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DECEMBER, 1914.) NOTES ON GRAMMAR OF THE OLD WESTERN RAJASTHANI
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used side by side are Day. and Up. In the latter, however, tanaü is very rare. The MS. Kal. has no traces of naü, but employs tanaü throughout. Ex.:
únhala-naü caüthaü masavādu " The fourth month of the summer" (Âdi C.), teha-ni putri" His daughter” (Dd. 6), Ujeni-naü mâriya râja "After having murdered the king of Oojein " (Vi. 8), vada-na kotara-mahi" In the hollow of a fig-tree" (P. 633), dihada-nai visai" By day"(Yog. ii, 70), mleccha-na lakha "Hundreds of thousands of barbarians " (Kênh. 43).
(6) rai is a curtailment from keraü, as it has since long been recognized by students of Noo-Indian Vernaculars. This postposition having grown to be peculiar of Modern Mârwârî, it is only exceptionally met with in Old Western Rajasthani, except in the MS. Adic., which exhibits many points of agreement with the former language. A few examples are :
sonâ-ri vrsti“Raining of gold” (Ådi C.), pratijn-raü vicesa ko nahi “ The promise is of no account whatever " (Ibid.), Takkhaçila-puri-rai parisarai "In the surroundings of the city of Takşaçila " (Ibid.)
(7) rahaí is used as a postposition of the genitive in the following examples, chiefly from the MSS. Kal. and Daç. :
duh kha-rahal pâtra "Receptacle of sorrow” (Kal. 38), mangalika-rahal ghara" Abode of bliss" (Kal. 1), duhkcha-raha tkârana "Cause of sorrow" (Kal. 33), vrata-raha i pida" vratânâm pida” (Daç. v, 9), pů ja-hral yogya chal" Are worthy of reverence" (F 580).
The use of rahaf as an uninflected postposition of the genitive has not gone lost in Modern Mârwarî, where rai is still employed instead of the regular oblique rå, especially when the genitive denotes possession or relationship.
$74. The postposition of the locative are the following:
(1) kanhas. The origin of this postposition has been already discussed above, when dealing with the postpositions of the dative and ablative cases. It is used in the original locative meaning in the examples following:
na jânü kiha-kani achaü "I do not know where he is " (Rs. 192),
mithyâdıstá-loka-kanhai cravaki vasivai nahi " A gravaka should not live near to heretics" ($azt. 49).
P.286 an instance occurs of nai (which is a curtailment from kanhal, as shown above) used as a postposition of the locative after a noun also in the locative :
vâ tai nai eka niramala nira" Close by the road (there was a lake of] limpid water."
(2) tài. This postposition, which has not yet been satisfactorily explained, is from Apabhramça tamahi or *taðahi, a locative form corresponding to Sanskrit lavati. The intermediate stops are probably tavahi > *taal > > *tai. For the metathesis of the nasal see & 49. In Old Western Rajasthani this postposition means "Up to, till, as far as ", exactly as its Apabhramça and Sanskrit originals. Ex.:
aja-tai“ Up to to-day" (Adi C.), sahasa varasa-ti "Up to the completion of one thousand years ” (Ibid.)
