Grammar Of Apabhramsa

Author(s): Madhusudan Mishra
Publisher: Vidyanidhi Prakashan

Page 47

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A Grammar of Apabharmsa
(c) These Apbh past participles were further extended by -a, which often appeared as -u in 1 -2 sg.: dittha -a. cal-ia-a, etc.
Even the fem. forms are thus extended. the final i then being shortened : gaa>gai, then gaitā=gaiā (went), mua>mui, then muitā=mui-ā, etc. on metrical ground, the final a is again shortened.
(d) When these forms were extended by -da, they had adjectival force as seen in the later dialects : sutta-da (asleep> rutala), etc.
(e) In Hindi, the past participal suffix is -ā.
Future
78. As already remarked in the beginning, the future tense is the vanishing element of the Apbh conjugation.
In Pali and Prakrit the future infix is either - issa/ssa-or -bi-, but in Apbh the former was simplified as - sa -
In the early stage of Ahbh, the future forms used to be borrowed from Prakrit. The typical Apbh forms, if made from kar (do), may be : 3. kar-i-bi-i
kar-i-hi-hi करिहिइ
करिहिहिं 2. kar-i-hi-hi
kar-i-hi-hu करिहिहि
करिहिहु 1. kar.i-hi-ũ
kar-i-hi-hũ करिहिउँ
करिहिहुँ The forms from ho (be) are : 3. ho-sa-i
ho-sa-hi होसइ
होसहिं 2. ho-sa-bi
ho-sa-hu होसहि
होसहु