTalIka maryAdAe dhyAnamAM rAkhavI dhare che. ane chatAM pRthvInI zakti dhaNI meATI che. gaMbhIra avALAM kAvyeAte teNe ghaNI saraLatA karI ApI che, ane uparanI maryAdAe! chatAM jene aMgrejImAM Epic Poem kahe che, jene mATe ApaNe vIrarasa - mahAkAvya zabda vAparIe chIe, tene mATe blaeNka vanI nikamAM nikaTa mUkI zakAya tevI A padyaracanA mate jaNAya che. mAtra eka ti ane prAsa kADhI nAMkhavAthI kAvya karavAmAM navI ja saralatA navA ja avakAza maLe che e emanI zeAdha dhaNI mahattvanI che. ane e zeAdhanI asara ApaNA sAhitya upara kAyamanI raheze ema huM mAnu chuM. ApaNe joyuM ke pRthvI vIrarasa kAvyane mATe anukULa che. paNa hujI eka bAbata rahI jAya che. blaeNka vanI mULa vyAkhyAmAM jaNAveluM che ke blaeNka va vIrarasa kAvya tema ja nATaka bannene

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya anukULa che. have prazna e che ke pravAhI pRthvI nATakanI uktio mATe ucita vAhana che? pRthvI mATe hajI sudhI A dA thayo nathI. ane huM mAnuM chuM thaI zake paNa nahi. zekasapiyaranAM nATakanuM -bhASAntara pRthvImAM thAya e huM kalpI zakato nathI. pRthvI game teTale ageya hoya chatAM tenI amuka cAla che, e cAla kadAca mULa te kaI saMgItanAM sUkSma dezanethI niyata thaI haze ja ke ApaNe tene atyAre saMgItathI kevaLa alaga rAkhI paDI zakIe chIe. paNa e cAla game te kAraNethI niyata thaI hoya paNa, nATakane mATe sIdhI, vegavAna, ane paThananI sAthe ja, sAMbhaLatAM veMta ja, samajAI jAya evI je ukitanI jarUra hoya che, tevo ukita pRthvI jevA aTapaTA chandamAM apratihita vahI zake nahi, ema thavA mATe gadyanI vadhAre nikaTa rahI zake evI vAkyaracanA joIe, ane pRthvInA baMdhAraNamAM e zakya nathI. mukhyatve A daSTi dhyAnamAM rAkhI vanavelI yojAI che. tenuM mULa kArDa ghanAkSarInuM che. daSTAto uparathI zrIyuta kezavalAla bhAIe batAvyuM che ke ghanAkSarImAM 8 me 16 me ke 24 me akSare yati lepAya che ane tethI te sthAnane yati zobhAne che. chevaTa je caraNAnta yati rahyo te kADhIne temaNe racanAne pravAhI ke dhArAvAhI banAvI. eTale ke racanAmAM ghanAkSarInuM mAtra eka ja tattva rahyuM, te tenA bIjabhUta caturakSara saMdhinAM AvartananuM. saLaMga pAThaya kavitA mATe ghanAkSarInA aucitya vize be judI judI dizAmAMthI be svataMtra samarthaka abhiprAyo maLe che te ahIM noMdhavA lAyaka che. ApaNe upara joI gayA ke navalarAmabhAI ema mAnatA hatA ke ApaNAmAM kavitA bolAtI che ja nahi gavAya ja che. te prakaraNamAM bolAtI kavitAnA dAkhalAmAM teo kavitane gaNAve che. teo kahe che "kavitA bolavI e ja zuM te ApaNAmAM thoDA samajatA haze. enI kaMI samaja paDavA hiMdustAnanI kavitA

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. arvAcIna kAvyasAhityamAM saLaMga padyaracanA bhATa cAraNe kevI rIte bole che teno vicAra karavo. sUrano kevaLa tyAga karI mAtra tAra sAMbhaLI athane AdhAre ja jaraso lAvI vAMcavuM tene kavitA elavI ema kahe che. '' ane bIjuM samarthana saddagata ramaNabhAI taraphathI maLe che. vIrarasano kavitAmAM prAsa na jaIe ema pratipAdana karatAM teo kahe cheH vIrarasanI kavitAmAM jyAM cittotsAhane lIdhe vAkya ane vicAra bahu lAMbA heya tyAM babe lITIoe virAma ANavAnI pharaja rAkhavAthI bhAvanA. sAtatyamAM kSati thAya che....milTananA vAkayoccaya (period) nI kapanA gujarAtI bhASAmAM batAvavI bahu agharI che...tathApi A prakAranA vAyoccayanuM udAharaNa ApavAne eka nirbala prayatna karIzuM.. aniruddha bArIethI joi rahyo hAthamAM te bhogaLa lIdhelI ne aLagI karato pIThe khecatI okhAne -re je kAlAvAlA karatI, tenA bhaNI vaLI bole, mahilA! tuM ghelI che, kSAtra yuddhamAM jatA rokayA kadi suyA che? ghanuM garjana thaye kesarIe phALa nA bharI evuM kadI banyuM che? tathA mauvara vAge ne nAga tyAM Dele nahi evuM kadi joyuM che ? tArA bApe cAra lAkha bakarAMo mA phakyAM te joi zuM siMha koI pAchA pharI nAsI jaze? 12 A bannene huM svataMtra purAvA gaNuM chuM. eTale A vRtta. ageya che, supAya che. zrI kezavalAlabhAI kahe che tema temAM gurunuM ladhu ane laghunuM guru rU5 lekhavAnI, athavA to eka mAtrAnI be mAtrA ane enI eka gaNavAnI zithilatAno prasaMga ja prApta thatuM. nathI.13 emAM....eka paMktino adhUro bhAva game teTalI paMkitamAM yatheccha laMbAvyA TUMkAvyA vagara pUrI thaI zake che. temAM) yati 12. kavitA ane sAhitya ve. 1 luM, pR 165, 166, 1713. satyavAda ane pakSavAda pR. 10.

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya nathI, tethI pAkanuM saLaMgapaNuM svataH siddha ja che.14 pRthvomAM ApaNe joyuM ke paMktinI vaccethI upADI bIjI paMkitanI vacce mUkelA vAkyamAM pRthvIne saMvAda AvI zakato nathI. vanavelImAM evuM nathI. vAkyane game tyAMthI upADI game tyAM sudhI laI jAo ane game tyAM pUruM kare, tene saMvAda ene e ja rahe che. temAM laghu gurunAM keI nizcita sthAne nathI, eTale vANuM kevaLa arthane ja anusarI yatheccha vicarI zake, gadyanI nikaTamAM nikaTa rahevuM heya tyAM rahI zake, ane sAMbhaLatAM veMta samajAIne sIdhI asara karI zake. ahIM prazna thAya che. je vanavelImAM yati na haya, prAsa na hoya, guru laghunAM baMdhana na hoya, rAga na haya, gadyathI bhinna vAyazailI na hoya, to vanavelInuM mahatva rahyuM kayAM? caturakSara saMdhi, cAra cAra akSaronI saMdhi temAM Ave che e kharuM, paNa vAkayanA akSaro gaNatAM tenI saMkhyA 4 saMkhyAnA gurya thAya che e gaNitanI pratItimAM padyanuM manoharatva kyAM AvyuM ? ema te gAnuM paNa koI vAkaya laIne tene cArathI bhAgI zakIe chIe. te gadya ane A paghamAM pharaka zo rahyo ? Ane javAba e che ke caturakSara sadhimAM pahelA akSara para ghanAkSarIno tAla che. ane e tAlanA dhabakArA lohInA dhAkArAnI mAphaka vAkayanA paThanamAM padyane camakAra jIvanta rAkhe che. A paNa eka muzkelIne khulAso karatAM bIjI muzkelI AvIne UbhI rahe che. je cAra cAra akSare ema tAla ApyA karIe te vAkyamAM, zabdonI vacce ane arthane aniSTa jagAe paNa tAla paDavAthI vAkyapravAha khalita thAya, ane je iSTa vAyArtha pratIti mATe ApaNe vanavelI yojI che te viphaLa jAya. udAharaNa tarIke 14. sadara pR. 9.

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. arvAcIna kAvyasAhityamAM saLaMga padyaracanA pAnI pratimA pAse e paDayA gajaba thaze ! bhAie gajaba dho. huM e sAthe pahere tame paDayAH sarva zaherA paDayA ane duSTa kahIne duniyAmAM Dara vAgyo. A paThanarAlI arthane pioSaka ke ghAtaka nathI. Avo arthane viSama ke viparIta tAla e ja kaTAvanI sAme mAro mukhya vAMdho hito. paNa A vAMdhe vanavelI sAme e nathI. kaTAvano tAla joradAra che teTaluM joradAra tAla manahara ke ghanAkSarIne nathI. e tAlane, arthAnukUla vAMcatAM gauNa karI zakAya che. eTale lAMbe TUke aMtare arthane anukUla rIte, kaI caturakSara saMdhi upara tAla ApatA rahIe to padyanI pratIti jIvanta ane jAgrata rahe. A uparathI e phalita thAya che ke je lAMbA aMtara sudhI A tAla gauNa rahI jAya to vanavelImAM gaghanI zithilatA Ave. te sAthe, huM mAnuM chuM, e paNa vanavelInuM lakSaNa gaNAvuM joIe ke e tAla jyAM paDe tyAM te arthabhAranI sAthe paDa joIe. arthabhAra tyAM AvI zakato na hoya to chevaTa bhAra paDavAno vaNuM (ke rU5), bhArakSama hovo joIe. e zabdamAM e varNa (ke rU5), zabdanA svAbhAvika uccAramAM thaDakAto hovo joIe. bIjuM kaMI nahi to e zabdano Adya akSara hovo joIe, kAraNa ke gujarAtImAM zabdane AdyAkSara bhAre che.* bIjI eka vAta mane vicAravI Avazyaka lAge che. ApaNuM piMgalanA tAle badhA eka sarakhA nathI. temAM pradhAna gauNane aneka prakArane bheda-alabata mULa to saMgItajanya -che. jemake harigItanA dAdAladA saMdhimAM je be tAlo che temAMne eka bIjA karatAM vadhAre joradAra che. temaja mUlaNAnA dAladA saMdhimAM pahelA dA upara tAla piMgalamAM Apyo che, paNa chellA dA upara paNa eka + pariziSTa juo.

