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Early History of Jainism and Migrations.... : 17.
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Sharma, History of Jainism, 55. This date is taken from Paul Dundas, The Jains (London: Routledge, 1992), 23. However, the chronology of the Jaina canon is a subject of some debate. Sharma, History of Jainism, 56. Dundas, The Jains, 18. Shah, Jainism: The World of Conquerors, 26. Jeffery D. Long, Jainism: An Introduction, First ed. (London: I.B. Tauris, 2010), 30. Sharma, History of Jainism: With Special Reference to Mathura, 56.16 Long, Jainism: An Introduction, 30.17 There is some debate about the dates of Mahāvīra's life. According to the Śvetämbaras, Mahāvīra lived 599-527 BCE. According to the Digambaras, he died in 510 BCE. However, recent Indological scholarship on Buddhism, suggests that the date of Mahāvīra's death should be shifted to as late as 425 BCE (see Dundas, The Jains, 24). Dundas, The Jains, 24. Ibid., 20. Sharma, History of Jainism: With Special Reference to Mathura, 66. This tale is only acknowledged by the Svetāmbara Jainas. Dundas, The Jains, 35. Ibid. Sharma, History of Jainism: With Special Reference to Mathura, 68-73. C.f. Ibid., 77-78. And Shugan Chand Jain and P.S. Surana, eds., Jain Legend: Jain Dharma Ka Maulika Itihäsa of ācāryasri Hasti Mala Ji, 4 vols., vol. 2: Relating to Omniscient lords and knowers of the prior canons (Jaipur: Samyak Jnana Pracharak Mandal,2011), p.29-30. Jain and Surana, eds., Jain Legend, Vol. 2, p.28. Sharma, History of Jainism: With Special Reference to Mathura, p.78. Jaini notāhu (Padmanabh S. Jaini, The Jaina Path of Purification (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1979), 46-47. Between Yaśobhadra and Bhadrabāhu, Jain and Surana list Sambhutavijaya (Jain and Surana, eds., Jain Legend, Vol. 2, 104). This is the Svetämbara list. According to the Digambaras, the five Śrutakevalis are Vişnunandi (aka Nandi), Nandimitra, Aparājita, Govardhana and Bhadrabāhu- I (ibid.). Jain and Surana, eds., Jain Legend: Jain Dharma Kā Maulika Itihāsa of ācāryasri Hasti Mala Ji, Vol. 1, 14. ----, eds., Jain Legend: Jain Dharma Ka Maulika Itihāsa of ācāryasri Hasti Mala Ji, Vol. 2, p.30Jaini, The Jaina Path of Purification, p.50. Dundas, The Jains, p.71. Jyoti prasad mentions another council held at the Kumārī Parvata in Kali Ega (Orissa) at the invitation of the emperor Khāravela in the middle of the second century BC“(2010:23). It is unclear whether he is referring to the council mentioned in the Hathigumpha inscription. This council was said to occur in year 165 (Kant 2000:32), which Kant (2000:36) correlates to 165 VN or 362 BCE. According to Kant, this would be concordant with the Mathura council. Dundas, The Jains, p.49. Ibid. Ibid., p.71-72. Desai mentions identifies four different waves traditions regarding the migration from north to south India. Pandurang Bhimarao Desai, Jainism in South India and Some Jaina
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30. 31. 32. 33.
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35. 36. 37.
