Jaina Logic

Author(s): T G Kalghatgi
Publisher: Raja Krisen Jain Charitable Trust New Delhi

Page 46

Amatdata and Nayavada claborate interpretation of the application of the concept of naya to the various problems of logic and philosophy. Acarya Kundakunda's omphasis on the distinction between Nidcaya and Vyavahara naya is his special contribution. This distinction has a psychological content. The approach to the understanding of the nature of things depends on the capacity of the individuri to grasp the nature of thing. In the Samayasaran Kundakunda explains that it is necessary to present the nature of reality to different individuals from different angles according to the capacity of the individuals to understand the nature of things. For some it would be sufficient to present abstract principles. But for others, whose ability is less, it would be necessary to explain in allegoric and pictorial language. For the common man the metaphysicial principles have to be explained in empirical terms.
Acarya Kundakunda has thus presented the distinction betwaen the metaphysical and practical approaches to the problems of philosophy. He has interpreted the concepts of Jiva, Samyaktva, Upavoga and the concepts of theory of knowledge from the Niscaya and Vyavahara-naya. For instance, while analysing the distinction of the concept of naya from the practical and the noumenal points of view, he mentions that Subha and Asubha Upayoga are concerned with presenting the problems of the worldly conduct, while Suddha Upayoga is the characteristic of the pure and perfect soul."
Ācarya Kundakunda has given a graphic description of the spiritual craving, hunger and thirst after righteousness (adhyatma bhavana). Adhyatma bhavana is the craving for self-realisation and the purification of the self (Suddhatma prāpti). In this sense, he describes niscaya naya as bhūtartha and Vyavahara naya as abhe tartha.? And in this description, he bas given supreme importance to niscaya naya. But, for understanding
53. Samayasara-l 56. Ibid. 57. Samaya prabhrlia: 13.