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80 ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya gauNa tAla che. e daSTie jotAM manahara ghanAkSarInA caturakSara saMdhimAM pahelA akSara upara tAla che. te uparAMta trIjA upara eka gauNa tAla che. eka dAkhalAthI A gauNa tAlanuM astitva batAvavA prayatna karIza. hilo milo pyAre jAna baMdagIkI rAha calo jiMdagI jarAsI tAmeM deha bahalAnA hai Ave paravAnA ane eka hU na bahAnA yAte nekI kara jAnA phira AnA hai na jAnA hai. ane eka dAkhale vanavelImAMthI laI e. . hAthI je mArAmAM nathI zakita, nathI jukti, nathI chaTA, nathI ThATha, nathI zabdanuM bhaMDaLa, nathI buddhine prabhAva, ke huM zrotAne uzkarI zakuM. ahIM hilo mila" "nathI zakti nathI jukti' vagere dareka yakSa zabdanA pahelA akSara upara tAla mUkIe topaNa ghanAkSarInA saMvAdane vikSepa Avato nathI, mane lAge che te puSTa thAya che. jo e tAla pratikUla hota to jarUra saMvAda tUTata. zrIyuta kezavalAlabhAI caturakSara saMdhithI vAya zarU karavAnuM na kahetAM harakoI ekI saMkhyAnA akSarathI vAkaya zarU karavAnuM kahe che te mane A rIte upapatra lAge che. ema karavAthI vAya pradhAna nahi te gauNa tAlathI zarU thAya che ane navA vAkya sAthe manaharanuM spandana zarU thAya che, manaharano laya tirahita thayo hoya te pAchA Avirbhata thAya che eTale tAla nAMkhavAne harakeI ekI akSara anukULa paDe. eTale arthabhAra mUkavAne tethI vadhAre sthAne prApta thAya.* AvI racanA, jemAM eka ja prakArane tAla AvyA kare, te AgaLa cAlatAM ekavidha na thaI jAya te have vicAravAne prazna rahe che. ghanAkSarInA tAlo vAraMvAra tirahita thAya, vaLI arthabhAra * pariziSTa juo.

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3. arvAcIna kAvyasAhityamAM sama padyaracanA AvatAM upara phUTI nIkaLe, ane te viSama aMtare phUTI nIkaLatA tAlothI manaharane achata laya vyakata thato rahe to ekavidhatA kalezakara te na thAya ema huM mAnuM chuM. meM upara : kahyuM tema, harakoI ekI akSare tAla pADI zakato hoya to vividhatA vadhe. ane te uparAMta paNa vividhatAne mATe mane eka avakAsa jaNAya che je ApanI samakSa vicAravA raju karuM chuM. ghanAkSarIno saMdhi caturakSara che. chatAM manaharane bekI paMkitane chelle saMdhi traNa akSarano Ave che. je manaharanI kaDI be ja paMktinI na gaNue paNa zrIyuta kezavalAlabhAIe kahyuM che tema ATha paMktinI tenI ekama gaNIe,--ane e ja tenuM yathArtha svarUpa che,-te traNa akSarano saMdhi AvatAM chatAM paNa tenA tAlanI gati satata cAlu rahe che ema mAnavuM joIe. e khUTatA eka akSarane avakAza caraNAnta virAmathI purAya che ema gaNavuM joIe. A sAcuM hoya te, huM mAnuM chuM, paMktinI vacce vAkya pUruM thAya ane virAmane avakAza hoya tyAM cAra saMdhi AvI zake. ane e rIte eka vaividhya vadhe. te uparAMta amuka saMkhyAnA akSaronI vaheMcaNathI paNa eka camatkAra AvI zake che. jema ke nAva samAja dekhI, basa sarAI kese tIrathakA melA tAme kabahu rahAguM ? AtazakI bhAjI tana sAco hai supana jaise bhUtakA kaTaka dekhI, tAmeM bharamAMcage. pAnIkA patAsA jaisA, pAnIme milAi jAta * ese paMcabhUta paMcabhUtameM milAge; dekhata hamAro cAlyo jata hai jagata yaha dekhata jagatanuM hama huM cale jAyagaM. AmAM ghaNuM jagAe aSTAkSarI khaMDa traNa traNa ane be akSaravALA zabdomAM vahecAyelo che, ane tevI vahecaNI mAtrathI paNa eka vicitrya

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82 ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya Ave che ema huM mAnuM chuM. ane AvuM saMkhyAjanya vaicitrya mAtra ghanAkSarI ane manahara jevA chandamAM ja pratIta thAya, kAraNa ke, mAtrA ke guru laghunA mApa sivAya mAtra saMkhyAnA saMvAdathI e ghaDAyelA che. A mAtra mAro tarka che. tAla thaDakAre arthabhAra e badhAne bhinna pArakhI kADhavA eTaluM muzkela che ke vidvAnonA samarthana vinA huM mArA A takane vizeSa mahattva ApI zakato nathI. vanavelI vize carcA karatAM mane eka jaNAyuM che te e ke tenA pUrA joIe teTalA prayatno thayA nathI. ApaNe juvAna lekhake ghaNIvAra dhULa jevI vArtAonA anuvAda kare che ane zekasapiyara jevA jagavikhyAta nATayakAranI kRtione gujarAtImAM utAravA kahyuM ja karatA nathI e mane bahu zocanIya lAge che. huM nathI dhAra ApaNAmAM zekasapiyarane niMdavAnI "phezana" hajI thaI hoya. yurepanA mahAna ane svadezAbhimAnI dezoe paNa zekasapiyarane svabhASAmAM utAryo che. mAtra nAnI nAnI kRtio najara AgaLa rAkhavAthI mana kalpanA ane zakti nAnI thaI jAya che. parabhASAmAMthI kAMI levuM hoya te te uttama ja levuM joIe. tyAMthI ahIM lAvatAM lAvatAM vAsI thaI jAya evI cIjane lAvIne zuM karavuM che? ApaNA piMgalanA traNa mukhya vibhAge. pahelo jene dalapatarAme akSarameLa kahyo, jemAM huM mAtra Avartana vinAnAM laghu gurunA nizcita sthAnavALAM saMskRta vRttone ja samAsa karuM, jevAM ke vasantatilakA, maMdAkrAntA. bIjo vibhAga bIjabhUta saMdhinAM AvartanavALe jemAM dalapata piMgalanA jhUlaNa harigIta jevA mAtrAmeLa chando badhA Ave, ane jemAM te uparAMta vartanavALA dalapatapiMgalanA akSarameLane paNa huM samAveza karuM, jevA ke toTaka bhujaMgI ane saMskRta sAhityanA daMDaka paNa. ane dalapatapiMgalanA akSarameLamAMthI manahara ghanAkSarI jevAne huM judA mUkuM kAraNa ke tenuM svarU5 laghu gurunAM niyata sthAne ke mAtrAnA kaI mApathI ghaDAyuM

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3. arvAcIna kAvyasAhityamAM saLaga padhaNyanA [ 3 nathI. AvA chandene, jo bIjAe kabUla kare teA, huM nAma ApyuM saMkhyAmeLanuM. A dareka vibhAgamAMthI amuka chando zeMka vanI umedavArI karavA AvyA che. akSarameLamAMthI pRthvI ane huM temAM anuSTupa umeravA mAguM chuM, mAtrAmeLamAMthI kaTAva ane jhUlaNA arthAt dAladAnAM AvanAvALA rAmachanda, ane saMkhyAmeLamAMthI vanavelI svarUpe dhanAkSarI. haveteA prayAga eTale kavizrI nhAnAlAlanu apadyAgadya piMgaLa bahAranA prayAga che, kavizrI nhAnAlAlane paNa navA chanda zeAdhavAnuM svapna na dAzaMkaramAMthI lAdhyuM. peAtAnA ghaDataranI kathAmAM teo kahe che: "ane pachI 1894 mAM vAMcI na kavitA...madhyAnha sarikhaDI dezadAjhanI jhALa na kavitAmAM dIThI. navA mahAchanda zeAdhavAnuM svapnuM ane mArA takhallusanI preraNA paNa mane tyAMthI lAvyAM. 15 zrIyuta nhAnAlAlanI A racanAnA dAkhalA ApavAnI jarUra nathI, atyAre A racanA pUrepUrI prasiddha che, tenAM anukaraNA dhaNAM thayAM che, ane tenA para puSkaLa TIkA paNa thaI che. A racanA vize carcA karatAM pahelAM ApaNA paye SaNanA mukhya muddo prathama spaSTa karavAnI jarUra che. AmAM sauthI prathama e kahevAnuM ke A racanAnI kRtie kAvya che ke nahi e ApaNA prazna nathI. kAvya e kRtineA AtmA che : ApaNe kAvyanA khAdya dehane vicAra karIe chIe. khIjuM e ke A racanA padyaracanA nathI-me upara kahyuM tema te gujarAtI piMgala, bahAranI racanAo che-e have spaSTa che. kavizrI peAte e kabUla kare che. pAtAnI ghaDatara kathAmAM parAjyanA uccAraNamAM kahe che ane ceAthuM : Aje trIsa trIsa varSonA anubhava aMte kabUlata ApuM chuM...huM zeAdhavA gayA mahAna, 65 ardhazatAbdinA anubhavakhAya, pR. 37 38

