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dhyana. 263 Pindastha Dhyana lies in concentration based on pinda (body),264 which consists in — i) Parthivi-dharana, ii) Agneyidharana, iii) Vayavi-dharana, iv) Varuni-dharana, and v) Tatvaroopavati-dharana. 265 Padastha dhyana is the meditation on the divinity with the help of padas, holy or divine syllable.266 Rupastha Dhyana is the mental concentration on the atishaya (glory and extraordinary qualities) of Arihanta.267 Rupatita Dhyana is the practice of concentration on emancipated souls, Siddhas, who are pure, supreme, formless divinity.268
Dharma dhyana, the righteous meditation, is possible in Upashantamoha and Kshinamoha Gunasthana.269
IV. Shukla Dhyana : Forbearance, humility, straight forwardness and freedom from greed are the conditions of the Shukla dhyana. 270
Dharma dhyana leads to shukla dhyana which comprises of meditation on diversity (prithaktvavitarka), concentration on unity (ekatvavitarka), perseverance of subtle activity (sukshmakriya-pratipati) complete annihilation of all activities (vyuparata-kriya nivritti or samucchinna kriya nivritti).271
Prithaktvavitarka Dhyana — With the help of scriptural knowledge one shifts the meditation from one point to another point with yoga. 272 Ekatvavitarka Dhyana — Herein the aspirant concentrates with the aid of scriptural knowledge but, does not shift concentration from one object to another.273
The aforesaid two shukla dhyana is possible in Upashantamoha Gunasthana and Kshinamoha Gunasthuna: 274
Sukshma kriya-pratipati Dhyana — The jiva concentrates on sukshma kriya and attains 13th Gunasthana (sayogikevali) wherein all the ghatikarmas are destroyed.275
Samucchinnakriyanivritti Dhyana - Herein all the yogic activities are ceased and all the karmic matters are annihilated. The aspirant reaches the 14th stage of spiritual development viz.,
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