Jaina Logic

Author(s): T G Kalghatgi
Publisher: Raja Krisen Jain Charitable Trust New Delhi

Page 68

Pramoga and Niksepa
expression of activity and also the cognition implied in the activity. For example, teacher makes some gestures by the hand and turns over the pages. These activities do not refer to the cognition in this sense, the word 'no' in the bhava niksepa refers to the partial negation. The function of bhäva niksepa is primarily concerned with the expression of the present state and the mode of the object. In this expression of nikjepa there is the absence of the distinction of activity of the body as a medium of cognition. This is the difference between the two types of niksepa.
Everything is expressed through niksepa. It is the linguistic expression. There are infinite number of expressions, but everything has to be expressed in the form of four expressions of niksepa. Only one niksepa will not give a full picture of the state of the object. Every object has its name. It is nama niksepa. It has its state. It is sthāpanā niksepa. It is referred to with reference to its material, it is dravya niksepa and there is the expression of its nature and its attributes. It is bhava niksepa.