Jaina Logic

Author(s): T G Kalghatgi
Publisher: Raja Krisen Jain Charitable Trust New Delhi

Page 86

Syadrida cannot have self-contradictory attributes at the same time and in the same sense. All that they say is that overything is of a complex nature, and roconciles differences in itself. Attributos which are contradictory in the abstract co-exist in life and experience. The tree is moving in that its branches are moving and it is not moving since it is fixed to its place in the ground.in
In the Western thought, Zeno among the Greeks, formulated the Dialectical method of approach to the problem of reality. He established the theory of Being by proving that Becoming is not. That was the beginning of dialectical movement in Western Philosophy. Socrates used the question and answer method in proving the inadequacy of the views held by the disputant. The Socratic method is direct dialectic involving conversation between the two.
In modern philosophy the Hegelian dialectic comes nearer to the Anekanta and its expression in Syadvada. Hegelian dialectic in thought moves from thesis, anti-thesis and synthesis. Being, nothing and becoming is the first Hegelian triad. The second category of negation is not brought in by Hegel by any external source. It is deduced from the first category of affirmation and therefore, the first category of affirmation contains its negation and is identical with it. There is no contradiction because being involves non-being and it is both is and is not when it becomes. The third category contains the underlying harmony. The exclusion is not absolute. It is identity of opposites. The opposition is just as real as idenity. If we forget this and try to maintain that identity implies the illusory nature of the opposition we fall into the gravest of the dialectical fallacy." But Hegel did not work out the dialectic rigorously in all cases. Had he brought about the synthesis, the synthesis between understanding and reason, he would have brought the spirit of anekanta in his system.
139. Ibid. pp. 134. 140. Staco (WT): Philosophy of Hegel: Dover Publications, INC, 1960)
pp. 96.