Grammar Of Apabhramsa

Author(s): Madhusudan Mishra
Publisher: Vidyanidhi Prakashan

Page 54

Conjugation
etc. In case of extension. the fem. -i is shortened : gai-a, muia, etc.
Future Participles
107. The future participles in Apbh are made by ·ějja or -ijja, which represent the Vedic -eyya : ca-ijja (fit to be given up), ho-ijja (fit to be), etc.
(a) The other rare suffixes are -jěyva or -ěvva : kar-iěvva (to be done), sah-ěvva (to be tolerated), etc. It is also abbreviated as eva : so-eva (to be slept), jagg-eva (to be waked), etc.
(b) In the older literature, often -tavva also is found, but that belongs to Prakrit.
108. The present and past participles of Apbh have participated in some major tense formations in Hindi, besides their own participal use with huh. But the nasal element, of the present participle (jānta, honta, etc.) was lost in all the verna. culars except Punjabi (cp. Hindi जाता है, Awadhi जात अहै : Punj. tar).
Infinitives
109. There were a dozen of infinitive forms of the Vedic language. In Sanskrit they had been reduced to a single form with-tum. Perhaps they were in still larger number in the popular language of the Vedic people. Therefore the middle Indic dialects show them in varieties of forms, not known to Sanskrit.
(a) There are six suffixes in Apbh to express the infinitive idea : -evam, -evi, •eviņu, -ěppi, -ěppiņu and .iu. These suffixes belong to some earlier phase of the literary language. In the later phase three more suffixes were added : -aņa, -aņabã and anahi.
(b) All these suffixes are represented in one or the other modern vernaculars.
(c) The suffixes -ěppi, later -evi, and -ěppiņu, later -eviņu,