Grammar Of Apabhramsa

Author(s): Madhusudan Mishra
Publisher: Vidyanidhi Prakashan

Page 31

20
A Grammar of Apabhramsa
Vocative
v - - -ho -ho Instrumental 3 -ě
hĩ -hĩ Ablative
5 che che chũ hũ Genitive
4–6 cho che chã -hũ Locative
7 -e, -i -hi -hi. -hi
-hi 35. These endings were gradually behaving like loose appendices after the bases, because they were destined to go in course of time. That is why, perhaps, the final vowel of the base was shortened or lengthened at the will of the metre.
36. The genitive forms were the first to lose endings in Apbh, of course after the nominative and accusative, but in some later instances even the locative forms are seen without endings.
37. However, the development of postpositions and coming into being of the postpositional bases are buried in the gap between Apbh and Hindi.
38. Perhaps the postpositions for the genitive had developed first of all; then for nominative in passive construction. Once this tendency had begun, there was a rain of postpositions which assumed the offices of all the cases in Hindi.
39. After the development of postpositions, the older group of cases was reduced to three in Hindi :
sg.
m. f. m. f. 1. Direct or
subject-object - - - -ē, -yã 2. Postpositional
-O -O 3. Vocative 40. On account of difference between masc. and fem. forms their declension may be shown separately in case of nouns and adjectives. In case of pronouns the distinction was lost for the most part.
41. We may begin with masc. words.
17
-
-