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4 ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya ne nAMgaryAM jaI ne DAlanazailInA zabdama DalamAM. me pagaluM ce pADayuM nathI. 16 anyatra kahe cheH zailI apadya che : agadya cheH apadyAgadya che. nathI : te sadAye uccAyu che ke e gadya nathI. " paNa A vanane teo nakArAtmaka kahe che. peAtAnI zailImAM eka viziSTa hakArAtmaka aMza che, ane tene ja teo kAvyanA Avazyaka aza gaNe che, te aMza te DAlana. teo kahe che : ''jagatabharanI kAvyacarcAmAM Aje te e rasasUtra saCmAnya che ke kAvyadehanuM kalevara vidhAna Metre nahi, Rhythm che, chaMda niha DAlana che.'17 mahAchandane Are sAce ja mArI ene chanda meM bhAkhyA 66 AnA artha spaSTa karavAnI jarA jarUra che. ApaNA prAcIna kAvyazAstrakAre e pahelethI ja kahyuM che ke kAvya padyamAM paNa hAya, gadyamAM paNa hAya. zAkuntala sa`mAnya dazyakAvya che. temAM gadya paNa che pA paNa che. have kavizrI kaDu che ke kAvyanuM kalevara DAlana che. ene evA a karavA kharA ke zAkuntalanA gadyamAM DAlana che, athavA te| zAkuntalanA gadyamAM DaeNAlana nathI mATe te kAvya nathI ? ane jo A khemAMthI eka paNa a na karavA, zAkuntalanA gadyane gadya ja gaNavuM hoya ane tene kAvya paNa gaNunuM hAya, teA kAvyadehanuM kalevaravidhAna DAlana che' tyAM kAvyane zA artha karavA ? jema sAhitya zabdanA be arthI che temaja kAvya zabdanA e artha che, eka sAmAnya ane bIjo viziSTaH vizAla arthAMmAM, sAhityamAM itihAsa, philasUphI, ane vijJAnaneA paNa samAveza thAya che. sAhityanA viziSTa arthamAM temAM mAtra sarjanAtmaka kalpanAtmaka sAhitya ja Ave. have sAmAnya arthamAM sanamAtra kAvya gaNAya. sarasvatIcaMdra mahAbhArata kAdaMbarI zAkuntala raghuvaMza sa kAvyA che. 16. ardha zatAbdinA anubhava`Ala, pR. 54-55 17. sadara pR. 28

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3. rvAcIna kAvyasAhityamAM saLaga padyaracanA [ 95 kavizrInA vAkyane kAvyanA A artha sAthe sabaMdha nathI. kAnya zabda A sAmAnya artha mAnya rAkhIne teneA evA viziSTa atha thAya che ke A sarjanAtmaka sAhitya amuka kATie pahoMcatAM te chandamaya ane che. tene padyaracanA ke padmabandhanI jarUra paDe che. vyavahAramAM kAvya zabda A viziSTa arthamAM ja vizeSa vaparAya che. kAvya padyamAM ja hAya e mAnyatA eTalI sAdhAraNa thaI gaI che ke je kaMI padyamAM hova te kAvya gaNAya evA bhramanu vAravAra nirasana karavuM paDe che. kavizrInA vAkyane kAvyanA A viziSTa artha sAthe sabaMdha che. chanda kAvyane niraka che ema teo kahetA nathI. ema hota te tee mahAchanda zodhavA nIkaLata nahiM. temanA kathananu pRthakkaraNa karatAM tene evA atha thAya ke kAI sUkSma AvazyakatAne lIdhe kAvyane DAlananI jarUra paDe che, e DeAlana piMgalamAnya chandothI siddha thAya che, ane DAlana temanA apadyAgadyo paNa eTaluM ja siddha thAya che. A DIlananA samarthanamAM temaNe 1909mAM indukumAranI prastAvanAmAM theDuM lakhyuM che. temAM pahelu vidhAna che ke geyatA kavitAne Avazyaka nathI.' teo kahe che " kAI paNa suprasiddha saMskRta AlakArika kavitAnI vyAkhyA bAMdhatAM chandane lakSaNa kahyuM jANumAM nathI.'-paNa AlaMkArikAe tA. gadyamAM kAvya heI zake ema kahyuM che te DeAlana kAvyane Avazyaka kahyuM nathI.-tee AgaLa kahe cheH "e kharuM che ke uchaLatuM dhasamasatuM ke dhIragaMbhIra rasanuM jharaNuM manuSyahRdayamAM phUTe che thArathI ja kaMIka anerA AMdelane DAlatuM te vahe che...asphuTa panA sphuTa thAya. vANIthI para bhAva vANImAM uttare, ane rasa rUpI AtmA kavitA deDhe avatare, vhenI sAthe ja dehanI sundaratAnI peThe, vANInu DaeNAlana paNa janme che." sadgata ramaNabhAI chanda ane prAsanA nibaMdhamAM A hetuparaMparAthI kahe che huM kavinA aMtaHkSAbhane vANImAM utaravA chandanI AvazyakatA che.

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya bannenA kathanamAM taphAvata e che ke ramaNabhAI chandane Avazyaka mAne che paNa kavizrI nAnAlAla chandane Avazyaka mAnatA nathI, teo kahe che "vANInuM e Dolana saundaryanA ane kalAnA mahAniyama pramANe racAvuM ghaTe che, kAraNa ke arthanI Antara sundaratAnI vANI to bAhya mUrti che. saundarya ane kalAne paramaniyama Symmetry18 samapramANatAne che, eka ja avayavanI punaruktiparaMparAno nathI. sundara eka kula19 ke sundara eka citra aneka aNasarakhI pAMdaDIo ke rekhAonuM baneluM bahudhA hoya che, evI ja rIte aneka aNasarakhA caraNarUpa avaye gUMthAI eka sundara kAvya paNa bane. ArasanI corasa, goLa ke trikoNa lAdInI hAro vaDe kalAvidhAyaka sundara pharasabandI banAve che, paNa hamAM ja sakala sundaratAne samAveza thavAno dAvo koI karatuM nathI. AkAza pATe prakRtino kalAnAyaka vAraMvAra je navaraMga adbhuta pharasabandI mAMDe che te kaMIka ora aNasarakhAM raMgazakalenI hoya che. temaja kavitAmAM paNa vANInI goLa ke corasa takhtIonI paraMparA ke punaruktimAM vANInA sarvasaundaryaDolanano samAveza thaI jato nathI; ane kudaratane vadhAre maLatAM aNasarakhA saundarya DolanavALI vANIne mATe sthAna rahe che.. eTale vANInuM Dolana ekasarakhuM niyamita-Regular hovuM joIe ema paNa siddha thatuM nathI. kavitAne Avazyaka vANInuM Dolana aNusarakhuM Irregular hAya he paNa je rasane anurUpa hoya to, saundaryanA temaja kalAnA mahAniyamAnusAra ja te che." 18. kavizrInA vakatavyane mATe A aMgrejI zabda sAre nathI-UlaTe jAmaka che. simeTriImAM te eka ja AkAranI punarukti hoI zake che. 19. A daSTAna paNa barAbara nathI ghaNAMkharAM phUlomAM pAMdaDIe eka ja AkAranI kesara khA AkAranI hoya che. aNasarakhI pAMdaDIovALAM phUlene paNa vacce lITI derIne evI rIte du-bhAgI zakAya che ke jamaNI ane DAbI bAjanA AkAro barAbara sarakhA thaI rahe. Ane ja simeTrI kahe che. vadhAre pAribhASika zabda kahevo hoya te bilateral symmetry

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che. arvAcIna kAvyasAhityamAM saLaga padyaracanA [ 87 ' kharI rIte AmAM sAbitI nathI. mAtra bIjI kalAmAMthI dAkhalA ApyA che, jene ApaNe upamAna (argument by analogy) saraNI kahIe. paNa kalAmAM upamAna bahu ja ochuM kAma Ave. dareka kalAnI zakti ane e zaktinI maryAdA tenA upAdAna upara AdhAra rAkhe che. kalAnuM vagIkaraNa paNa tenA upAdAnane avalaMbIne ja karAya che. kAvyamAM Aja sudhI niyamita svarUpanAM AvartanavALA chando vaparAtA hatA te uparathI ema koI dalIla na karI zake ke eTalA mATe citramAM paNa mANasonI sthiti bhAva vagerenA niyata svarUpanAM Avartana AvavAM ja joIe. to tethI UlaTI rIte citramAM aniyamitatA AvI zake che mATe kAvyane niyamita chanda na joIe evI dalIla paNa na karI zakAya. ane AgaLa jaI evI dalIla na karI zakAya ke citramAM niyamajanya laya ke tAla nathI hoto mATe nRtyamAM ke saMgItamAM paNa niyamajanya tAla na hovo joIe. AvI upamAnanika dalIla karavI hoya to kAvyacarcAmAM saMgItanuM upamAna vadhAre vajanavALuM gaNAya kAraNa ke banne zravaNagocara kalA che, bannenuM upAdAna dhvani che. eTale dareka kalAnI carcAmAM che te kalAnA anubhava uparathI ja niyamo tAravavA joIe. eTale ApaNe ApaNA anubhavamAM jevuM joIe ke temanI kRtiothI paDatA saMskAramAM Delana che ? ane kAvyane mATe je viziSTa vADmaya dehanI AvazyakatA che, je dehano citta apekSA rAkhe che, te temAM pUrI paDe che ? have kavizrI pote ja kahe che ke temanAM kAvyonAM caraNa caraNamAM kaMI eka ekasarakhuM Regular ke nizcita mApa to che ja nahIM." eTale niyata mApanI apekSA vinA temanAM kAvyomAM zuM jaNAya che tenuM pRthakkaraNa karavA prayatna karIe. prathama to e ke temanAM kAvyomAM je judI judI laMbAInI paMktie pADelI che, te vAkyanA arthavirAma pramANe pADelI che.

