Jaina Logic

Author(s): T G Kalghatgi
Publisher: Raja Krisen Jain Charitable Trust New Delhi

Page 66

Pramana and Niksepa
contained ghee in the past may be still called the gheo pot. Similarly if a pot is purchased for keeping shee in future, the pot may still be called the ghee pot. A person who was a judge in the past, but who has now retired, may still be called a judge. A person who is to be a king in future may be addressed as a king.
The scope of dravya niksepa is very vast It may cover the expressions relating to the past or the future as projected in the present tense. The future king is also called king. And when the king is dead, his body is referred to as the king
Dravya nıkşepa is of two types : 1) Agama dravya riksepa and 2) "no-agama dravya niksepa". No-agama dravya niksepa is of three types. I) jna-sarira, 2) bhavya sarira and 3) tadvyatırikta. The Ātman knows through a body and this is called jna-šarira or jnayaka sarira. Similarly, we see the dead body of a learned man. And then we say that he was a learned man This is jna-sarira no-ägama dravya nik sepa.
If the ātman is embodied and that atman will be all-knowing in future, it is called bhavya sarira. By observing the lustrous qualities of the body and other characteristics of a child, we may say the child would become a learned man. This is bhavya-sarira no-agama dravya niksepa.
In the first two expressions of nik epa, the emphasis is on the body whch is only the medium. In the third the emphasis is not so much on the body, but it is on the bodily activities tika movement of the hands etc. For example when an ascetic is preaching, he may make gestures with the hands.
Agama dravya niksepa refers to the implication of the meanmgs and the cognition content of the meaning, rather than the exact expressed form of the knowledge. In the no-agama dravya niksepa there is the absence of both types of knowledge, expressed or implied. It only refers to tho medium of knowledge i. e., the body. No-agama tadvyatirikta dravya nikaepa