Jaina Logic

Author(s): T G Kalghatgi
Publisher: Raja Krisen Jain Charitable Trust New Delhi

Page 48

Anekânsa and Nayavada
Y to X. The converse of R (relation) may be aymbolised as R XRY is always equivalent to YRX The converse of R is como time written as R, as in the Principia Mathematica by Bertrand Russell and A. N. Whitehead
Relation has a direction. The properties of symmetry and transitiveness are the bases of classification of relations as;
1. Symmetrical transitive-equal to 2. Symmetrical intransitive- spouse of; twine of 3. Asymmetrical transitive-Ancestor of, greater than or before; 4. Asymmetrical intransitive- Father of, greater by two tban,
grand child of.
The relational arguments, in which the relation is symmetrical, are all of the nature of : A=B; B-C :: A-C.
In these cases the validity of the argument depends upon the fact that the relating relation is transitive.61
The study of relational thinking given by Modern Logic is based on deductive reasoning and linguistic analysis. It is primarily concerned with the analysis of the meaning of the words and propositions. Western Formal Logic stands isolated and is unrelated to psychological basis of thinking and communication. If Modern Western Logic were to take the perspective of experience with reference to concrete situations in relation to epistemological and psychological analysis, it would come nearer to the Jaina view of naya. The Jaina doctrine of naya looks at the problem with the totality of experience in its psychological aspects.
Professor A. C. Ewing, while discussing the need for philosophical analysis, points out that it would be an error to
60. Ibid. 61. Stebbing (Susan L.). A Modern Introduction of Logic : (Matbuon 1930)
pp. 112, 114.