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@ ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya paNa avarAmeAthI jeTalA TukaDA thaI zake teTalA nAnAmAM nAnA TukaDA temaNe thavA dIdhA nathI. indukumAra bhA. 1 lAnI aneka paMktie joyA pachI mane jaNAyuM che ke temanI nAnAmAM nAnI pakti 5 akSaranI che ane meATAmAM mATI pa`kti 19 akSarano che.19 A zenI dhArA mArA haiyAnI dhArA DhaLe che ? ma 29 ke pelA stUrI mRganI skverI ? jANe Aje mhe svaga'nI aTArImAM joyuM ! naNe Aje mhe jIvananA uddeza nirakhyA ! jarmana jahAjanuM bhavasAgare sAhasa, napAnanAM jayara'gI kesariyAM, upara vistaratA vaikArtita uSAkhaMDa, grIsa misaranA purANa kIrtilekha, imahammadanI jagajAnavIonAM gaMgAtrItI 19 ke dInabadhu TAlasTAya sameADA dUravAsI mahAtmAonAM dAnaH 5 27 5 pR 31 pR. 59 AthI nAnA vAkayavibhAgeAnI paMkitao temaNe karI nathI. paramadhAmanI madhurI menA, mRta mAtAnA avazeSa azru, trIjo bhAga jotAM jaNAyuM ke 19. pachIthI indukumAranA bIjo ane nAnAmAM nAnI pati 4 akSaranI ane 3 nI paNa thAya che ane meTAmAM meTI ra akSara sudhI jAya che. "hAyastA " bhAga 2. pR. 35. bhAga 3. pR. 97, " hA, bhAbhI ! hA " pR. 99, "nepeAliyana zAmeIna sIjhara ke sIkannura upara" bhAga 2. pR. 69 temAM 21 akSarA " jaie pakti joyAnuM yAda che paNa che. eka jagAe ethI paNa vadhAre akSaranI te pakti atyAre zeAdhI zakatA nathI.

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ru. arvAcIna kAvyasAhityamAM saLaga padyaracanA khIlyA, heAyA, prAzyA, AthamyA, ne peDhayA pitRkuMjamAM mAtAnI shADamAM. AmAM trIjI paktimAM kavie ja dareka zabda pachI apavirAma mUkayuM che, e ja khatAve che ke dareka virAme temaNe vAkaya kApIne pakti karI nathI. A uparAMta temanI kRtiekanA pAnamAM paMktio jANe bhAva pramANe dhIme dhIme lAMbI TUMkI thAya che, ane tenA pAnamAM dhvaninA eka prakAranA AreAha avareha, caDha utara pratIta thAya che. udAharaNa tarIke eka gahana karuchu bhAvavALA pArIthrAk utAruM chuM: A sandhikA tA mArA AtmAne rUMdhe che. STine krame che, bhAsAbhAsa kare che jANe jagata bharI AMjhavAM tare. mAruM kuTu*ba kyAM haze ? sArA bhAga jeI vaLI. ekalAM teA AMsu AvI jAya cheH vhIluM vhIluM lAge che-vagaDA jevuM, manuSyanI majarI mhAM mhAraze jo kuTu"khanA sahakArathI kharaze te ? jIva ApyA te! jANe mhArA kuTuMba kuTuMba jape che. bhavasAgaranA e muja vhelA A kai dizAmAM have zeAdhu' ? arere! paNa hRdayanI AjJA eka, ne caraNanAM cAlavAM khIjA. Ama na Ava huM ho ye pagalAM vaLe che ra . v ra 11 14 [ huM 12 13 ro G

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* ] e dila dAkhavI dizAmAM. jamaNuM nayana svarga juve ne DAbu' nayana naratamigrA. ghaDIkanAM hasavAM re ghaDIkanAM raDavAM. amRtanI bharI, AzA arvAcIna gujarAtI phAnyasAhitya ane anubhavA lIlA jheranAka e jIvana keTaluM nabharaze ? AtmA azru sAre, ne mukhaDe bharalaDAM; e AnandanA utsava keTalA kAlanA ? jagata eTale ja janma ane mRtyuka mhAre haiye je janmyuM che te mRtyu pIvA haze ! manaDAnA parvata kAtarI kAie guphA gADhavI vAsa mAMDavA; nirjana mUkIne e nAThA. have kaMI dhUNInA jogIne nhAtarUM vasavA e mananI sTuDIomAM ? phAi humajAvazeAhamanazA hune ke antaranI echipA hAMthI utare che ? AMsunA ubharA Ave amathA amathA e zAthI zamatA haraze? prabhA ! A sAndhiA tA mArA AtmAne rUMdhe che ... 10 13 15 11 1. 6 8 14 13 G 10 13 13 14 14 14 10 A lAMbA avataraNu uparathI gheADA hIe te--tAravI zakAya che. prathama e ke jo eka ja vAkya e paMktimAM vaheMcAyelu DhAya te te be paMktionI akSarasaMkhyAmAM mATeA phera nathI hAtA. pR. 106-7-8 niyame jo tene niyame

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* * w w 9 S S = = 3. arvAcIna kAvyasAhityamAM saLaga padyaracanA ha1 manuSyanI maMjarI kahAM maheraze je kuTuMbanA sahakArathI kharaze te ? jIva Akhe te jANe hAre kuTuMba kuTuMba janme che. eka ja vAkya je traNa paMktimAM vaheMcAyeluM hoya che te paNa tenA traNe ya vibhAganA akSaronI saMkhyAmAM bahu moTo phera nathI hoto. Ama na jAva kahu ho ye pagalAM vaLe che e dila dAkhavI dizAmAM. + + rAjapravRttinI cAkhaDIe haDanArane nathI vilAsarAvArtha mATenI navarAza, ke virakti mATenI azraddhA vA avagaNanA. 16 pR. 42 paNa AmAMno eka paNa niyama avyabhicArI nathI. athavA kahe ke te niyama ja nathI. paMktimAM paNa apavirAmo Ave che eTale paMkitaonA akSare gaNavA e eka rIte gaSaNanI beTI dizA che. mAruM vaktavya vadhAre spaSTa karyuM. kavizrInA zabdAvalInA bAhya rUpamAM te koI jAtano niyama nathI. to e jovuM rahyuM ke tenA artha ane tenA bAhyarUpa vaccenA saMbaMdhamAMthI koI niyama zodhI zakAya tema che? paNa e paNa sAcI dizA nathI, kAraNa ke kavizrIe arthavirAma pramANe paMktio racI nathI. eTale artha ane zabdo vaccenA sabaMdhamAMthI niyama jaDe tepaNa te niyamo kavizrInI paMktinA niyamo nahi ja heya. arthAta kavizrInI paMktio niyama vinAnI ja che. ane temAM huM kazuM navuM kahetA nathI. kavizrIe pote e ja kahyuM che. eka bIjI bAbata uparanAM avataraNamAMthI jaNAI Ave che. te e ke vAkayamAM zuddha vyAkaraNanI racanAne eTale pahele kartA ane pachI vidheya e kramane ghaNI jagAe vyutkama thayo che. uparanI nathI vilAsasvArtha mATenI navarAza

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2 ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya e pa`ktimAM paDeluM vidheya ane pachI kartA Ave che. A zailInAM gadyamAM paNa eTalAM badhAM anukaraNeA thayAM che ke vadhAre dAkhalA ApavAnI mane jarUra jaNAtI nathI. A uparAMta temanI kRtinuM eka lakSaNa vAkyAnuM samatAlapaNu che. vacamAMthI krUmatuM pakaDayu. heAya ane dAMDI sIdhI rahe tevu` samatAlapaNuM nahi, paNa jANe athADo A bAjU ane zeDo sAmenI bAju vaheMcAIne dAMDI . jarA jhele caDe evu.-- jamaNuM nayana svarga juve ne DAbu nayana nara tamisrA. ghaDInAM hasavAM ne ghaDIkanAM raDavAM. AzA amRtanI bharI ane anubhavA lIlA jheranA. e jIva keTaluM nanaze ? AtmA azru sAre, ne mukhaDe malaDAM; e AnandanA utsava keTalA AmAM ne' ke * ane'thI judAM paDatAM trAjavAmAM tALAya che. 6 kAlanA ? vAye| jANe sAmasAmA eka vakhata eka vidvAna sAthe A racanAnI carcA thatAM evA tarka rajU thayelA ke A racanAmAM khIjo kaze! nahi paNa eTalA niyama che ke tenI dareka paktimAM e jagAe abhAra Ave che, ane e rIte te taddana niyamarahita nathI. keTalIka 5tiomAM evuM dekhAya che kharuM, jemake juve jamaNuM nathana jamaNuM ne DAbu' nayana naramisrA. * x AzA amRtanI bharI svaga

