Grammar Of Apabhramsa

Author(s): Madhusudan Mishra
Publisher: Vidyanidhi Prakashan

Page 45

A Grammar of Apabhramba tuş-ya> tussa-> tūsa (be satisfied) ruş-ya> russa-> rūsa- (be angry) puş-ya> pussa-> pūsa- (bear), etc.
(b) Much later, even the typical Apbh base in -ijja- or -ějja- had begun to appear as simple verbs, when the passive force was completely lost from the form and periphrastic construction had already appeared in the spoken form of the language :
rakkhejja- (keep away) lajj-ejja-be ashamed), etc.
(c) It is very interesting to note that the root class of Sanskrit has managed to stay in the language, of course with the usual phonetic change :
jā (go) from yā ļbā (stand) from sthā, etc. In Apbh this group has been joined by a number of verbs with a- base in Sanskrit and Prakrit because of the loss of the medial syllable :
khād-a-ti (eats)> khāa -> khā .i. etc. (d) The greatest innovation of Apbh is that the old past participles of Sanskrit have often been used as verbs in their phonetically modified forms:
lag.na (stuck to) > lagga (stick to) mrta (dead) > mua (die) pra- viş- ța (entered)> paițţha (enter), etc.
In some cases even the past participles have suffered unexbected changes. Thus there is pahucca -i (reaches) from prabbū-ta through an intermediate form pra-bbūtya-ti.
76. So far we have discussed the bases as well as the endings of the Apbh verbs. Now we can take up the forms in the different tenses and moods.
Let us take the verb kar (do), base kara :