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244
THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
[SEPTEMBER, 1874.
200 farsakhs long and 120 broad. Sri Rama, the vereign was the equal of the King of China, and king of the country, submitted, and intended to frequently carried on naval war with China, travel to the Kaan's court, but death prevented compelling the Chinese to sue for peace. The him, and his son carried out the intention. There people had Tartar countenances; their women is no other information. I do not think much were amazons; the name of the port where they stress can be laid on the use of the term island landed was Kailů ka ri(which seems Indian); here, considering how loosely it is often used. the place was governed by a daughter of the Sri Rama is a name that we find both among king called Urduja (which is Turki, and had the early kings of the Malay settlers in the Penin- been already given by Ibn Batuta as the name sula, and as that of the King of Siam who of one of the queens of Muhammad Uzbak Khan founded Ayodhya ; but both are almost certainly of Kipchak). This young lady, who is a great later than Kublai.
warrior, speaks Turki both to the traveller and After leaving Kaķula the party sailed for to her own servants; she keeps elephants; and thirty-four days, and then arrived at the Calm or
on leaving her country the travellers run before Pacific Sea (al-Bahr al-káhil), which was of a the wind for seventeen days and then reach the reddish tint and disturbed by neither winds nor port of Zaitan (or Chwanchau) in China. waves. The boats were set to tow the ship, and Many attempts have brought me no nearer the the great sweeps of the junk brought into play, identification of Ța walisi, and I strongly but they were thirty-seven days in passing this incline to the belief that it belongs to the geosea. They then arrived at the country of graphical system of Captain Gulliver and Peter Tawalisi.
Wilkins, Mariner. This was a very extensive country; the so-1 Palermo, April 1874. H. YULE.
NIJAGUŅA'S NOTES ON INDIAN MUSIC.
BY REV. F. KITTEL, MERKARA. The following notes are adduced princi- feminines generally appears as short, and the pally with the object of making the science a of feminines as ē. of Indian Music, if possible, a subject of 1. The origin and places of the seven notes discussion in the Indian Antiquary. Not only (svara), and other musical knowledge (gána. from a scientific, but also from a practical point sastra). of view, & good and at the same time easy In the order of the utpatti of the seven treatise on the musical laws and tunes prevalent svaras, the seven svaras, called shadja, rishabha, in this country appears to be a desideratum.t gândhåra, madhyama, panchama, dhaivata, and What is given below cannot be called a transla- nishada, have been born in the order of Paration; but the technical terms as they are given siva's seven faces, called svara, sadyojata, in a sort of Canarese (Kannada) concordance, vâmadeva, aghor.., tatpurusha, áâna, and ni. the Vivekachintamani, have been simply pre- ranga. The sthanas of the shadja and the other sented in a coherent manner. It may also servo seven svaras are the throat, the head, the nose, to show what musical system is used in at least the heart, the mouth, the palate, and the purone portion of the South. The author of the con- váñga. cordance is Nijaguņa Śivayogi,a Lingkita. 2. The times, sounds (dhvani), asterisms, In the writer's copy under the last heading, and so on. called grantha-rachana-nibandhana, these words | Sunrise, noon, afternoon, evening, the first occur :-" when it had become the sakı marked part of the night, (mid-night, and its termiby guna, ritu, giri, and vishaya (A.D. 1841 ?) it nation are suocessively the (seven) pleasant was composed by Nijaguna." No attempt to külas of shadja and the other svaras. The correct the text has been made by the present peacock's cry, the bull's bellow, the goat's writer. In Canarese the final i of Samskrit bleat, the curlew's cry, the cuckoo's song, the
• Seo D'Ohasun, Hist. des Mongols, II. 465, and Dowan's 1 Vulgar tradition says that this person lived about Elliot's Hist. II. 27. Neither Gaubil nor Deguignea has any 900 years ago (i.e. about 970, A.D.), and was a petty king mention, from Chinese soures, of this expedition.
in Maisur, belonging to the Aradhya Brahmanas, who are Coaf. As. Res. vol. III.; Stafford's History of Music; invested both with the Yajnopa vita and Linga. Nijaguna' the book noticed, Indian Evangelical Review, L. 4, p. 525. Vivekachintamani has been translated into Tamil.