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3. arvAcIna kAvyasAhityamAM saLaga padyaracanA ane anubhave lIlA jharanA AtmA abu sAre ne mukhaDe marakalaDAM. dhasaMdhinunA parAjane to prabhu AdezanI bhavya veNa jagatanuM ja bharI sahakArI AzA utsAhano mahAgIta amRtakiraNazI agulie sI prANatatrImAM cheDavAM. paNa Avo paNa niyama karI zakAya tema nathI. vAkyamAM arthabhAra ocho vatto eka jagAe Ave che temAM kayo gaNavo ane ko na gaNa e prazna raheze ja. ane A niyamanA spaSTa apavAdanAM daSTAMta upara ja AvI gayAM che; kAraNa ke jyAM eka ja paMkitamAM cAra zabdomAM darekanI pachI alpavirAma hoya tyAM to dareka upara arthabhAra gaNavo ja joIe, eTale ke temAM cAra arthabhAro Ave ja. uparanA ja avataraNane AgaLa laMbAvatAM rakSA, cAraNa, dAhana, mIna aneka zramavidhi sAthI sAdhI ane te sivAya paNa ethI vadhAre arthabhAronA dAkhalA che. kapAyelA vAMsanA akura upara varSanI jelabharI vAdaLa varase ne gaganabhedI vaMza ,

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya zIvanane aMte eha. cAvaja ! phUTayo che hamAre Aja. pR. 46 mitAbheda bhUlavatI purI, dhamanI vasAvela samI vaNArasI, javADI je yamunAne tIra premabhaktinA parimalavata vRndAvananI ke ja, pa. 49 uparanA pahelA avataraNamAM bIjI ane cothI paMkitamAM traNa sthaLAe arthabhAra che ane chellI paMkitamAM mAtra pahelA ja zabda upara arthabhAra che. ane bIjA avataraNamAM pahelI traNamAM traNa sthale ane cothImAM cAra sthale arthabhAra che. chevaTa pradhAna gauNa arthabhAra saMbaMdhI puSkaLa matabhedane to avakAza che ja. eTale e dhAraNa upara paNa kazo niyama jaDe tema nathI. eTale temanI kRtienAM lakSaNe ApaNe ATalAM ja gaNAvI zakIe. paThanamAM anubhavAte eka prakArano Aroha avaroha, vyAkaraNanI dRSTie vAkyanA zabdone vyutkrama, vAkya ane artha bannenI daSTie eka prakAranuM samatalapaNuM, have mAro namra abhiprAya e che ke A traNeya lakSaNe sadgata ramaNabhAI jene rogayukta gadya (Impassioned prose) kahe che temAM hoya che : paheluM dRSTAnta rajanInA gujarAtI bhASAntaramAMthI ApuM chuM. mULa gadya kavizrInI apadyAgava zilImAM UtarI zake che ema batAvavA te ja rIte lakhuM chuM. e gaMgApravAhanI aMdara retInA ArA AgaLa rajanI UbhI che ! rajanI jaLamAM utare che. dhIre ! dhIre! dhIre !

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' 3. arvAcIna kAcasAhityamAM saLaga pagharacanA adha chatAM vAMkI bhambaravALI; vikraLa chatAM sthira; (e) prabhAtanI zAntithI zItaLa banelI bhAgIrathInA jevI gaMbhIra, dhIra, tema ja e ja bhAgIrathInA jevI aMtaramAM ku ya vega dharAvanArI dhIre dhIre, dhIre, jaLamAM utare che. dekhAva kevA sura ! rajanI kevI sundara ! vRkSa uparathI AvatI navA mahAranI khusakhe! peThe, dUrathI sA~bhaLAtA sagItanA zeSabhAga peThe, rajanI jaLamAM dhIre dhIre dhIre utare che ! re, rajanI dhIre X * dIThI kRta e mRdu mRdu nAda karatI gaMgA; ane dhIre dhIre jaLamAM utaratI rajanI ! AMkha mIcI te phI dIThI, e ja ga'gA ane e ja rajanI 1 * pharI joyuM teA pharI dIThI e ja gagA ane e ja rajanI ! bIjI dizAe jouM chuM teA phrI e ja rajanI dhIre dhIre dhIre jaLamAM utare che. U'ce jo' chuM te UMce paNa AAzavihAriNI rajanI 1 G 13 12 12 14 9 11 [ d 6 10 16 14 T n 9 11 9 . 1908 7 10 e [ ma

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ha6 ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya | dhIre dhIre dhIre jaLamAM utare che. 16 alabata, A pramANe game te gadyakhaMDane A zailImAM na utArI zakAya. jemAM bhAva pradhAna heya. ane e bhAvane lIdhe gadya ArahaavarahavALuM banyuM hoya, tene ja utArI zakAya. vaLI e bIjuM yAda rAkhavAnuM ke kavizrInI kRtiomAM jema 5 ane 19 akSara vaccenI ja paMktio Ave che tema darekamAM nahi Ave, kAraNa ke dareka gadyalekhake evuM pramANa svIkAreluM hetuM nathI. vaLI e paNa kharuM ke ethI karIne "kAraNa ke" vagere hetusaMbaMdha darzAvanArA zabdo, utkaTa bhAva prakaTIkaraNamAM evA bauddhika vyApArane ocho avakAza - hevAthI, kavizrInI zilImAM AvatA nathI ane je gavamAM Ave te temanI zailImAM ghaTAvavA jarA muzkela paDe. bIjo dAkhala kavizrAnI * uSA'mAMthI ja lauM chuM. sUrajamALA caDhAve caDe e rAsa ghUmate hato. uSAnAM aMge upara candanI DhaLAtI hatI, ne aMganI candanI pharatuM AjavaNuM oDhaNuM hatuM. saritAnI UrmiomAM taratI dIpanaukAo jhabake ne mIcAya tema oDhaNunI UrmiomAM jhIkanA tAralA taravaratA. kamaLanAM phUla upara jema gherAM kamalapatranA ghera DhAMkatA ne puSpane dAkhavatA uDe ne paDe tema 16. rajanI bIjI AvRtti, pU. 120

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3. arvAcIna kAvyasAhityamAM saLaga IMcanA henAM caraNAravinda upara caNiyAnA dhera matA. 17 vAkayeAnuM pramANa jarA mATuM thavA daI e te| tevA vAkayasamuccaye sarasvatIcandranA bhAvayukta gadyamAMthI maLaze. sararavatIcaMdra 1lA bhAganuM 19 mu` prakaraNa-rAtri saMsAra. javanikAnuM chedana ane vizuddhinu zASana-- temAMthI rR. 318 methI kumudanI maneAdazAnA vanamAMthI gheADA bhAga utAruM chuMH " bArI pAse AvI tema tema ATalI kriyA paNa adha thaI gaI." e vAkya cheDIne utAruM chuM. AMkhA udhADI chatAM . dRSTikriyA virAma pAmI hAya nize| sTuDayA hAya tema bhAtabhAtanAM lIlAM pILAM dekhAvA mAMDayAM. tammara huDI hAya tema AkhI meDI najara AgaLa gALa pharavA-taravA mAMDI ane sAmI bhIta paLavAra hIcakA khAtI vAgI, paLavAra samudramAM Deya tema ii nIcI thatI bhAsI, ane paLavAra kaMpatA dapa NamAM dekhAtI hoya tema nhAnI mATI thatI lAgI. " have zuM karavuM" karI AMkhamAtuM pANI sukAI gayuM. kAnamAM prathama tA rAtrinI garjanA jevA terIne svara TakaTakArA karI rahyo hatA n " tene ThekANe ' anahada nAda sasaLAvA lAgyA. nAsikAmAM zvAsa rUMdhAI rahyo ane prANAyAma jAte utpanna thayA. khelavuM, gaNagaNavuM, zvAsa levA, 17, uSA pR. 98 [20

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya sarva doDI hAM adha-ughADuM rahI gayuM ane upara nIce na hAlatI na cAlatI dAMtanI hAre rahI gai -jANe ke madanacitAmAM mukavA sAruM saba ja goThavI mUkyuM hoya ane e citA purepurI taiyAra thavAnI vATa jovAtI hoya, bANabhaTTa je lAMbAmAM lAMbAM vAkyo ane TUMkAmAM TUMkAM vAkyo lakhavAmAM sarakho nipuNa che tenA granthamAMthI AvA Aroha-avarehavALA gadyanA ghaNu phakarA maLI zake. huM mAtra TUMkAM vAne eka ja dAkhala ApuM chuM. ane te paNa je ati prasiddha thaI cUkale che evo- devi kimatra kriyatAm daivAyatte vastuni / bhalaM ruditena / na vayam anugrAhyAH prAyo devatAnAm / AtmajaparivaMgAsvAdasukhasya nUnam abhAjanam asmAkaM hRdayam / anyasmin janmani na kRtaM avadAtaM karma / janmAntaravihitaM karma phalamupanayati puruSasya iha janmani / na hi zakyaM daivam anyathA kartu abhiyuktenApi / 17 yAvat mAnuSyake zakyaM upapAdayitum tAvat sarvamupapAdyatAm / adhikAM kuru, devi ! guruSu bhakim / dviguNAm upapAdaya ... mn

