Vyaptipanchakam

Author(s): Gangesa, Mathuranath, Raghunath, Jagdish
Publisher: Shrutbhuvan Sansodhan Kendra

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Navya Nyaya as pramāṇa-śāstra became pure logic. The main purpose of it was not to show the path of liberation but to establish reliable pramāņās. Navya Naiyāyikās have left the speaking about the path towards liberation or puruśārthās (f) etc. They have laid emphasis on the correct apprehension of thing. This in their view will be a good ground for realization of truth. So rather than speaking about the goal they started considering the means of achieving this goal. For the solid base for the discussion of pramāņās Navya Naiyāyikās had neglected the sixteen categories of Pracina Nyāya and had accepted only the seven categories of Vaiseṣika () such as Sāmānya, Viseṣa, Samavāya, Abhāva (, fa, 41, 3119) etc. Besides the Navya Nyaya trend concentrated on the expressing of the reality of things by using the specific technical terms which will enable to struck a precise report between the speaker and the listener, and so there will be no misunderstandings while disobeying the real nature of the things.
Not only these technical terms were introduced. Also the new categories like Pratiyogita, Avacchedakatā (f, 3) etc. were used. Navya Nyaya puts forward the new qualities and attributes and the nature of the things which is different from the things generally apprehended by us due to these new qualities and attributes. We all know that in category of realities the changes happen according to the circumstances and these changes are always realized by us, but we usually do not express them in words. Navya Nyāya by introducing pratiyogita, avacchedakatā etc. tried to express these changes already in the very definition of things. Then the scholars were astonished and glad being provided these new series of words used by Navya Nyāya which were expressing the circumstantial