Grammar Of Apabhramsa

Author(s): Madhusudan Mishra
Publisher: Vidyanidhi Prakashan

Page 36

Declension
5-6. mahu,
महु
mai
मई
7.
1.
.3.
2-6.
Notes: The Nsg. form hau is probably derived from hakam, as may be imagined from the Magadhi hake. Otherwise, the sg. base is as old as Sanskrit.
The pl. base amha-would have suffered only the expected phonetic change towards the end of Apbh. On the other hand, the sg. forms must have been influenced by the counterpart in the second person. Even hau was replaced by maï, and the base mujjha spread over the rest of the sg. forms. Similarly, the pl. base amha spread over all the forms.
(b) Second person
sg.
tuhu
तुहं
7.
paï
पइं
majjhu मज्भु
tau
तउ
paï,
पइं
tai
तइं
amha-hã
322
tujjha
तुज्झ
amhā-su
अम्हासु
tai
तइं
tumhe,
तुम्हे
tumhe-hi
grafe
tumha-hã
तुम्ह
25
pl.
tumhā-su
तुम्हासु
Notes: The Nsg. form is difficult to be explained in its last part, unless we derive it from *tusum from the base tuşma in *tuşme, sg. for yuşme. The base pa-in sg. represents the old base tva-through the stage tpa-. In sg., though 5-6 have fallen together, tuha seems to be restricted to 6.
tumhai तुम्हइं
Towards the end of Apbh, tujjha seems to have spread over the sg. forms in oblique casse, pushing back tai pai to Nsg., though tuhu also continued dialectally. Thus tū survives in Hindi, Punjabi, etc., and taï in Avadhi, Brajabhāsā, etc.
51. From Apbh itself we see that the final a in these forms is often lengthened: dekkhu amhārā kantu, etc. Thus the