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3. arvAcIna kAvyasAhityamAM saLaga padyaracanA devatAsu pUjAm / RSijana paricaryA su darzitAdarA bhava / X X mAmapi dahatyeva ayam aharnizam anala iva anapatyatAsamudbhavaH zokaH / zUnyamiva me pratibhAti jagat / aphalamiva akhilaM pazyAmi x jIvitaM rAjyaM ca / apratividheye tu vidhAtari kiM karomi / tan mucyatAM devi zeokAnubandhaH / AdhIyatAM dhairye dharme ca dhIH / 12 16 11 11 6 15 51 10 [ jANI joIne meM kAbarInA bhASAntaramAMthI dAkhalA na ApatAM mULamAMthI ApyA che, kemake vAkayaracanAnA vyutkramanA dAkhalA asalamAM suMdara che. ane uccArasaundarya mULanuM mane vadhAre dAkhaleA ApavA yeAgya lAgyuM. paNa kAdaMbarIteA dAkhalA ApIne huM je siddha karavA mAgu chuM, te kavizrIe peAte, pareAkSa rIte, upaniSadanA phakarA apadyAgadyamAM vaNIne batAveluM che. indukumAranA trIjA aMkamAM chamA pravezamAM pR. 130me taittirIya upaniSadamAMthI prasiddha zikSAvallI utArI che. A zikSAne bhAJa kavizrIe mULanAM virAma cihno ke daDA pramANe utAryAM nathI paNa mULanA daDAne dUra rAkhI peAtAnI apadyAgadya zailImAM utAryAM che. dAkhalA tarIke mULamAM sarca va| dharmezvara / svAdhyAyAmAtramara : | che tene temaNe nIce pramANe lakhyuM che. satya vavuM, dharma 26, svAdhyAyAnmA pramadaH temaja AgaLa jatAM mULamAM nIce pramANe che. cAmyanavapatti mmAM i!

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100 ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya tAni sevitavyAni / no itarANi / yAnyasmAkaM sucaritAni. / tAni copAni | no tAni te temaNe nIce pramANe utAryuM che - yAni anavadyAni karmANi, tAni sevitavyAni, no itarANi; yAni asmAkaM sucaritAni, - tAni svayovAsthAni, no utarAji. arthAta kavizrIe AkhuM avataraNa pitAnA apadyAgadyanA DhALAmAM nAMkhyuM che. have A avataraNane ApaNe Aja sudhI gadya jANatA AvyA chIe. niSpanna e thAya che ke temanA kAvyane mATe je Dolana teo Avazyaka mAne che te gadyamAM hoI zake che,-gAne te jarA paNa visaMvAdI nathI. hajI eka dAkhalo citrAMgadAnA bI. mahAdeva desAInA bhASAntaramAMthI utAruM chuM. ajuna mithyAkhyAti, eka mukhethI bIje mukhe, ane eka kAnethI bIje kAne prasare che; kSaNajIvI tuSAra uSAne ramatamAM DhAMke che, jyAM sudhI sUryodaya na thAya tyAM sudhI ja. he sarale, A durlabha saundaryasaMpadadvArA mithyAnI upAsanA karo nahi. kahA to kharAM, koNa che te sarvazreSTha vIra dharaNanA sarvazreSTha kulane ? citrAMgadA koNa che tame parakIrti-adekhA, e sanyAsI ! A bhuvanamAM kone e vAta ajANa che. ke kuruvaMza sarva rAjavaMzane mukuTa che? ajuna kuruvaMza! citrAMgadA te ja vazamAM eka che akSayakIrti, vIrendra kesarI.

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3. arvAcIna kAvyasAhityamAM saraLa padyaracanA nAma sAMbhaLyuM che temanuM ? ajuna bolo, sAMbhaLuM tamAre mukhe. citrAMgadA ajIna, gAMDIva dhanu, bhuvanavijetA. jagatanA samasta nAma bhaMDAramAMthI A akSaranAma cerI laI, jatana karI, chupAvI rAkhI, meM mArA kaumAra hadayane bharI dIdhuM che. brahmacArI ! vyAkula kema dekhAo che ? tyAre zuM e mithyA che? zuM mithyA che arjuna nAma? kahA A ja kSaNe; je te mithyA hoya te hadaya bhAMgI tene verI dauM? eka mukhethI bIje mukhe, . eka kAnethI bIje kAne bhale te uDatuM rahe, nArInA aMtaramAM tene sthAna nathI. 13 pR.15-17 ghaNA dAkhalA ApavAnuM eka ja kAraNa che, ke kavizrInI kavitAmAM vAyaracanAthI, lAMbI TUMkI paMktiothI, dhvaninA Aroha avarehathI, vAkonA samatolapaNAthI, ane evA pRthakkaraNamAM pakaDAtAM ane nahi pakaDAtAM lakSaNothI citta upara je asara thAya che te ja uparanAM vAkyomAMthI thAya che ke nahi, te samajI zakAya." A prazna pratyakSa anubhava che. ghaNuM lAMbA samayathI kavizrInAM kAvyanA eka rasapUrvaka zraddhApUrvaka vAMcanAra tarIke huM mAre anubhava kahuM chuM--ethI vizeSa kAI kAMI na karI zake--ke enI je kAMI viziSTatA che te sarva ucca bhAvavALA rAgayukta gadyamAM hoya che, te kavitAnI viziSTa racanA karatAM gadyanI viziSTa zailI che ema kahevuM vadhAre yogya che. je kAdaMbarI AkhuM ye gala che,

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102 ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya jo upaniSadanI zikSAvallI gadya che, jo rajanI gadya che, jo citrAMgadA gadya che, te! A paNa gadya ja che. uparathI A zailIne jagatamAM bIjA keTalAMka sAhitya sAthe sarakhAvAya che ane te kAvyeAcita viziSTa zailI che evA matanA ullekha thAya che. zrI dhanajIbhAI phakIrabhAI zrI kavi ane khrIstI dharma 'nA lekhamAM kahe che ke hibru sAhityamAM prAsAnuprAsa gadya ane padma Ave! bheda paDatA nathI, paNa temAM kavitAnuM mukhya lakSaNa Rhythm che. hibru kavitAmAM mAtrAnI niMta saMkhyA athavA caraNanI cAkkasa laMbAInuM baMdhana nathI. taduparAMta hibru kavitA vicAreAnI tAlabaddatA ane vAkayeAnI samateAlatA upara AdhAra rAkhe che, e ke vadhAre lITIonAM zabda ane vastunA yuktisara sabaMdha ane samateAlana AvavAM joi e. Ane Parallelism kahe che." te pachI tenA dAkhalA ApelA che. paNa A je hAya te gadyazailI che, gadyane camatkAra che, padyaracanAne| nahi ja. rIte citta upara saMskAra mUke che tevA AnAMthI thatA nathI. eTaluM ja nahi, A lekhakanuM chelluM vAkaya jovA jevuM che, teo kahe che kavitAnAM lakhANa AvAM Parallelism thI bharapUra che. uSA vagere gadyane paNa evuM padya ke gadyapadya rUpa zakAya. mAre eTaluM ja kahevAnu rahe che. ane A paNa gadya che. 3 je 66 sahelAIthI ApI uSA gadya che 93 ghaNIvAra kArAna ane vedanA maMtrAnI sAthe A zailIne sarakhAvAya che. kaiArAna, DhAMbhaLavA pramANe, prAsamadda gadya che. rIte racanAmAM te marAThI AvIne vadhAre maLatuM che, 18 te dI ane e kALanI 18. nIce eka marAThI AvIne TUMkA dAkhalA Apu' chuM. harUti nAnA sAcAsa ! kelA caudA vidyAMcA abhyAsa ! riddhi siddhi sAvakAsa / vALalyA jarI tarI sadagurukRpe virahita ! sathA na ghare sahita

