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246
THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
7. The rágángas. Further, there are four angas: the râgañga, bhâshâñga, kriyâñga, and upâñga. The madhu, mâdhavi, sankarâbharaṇa, hindola, bañgala gunda kriyč, éri ràga, sâranga, abhra, panchama divya, ghantâ råga, ghûrjhari, soma råga, dhanyàsi, desi, deśakshi, mâlava, éri varali, nâga divya, karnata, and bangal are the twenty ragas that are derived from the ráganga. Kausiki, velâvali, śuddhâvali, modi, nâți, suhari, lalitě, âtholi, gaudi, saindhavi, nâga dhvani, âhari, trâvali, śuddhâhari, kâmbhoji, śri kantha, brihaspati, dakshinâtya, dombâ kriye, surâshtra saindhavi, kalyâni, sambarávali, madhukari, kalindi, pulindini, tarañgini, megha raijani, kuranji, śuddha vâhini, prathama mañjari, nâți nîrâyani, phala manjari, and sayasodari are the thirty-four ragas that are born of the bháshánga. Nilotpalini, ekacachavi, johari, utpali, kinnarikě, giti, rajni, turañgi, gândhari, gauli, rakshasi, nâdottari, vasanta bhairavi, savala, deva gupta, sârañga bhairavi, gandhi, kâmodi, simhâvali, kâmadeva, deva nâdottara, and vasanta bañgâla are the twenty-two ragas that are born of the kriydiga. Sindhu varâli, kannada (=karnata) varali, drâmida (drâvida) varali, and prathama varali are the four ragas that are upanga varális; mahârashtra ghûrjhari, saurashtra ghûrjhari, drâmida ghûrjhari, and dakshina ghûrjhari are the four upanga ghúrjhari ragas; karṇâta gaula, desa gaula, turushka gaula, mâlava gaula, chhâyâ gaula, saurashtra gaula, and drâmida gaula are the seven upanga gaula rágas; châyâ toḍi and turushka toḍi are the two upanga todi ragas; bilahari and bhairavi are the two upanga rágas of náti; sâlaga nâți and bhillaja karanja are the two upangas for the ráma kriyú rága; deva kriyč, trinetra kriye, and blûtâļa kriye are the three upangas for the koláhala raga. The one hundred and sixt ragas are born of the four kinds of angas. From the grâmas, the jâtis, and the añgas together one hundred and fiftysevent ragas take their origin.
8. The thirty-six modes.
It is long since the following thirty-six rágas of all the rågas have been notable from being chiefly used: râma kriyě, bhupali, vasanta, nâți, sârañga, bhauli, kâmbhoji, ghûrjhari,
[SEPTEMBER, 1874.
bhairavi, gunda kriye, bilahari, dhanyâsi, kalyani, pada mañjari, bangali, desi, deva gândhari, megha ranjani, kuraiji, âhari, śrî râga, pahadi, gaula, râma kriyč,§ sankarâbharaṇa bhillaki, deśakshi, varâli, sâveri,mañgaļa, kausiki, nârâyani, athâna, ârabhi, todi, and madhya
mavati.
9. A short statement regarding the suddha, mitra, and sankirna modes.
Further, of the above-mentioned thirty-six rågas seven belong to the male gender; only the bañgâla raga is neuter; the remaining twentyeight are female ragas. A division into families (kutumba) is usually made, so that there are four female rågas for each of the male rågas. Further, by a threefold division of qualities there arise three and three dási rágas for the thirty-six râgas, so that there are one hundred and eight.
Further, of the prakritis of the seven svaras, called sa, ri, ga, ma, pa, dha, and ni, also in the seven avasthes, called añkura sthâyi, śruti sthâyi, mûrchhanâ sthâyi, chanka, khechari, sthâyi, rava sañgati, and muktâya, (and) of the sanyogas and viyogas, in the way of seven to one (7 x 7 x 7,i.e.) three hundred and forty-three svara-prasthanas are born, called the garbhanga ; and on account of the variety of option in leaving and acquiring in the prastara of the above ones, like the various prapancha, the rågas become numberless. (Then follow some words about Sadasiva's pranava.)
10. Some allied (mitra) modes.
Vasanta bhairavi, sânta bilahari, and râma kriye are the three mitra rágas of ráma kriye; mukhâri and hindola are the two mitra rúgas of vasanta; nâți, âhari, sâlaga nâți, hamira nâți, and ghûrjhara nâți are the fivefold natis saurashtra gaula, mâlava gaula, ketâra gaula, chhâyâ gaula, krnnada gaula, tâva gaula, and mohara gaula are the gaula mitras; mitra bhauli alone is the bhauli mitra; gumma kâmbhoji, tenugu (i.e. tělugu) kâmbhoji, and desya kâmbhoji are the three Lambhoji mitras; soka varali, vasanta varáli, jogi varâli, pantu varali, prathama varali, pratapa varâli,. laksha varali, and någa varâli are the seven that are mitras of the suddha varáli. Thus one has to learn the suddha, mitra, and sankirna differences from the guru's mouth.
§ The text seems to give only one hundred. The text seems to give eight.
The text seems to adduce only 33.
Of this number, as it seems, only 151 are adduced in the text. This stands also at the beginning.
