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alokakasha, no substances exists. Space is self supported and is capable of allowing space to other five dravyas in the loka.
Kala
It is a substance in which the movement of the object would be experienced. It is eternal and devoid of form.92 Nemichandra Muni defines the time from two stand points. Time from the phenomenal point of view, vyavahara-kala, is that which helps to produce the changes in the substances and which is known from modification (parinama) produced in substance, while paramarthika kala, real kala, is understood from continuity (vartana).93 Kala is nothing but an auxiliary cause of change, vartana. Ordinarily, kala is understood as hours, minutes etc. by which we call a thing to be old and new according to the changes produced in the same. These two types of time are termed as kala and samaya respectively. Kala is four types : 1. Pramana kala (measurable time), 2. Yathayunirvritti kala (life span time of a jiva), 3. Marana kala (moment of death), and 4. Adhakala (time relative to the movements of the sun and the moon).
Kala is not one substance but innumerable substances which are eternal and indivisible. While samaya has beginning and end and connotes hour, minute, seconds, etc. The Kala isos :
Very much sukshma (indivisible) kala = Samaya Asankhyata Samaya = eka (one) Avalika 256 Avalika = one Shullakabava 17 more Shullakbhava = one Shvasocchvasa 7 Shvasocchvasa = one Stok 7 Stok = one Lava 77 Lava = one Muhurta 3773 Shvasocchvasa = one Muhurta 48 Minutes = one Muhurta
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THE CONCEPT OF DIVINITY IN JAINISM
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