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che. arvAcIna kAvyasAhityamAM saLaga paracanA che paraMparAthI rUDhithI ane tenA pAThakanA pUjyabhAvathI amuka pralaMbita dhvanithI paDhAya che, paNa e paThanapaddhati atyAre ApaNe gai te zuM paNa padyane paNa anukULa na gaNIe. vedanA maMtro udAtta anudAtta svaritanA bhedathI uccArAtA jenI kharI paraMparA atyAre haze ke kema te jANavAmAM nathI. vaLI e maMtre paNa gavAtA, ane atyAranI ApaNI saLaMga padyaracanAo badhI ja ageya che, ageyatA e eno pahelo dAvo che, ane game te kahIe to paNa vedanI padyaracanAo paNa niyamita akSara saMkhyAvALI to che ja. tenI sAthe sarakhAvAya te vanavelI sarakhAvAya, A apadyAgadya racanA nahi ja. A saMbaMdhamAM kavizrIne pitAnuM eka vAkya vicAravA jevuM che. teo kahe che ke 1898 nA mArcamAM Dolana zelI janmI. Aje 1927 mAM, trIsa trIsa varSanI sAphalyasiddhine ane huM uccAruM chuM ke Dolana zelI eTale vIsamI sadInI pahelI paccisInI gurjara sAhityanI hAra ne chata. e mahAnda nathI, eTalI enI hAra che; cemapurIcA anartha cunA eNe che java nAhIM jJAna prAptI mAM tava cuke nA yAtAyAtI mAM gurukRpe viNa adhogatI ! garbhavAsa cuke nA ! thAna dhAraNA mudrA Asana bhaktI bhAva ANi bhajana ! sakaLa hi phela brahmajJAna java te prApta nAhI che sadgurU davA na joDe ANI bhalatI cakaDe vAvaDe jese AMdhaLe cAcarena paDe gArI ANuM gaDadhamAM jaise netrI ghAlitAM aMjanA paDe daSTIsa nidhAna teoM sadguru vacane jJAna prakAza hoya che svAmI rAmadAsanuM dAsabodha 5-1-37 thI 38 AmAM laghu guru mAtrA saMkhyA kazAne meLa nathI. mAtra aMjanInI peThe traNa caraNamAM prAsa rAkhI cothuM caraNe prAsa vinAnuM rAkhavuM eTale ja niyama che. gujarAtI kAvyamAM mAtra eka kavi narmadAzaMkare ja Ane akhataro karyo che. juo narmagadha A. ke. pR. 767.

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14 ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya enAthI vadhAre rasavAhi mahAchanda zodhAze tyahAre e hAraze, eTalI enI chata che." huM pUchuM chuM mahAchanda e paNa chanda ja haze ne? apadya to nahi ja hoya ne ? have je kAvyane mAtra Dolana ja Avazyaka hoya, eka sarakhA varSonI Avartana paraMparA Avazyaka na ja hoya te mahAchandanI have jarUra ja zI rahI ? mahAchandanI jarUra eTalA mATe che ke kAvyane game te paNa chanda ja joIe chIe. achAndasa bhASA ene phAvatI nathI. ane DolanazailI achAndasa che. A carcA pUrI karatAM pharI kahuM chuM ke A apadyAgadyamAM lakheluM sAhitya kAvya che ke nahi te prazna ahIM nathI. prazna mAtra eTalo che ke vADamaya sarjana kalpanA ane bAvanI amuka kaTie pahoMcatAM amuka viziSTa racanA mAge che, tenI sUkSma AvazyakatA pUrI pADavA ApaNe Aja sudhI chandomaya racanA karatA, te AvasthatA A navI racanAmAM pUrI paDe che? mAre namra javAba nakAramAM che. ene je kAMI DAlana che te uttama Avezayama gaghanA saMskRta gujarAtI baMgALI bhASAnA namUnAmAM paNa che, ane e sAdhamma uparathI tene gadya zilI ja gaNavI joIe. enuM koI lakSaNa gadya sAthe visaMvAdI nathI. ane e padya to nathI ja. kavizrInI viziSTa zilI bhale padyaracanA na heya paNa gujarAtI kAvya sAhitya upara tenA pravezanI ghaNI mahattvanI asara che temAM zaMkA nathI. A viSaya ghaNo rasamaya che, paNa kAvyanI zailIo upara huM have pachInA vyAkhyAnamAM bolavAne chuM. eTale tene huM ahIM cheDI zakato nathI. have padyaracanAne viSaya pUro karatAM mAre eTaluM ja kahevAnuM rahe che ke ApaNo jamAno padyaracanAnA prayogo kahI zakAya, ane e prayogonI preraNuM aMgrejI sAhityane paricaya che. tema chatAM ApaNu prayoge zuddha dezI, ApaNI bhASAnA ghaDatara upara AdhAra

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3. arvAcIna kAvyasAhityamAM saLaga pagharacanA [ 105 rAkhanArA ja che. pahelAM be vyAkhyAnamAM meM batAvyuM hatuM ke pAracanAnA ghaNuM prayoga saphaLa thayA che. beMka varsanA paNa ahI jaNAvyA tevA aneka prayogo thayA che. te dareka pitapotAnI rIte upayogI thaI zake tevo che; joke te sAthe mAre umeravuM joIe ke AkhyAna kAvyo (epic poems) ne mATe beMka varsanI sauthI nikaTa jaI zake tevI padyaracanA pRthvI che, ane huM mAnuM chuM anuSkapa paNa enA jevuM kAma ApI zake. ane daya kAvyo mATe vanavelI upayogI thAya ema huM mAnuM chuM, jo ke tenA hajI ghaNuM vadhAre akhatarA thavAnI jarUra che. aMtamAM sannata ramaNabhAInA AzAjanaka zabdo bolI pUruM karIza. teo kahe che " gujarAtI chaMdamAM A khoTa pUrI pADavAnI cacI utpanna thaI che ane te mATe prayatna paNa thAya che e AzAjanaka cihna che. vIrarasanI evI zailInAM kAvya lakhanAra kavi jAgaze tyAre tene hAthe ApoApa akaLa chanda upajaze. nadI parvatamAMthI nIkaLIne vahetI jAya che tema pitAne mArga paNa ghaDatI jAya che tema kavitA paNa potAnA uccArano mArga pitAnA vegathI ghaDe che."

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pariziSTa badhA vanavelImAM lAMeTU ke aMtare tAla jyAM nAMkhavA DhAya tyAM te bhArakSama vI upara paDavA joIe ema me kahyu che. tAla A ja vAta zrIyuta khabaradAre kalakAnI prastAvanAmAM peAtAnA muktadhArA chandanuM svarUpa samajAvatAM kahelI che. mukatadhArA vize A vyAkhyAnAmAM meM kazuM kahyuM nathI. tenuM e kAraNa ke ravarabhAranA tattva upara ApI bhASAmAM chande racI zakAya ke nahi te hujI ApaNA sAhityane phUTa prazna che ane bhASAnA e praznamAM huM AvAM sAmAnya vyAkhyAnAmAM UtarI zakuM nahi. zrIyuta kezavalAlabhAI e padyaracanAnI carcAmAM svarabhAranA tattavanI carcA karI che paNa te paNa te tattva upara padyaracanA thaI zake te khAbatamAM zaMkAzIla jaNAya che. svarabhAranuM tattva alaga rAkhatAM manahara ane muktadhArAnA bheda ghaNA sAde che. manaharanI ekI pati 15 akSaranI che, muktadhArAnI 14 nI che. ane tenA aMtyAkSara ararita A Ave che,-eTalA ja. tenI vizeSatA manaharatA tAla mUkavAta karavAno vaNInI pasaMdagImAM zrI khabaradAra kahe che ke A tAla, ApaNI bhASAmAM zabdAmAM je akSara svapirata heya tenA upara ja paDavA joIe. zabdomAM kace akSara svarita che te saMbadhI te ba hadda vyAkaraNanA niyamA Ape che. vanavelInI carcAmAM huM zrI khabaradAra sAthe eTale aMze maLatA thAI chuM ke vanavelInA tAla jyAM nAMkhavA heya tyAM te zabdanA AdyAkSara upara ja nAMkhaveA, anyatra nahi. paNa tema chatAM meM mArAM vyAkhyAnamAM kahyuM che (pR para) tema A dvaita kheAlAyelA svarane huM svara ja gaNuM chuM zrIyuta khakharadAre ApelA dAkhalAmAM A vAtane vicAratAM |kA hugalI | jamanA ' 1 ! vAta Avi | cAratAM ! | hugalI | jamanA | e - ema pATha rAkhA paNa banne jagyAe ta 2 gaja e kRta elAtA svareAte caturakSara sadhimAM ekeka AkhA svara gaNavA ja joIze, nahitara manahara thaze ja naMha. ane akSarameLamAM paNa

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pariziSTa pharatAM pharatAM Avyo eka mAlatimaMDa5 temAM "pharatAM" zabdo uccAra ane kaI rIte asvAbhAvika thato lAgato nathI. eTaluM ja ke sAmAnya gadyamAM ApaNe utAvaLuM bolatAM je keTalAka varSone kacarI nAMkhIe chIe tema ahI kacarIe to cAle nahi. paNa evI rIte kavitA mezAM gadya karatAM judI jAtanuM spaSTa zuddha gaMbhIra bhAvAnukUla paThana mAge ja che. (juo Oxford Lectures on Poetry by A. C. Bradley, Poetry for poetry's sake. P.4. ane pR. 28 uparanI Note A). uparanI manaharanI paMktiomAM paNa-banemAM paNa-gadyanI peThe e paMktione uccAra nathI ja karavAne. chatAM uparanI manaharanI paMktiomAM zrI khabaradAra pahelI karatAM bIjI paMkita manaharane vadhAre anukULa kahe che tenI sAthe huM saMmata thAuM chuM. ane tene khulAso manaharanA caturakSara saMdhimAM pahelA akSara upara je tAla che tethI gauNa tAla trIjA akSara upara che ema mAnavAthI thAya che. vAra vicAratAM hugalI ke jarmanA * AmAM pradhAna tAlane mATe meM moTI lITI karI che ne gauNane mATe nAnI lITI karI che. uparanI paMkitamAM pradhAna tAla zabdanA Ag akSara para che te barAbara che. paNa gauNa tAla asvarita ke kUta bAlatA para paDe che te akSara tAlakSama nathI. ane zrI. khabaradAre sUcavelA pAThAntaramAM e muzkelI jatI rahI che; eTale zrI khabaradAranA matano khulAso meM sUcavela pradhAna gauNa tAlanI vyavasthAthI thAya che, A carcAmAM ghaNuM mUlagAmI prajane Ave che, paNa AthI vadhAre A viSayanI huM ahIM carcA karI zakato nathI. mAtra mAro abhiprAya spaSTa karI ATalAthI saMtoSa mAnuM chuM.

