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Lesson 53 Transitive Verbs (use in the Passive Voice) Transitive Verbs
Koka - To call, Suņa - To hear, Dekha = To see
Panama = To salute, To greet Rakkha - To protect, Pála - To nurture, To bring up
The above Verbs are Transitive. The Transitive Verbs are used in the Active and Passive Voice. For forming the Passive Voice from the Transitive Verbs, same suffixes as were used for forming the Impersonal form are added (Lesson 45 - 'ijja', ia (iya)]. The subject is changed into the Instrumental Singular or Plural. The object instead of being in the accusative case (Singular or Plural), is changed into the Nominative Case (Singular or Plural). After adding the suffixes of the Passive Voice to the Verb, suffixes of the Tense are added to the Verb according to the Number and Person of the object converted into the Nominative Case. The Passive Voice is formed from the Transitive Verbs in the Present Tense and the Imperative. In the Future Tense the Active form of the Future Tense Verbal form continues and ijja' and 'iya' suffixes are not added to the Future Tense Verbal form. In the Past Tense, the Past Participle is used in the Passive Voice.
Apabhraísa Grammar and Composition
113
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