Grammar Of Apabhramsa

Author(s): Madhusudan Mishra
Publisher: Vidyanidhi Prakashan

Page 37

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A Grammar of Apabhiarmsa
Hindi forms are self-explained.
52. Other pronouns in Abbh are the following: Demonstrative : sa-/ ta-; eha-/ ea.. oha-/ 0-, aya-. Relative - :jaInterrogative : ka-, but more frequently later, kavaņa- from
*ka tana for ka-tama. Pronominal adjectives: anna-, savva and sāha , etc.
53. The demonstrative base sa- is found only in Nsg., and the grammarians also point ou: the distinction of gender, probably on the basis of the earlier forms. As a rule, the distinction of gender was gradually dying in Apbh. It was seen only rarely in sg., never in pl.
54. The declensional forms of ta-are :
sg.
1-2, su m.
sā f. HT tā-e f.
tē m.
te-hi
ताए
तेहिं
ta-hũ
तद
ta-he f.
taches
ta-hã तहां ta-ho m. TET ta-hi तहिं
ta-hã ताह tě-hi तेहिं
Notes : In Nsg. masc, the older form so also is found. Similarly, in pl. the older form te also is found. Generally tam appears as obj. in sg. Perhaps it is tã. The shortening and lengthening of the vowels also are quite common. In Gsg. the older forms tāsu and tassu also appear.
(a) By the end of the Apbh period, the ta- base disappeared, in spite of the fact that it was represented in all cases. Really it belonged to the artificial kavi-bhāsā.
55. Another demonstrative base aya. is said to be repre