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zabdasUcI ageyatA 59-63, 68, 69 addala chaMda 25 anavara - * anuSTupa 5, 41, 46, 68 }- 70, 83, 105 apadyAgadya 58, 83-104 abhaga 18 abhyasta zikhariNI71-72 TIpa marjuna 9 - abhAra 80, 82, 9294 akSarameLa 11, 12, 38, 51, 64, 6, 82, 83, AkAMkSA 43 AkhyAna kAvyA 5, 105 AkhyAnI p Anadezakara 1 indravajrA 32, 35, 38 indravazA 41 upati 22, 35, 37, 38,58 upaniSada 99-100, 102 upendravajrA 32,35, 38 uSA 96-97 Urmi kAvyeA 5 ekavidhatA 67,66,72, 8021 ejasa 69, 71 AvI 102, 103 aMgrejI sAhitya 13, 24-37, 56-57, 78 aMjanI gIta 18, 37, 103 kaTAva 26, 27 ane TIpa na. 1 64-6, 79, 83 khIra 9 kalagI tArA 17 kalA 6, 7, 87 kalApI 44, 48 kavita 66 kAdambarI 99, 102 kAnta 6,18,42 jue maNizaMkara kAphiyA 44 kAlidAsa 70 kAvya 9, 85 kRSNarAma 21 keTalAMka kAvyA bhA. 1 28, 29, 1 TI5, 33 kezavalAla dhruva 5, 15, 24 25 35, 2, 58, 76, 7106 juo vanavelI kArAna 103 kharadAra 5, 25, 27 28, 30, 106-108 khaMDa zikhariNI 30-32 khaMDa rigIta 28, 58 khemaTA tAla 20 gaNapatarAma rAjArAma bhaTTa 5

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zabdasUcI garabI, garame 4,5,8,9,13,62 gajhala 21, 35 gItagAviMda 46 gulamakI 36 geAvardhanarAma 26, 48 62 65 dhanAkSarI 11, 7, 78-83 caraNa (56) 48, 74 cAmara 36 citrakalA 83 citrAMgadA 101-102 ceApAI 5, 17 76 57, 8587, 104,105 chandonAM mizraNA 12,38;-42, 53 TIpa, 45 indronA vikAsa 13 chandene vistAra 23 chappA 11, 66 chUTa (kavitAmAM) 51-53 cheTAlAla narabherAma bhaTTa 14 jamiyatarAma kRpAza'kara paMDayA 37 jayadeva 46 jabujyeAti 5 jhINAbhAI 22-23 kula 15 laNA 4-6, 7, 82, 83 DAlana 84-104 tArakA, tArA, tArAca 34 TIpa [ 10 tAla 8, 19, 20, 26, 78-81 106 tukArAma 9 tulasI 9 teATala 29-30, 82 tribhuvana premazaMkara. 6, 9 tribhuvana vyAsa 26, 27 yArAma 17 la06 14 dalapatarAma 2, 6, 10-12, 14 15, 24, 27, 46,2 3, 73, 22 dAdarA tAla 20 divya chaH 25 viMDI 18 dahe 68 TIpa dezI (DhALeA 4, 5, 12, 13, 62, 69 dAharA 1, 11, 62, 66, 67 daDaka 33 TIpa 6, 36, 64, 66,82 vilakhita 37 dhanajIbhAI kIrabhAI 102 dhumAlI tAla 20 nagInadAsa pArekha 23 narasiMha Ta narasiMharAva 1, 5, 6, 8, 17 21, 27, 30, 32, 33, 28, 45, 47, 23, 73

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10 ] na kavitA, na dAza kara. 2,6, 10, 11, 12, 14-17, 19, 28, 46, 49, 56, 57, 61, 64, 73, 103, TIpa navalarAma 1, 4, 6, 12, 21 TIpa na'. 14, 61-63, 67, 68, 76 navA chando 19, 14 nATaka 6, 18, 75, 76 snAtaka 9 nArAya 36 nRtyakalA 59, 27 nhAnAlAla kavi 6, 25, 28 29 31-31,41, 52, 58, 62, 8 3-10 4 pahena 19, 61-63,67,74-75 78-79, 89, 103, 107 patIla 24, 39, 49 56 9 piMgala 4, 10, 11, 24, 50, 53-54, 63,67, 82-83 punarAvaLI chaMda 26 pUrvAlApa 31 pRthvI cha6 12,58, 69,71-76 105 pratApanATaka 5 pramANikA 54 ane TIpa arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya prayatna (accent) 22 juo svarabAra prarSiNI 54 ane TIpa prAnA samAja 10, 18 prAsa 39, 41-49, 58, 19, 63, 103 premAnanda 43 premAnandanAM nATakA 11 prauDhatA, prauDhi, prauDhI 12, 20 21, 56, 8 phArasI sAhitya 21 balavaMtarAya ThAkAra 1, 9, 35, 37, 40, 11, 13, 58, 63, 69, 71-73 mAla 22 mANabhaTTa 98 bAburAva 28 bAlAzakara 42, 44 ba'gALI sAhitya 13, 22 blaeNka vastuM 55, 5-108 bhajana 9, 13, 44 bhavAi 4, 8, 21 bhATa cAraNa 13, 77 bhAtakhaMDe 20 bhASAntara 6, 22 bhujaMgI chaMda 82 bhoLAnAtha sArAbhAI 18 maNilAla nabhubhAI 1. 6, 19, 2, 26, 47, 64

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sadasUcI maNizaMkara bhaTTa 1, 31-33 madhubrata vRtta 23 manahara 11, 7-82 10-107 manahararAma 65 manamukara 21 TIpa. naM. 14 48 TIpa naM. 12 mandAkrAntA pha3, 36, 40, 41 para, 69, 70, 82 | marAThI cAlanI sAkhI, 18,39,40 marAThI sAhitya 13,16,17-18, 22 malabArI 17 mallinAtha 33 TIpa 6 mahAkAvya 14 mahAdeva desAI 8, ra1 TIpa naM 14, 22, 18 0. mANabhaddo 4, 13 mAlakasa 31 mAtrAmeLa (chaMda) 11, 14 23, 38, 51, 61, 6, 64, 66, 67, 82 mAdhurya 69, 71 mAlinI 11,32 TIpa 6,42,70 miTanane vAsthaya 48, 77 mizra harigIta 28 muktadhArA 106-108 musalamAnI rAjya 21 meghachanda 20-21 merApaMta 62 yati 32, 4-51, 5, 73, 74, 75, 8 yatibhaMga. 49-51 tisvAtaMtrya 63 rajanI 94-96, 102 raNajItarAma 1 raNupiMgala 21 ranezvara 11, 42 radIpha 44 ramaNabhAI 1, 2,46, 57, 77, 85, 86, 94, 105 rAmachanda 65, 83 rAmanArAyaNa pAThaka 31 TIpa rAmamohanarAya 39 rAsa 5-7, 59 juo garabI mara rAsayuga 5-7 rekhatA 21 roLAvRtta 14, 15 TIpa naM. 7, 56, 66 laghubhArata 5 lalita vRtta 10, 11, 37 lAladAsa 10 lAvaNuM 15-17, 19, 20, 24 25, 57, 61 lokagIta 44, 48 TIpa naM. 13 vanavelI 58, 76-83, 105

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112 ] arvAcIna gujarAtI kAvyasAhitya vasatatilakA 34, 35, 38, 40 | subedhacitAmaNi, 4, ji 41, 54, 82 suradAsa 9 vivecana 2, 3 senTarsabarI 5-61, 63 virarasa mahAkAvyapa6,57,75,77 soneTa 43, 48 , vIravRtta 14, 16, 17, 19, 23 saMkhyAmeLa 83 56, 61 saMgIta 3, 8, 9, 10-21, 58, vRttone vistAra 24, 33-55 | 60, 62, 66, 67, 68, 71, vaiciyamaya racanA 13,22,27,29 76, 87, vaidika chanda 67, 103 saMnidhi 43 vizvadevI 39, 70 saMskRta vRtto (chando) 11-13, vyutkrama 91, 94, 99 20, 21, 29, 63, 6-70 73, 74 - zAmaLa 5, 10 * spenseriyana prayatnabaMdha 21 zArdUlavikrIDita 54, 69 stragdharA 39-41, 54, 69, 70 zAlinI 39, 41, 70 svarabhAra 106-108 zikhariNI 70 harigIta 35, 3, 66, 7, 82 zekasapiyara 76, 82 hariNI 35, 36 samatalatA,samatalapaNuM 92, 101 harilAla dhruva, 19, 23 102 hiMdUratAnI kavitA 76 sarasvatIcaMdra 48, 97 hIMca 8, 20 savitAnArAyaNa 17. aMgrejI zabdonI sUcI sAhitya 84-85 Metre 84 savaiyA 25, 64 Parallelism 102 simeTI (Symmetry)86 TIpa Rhythm 84, 12 sundaram 33 Symmetry 86

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