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Concept of Substance, Quality and Modes in Indian Philosophy with special referance to Jainism Dr. Shriprakash Pandey
This article deals with Concept of Dravya, Guņa and Paryāya in Indian philosophy in general and Jainism in particular. The different meanings of the term dravya, definition and characteristics of dravya in Indian system of philosophies, general and specific attributes of substances, characteristics of qualities, its types, relation between qualities and substances, relation between quality and modes with special reference to Siddhasena Divakara, concept of mode, its type, relation between substance and modes relation among substance, qualities and modes have been dealt in comparatively on the basis of ancient texts. It also includes the observation of modern scholars on the topic. The paper has cited the ancient texts frequently.
-Editor
Substance (dravya), quality (guņa) and modes (paryāya) are the terms widely discussed in Indian philosophical systems, in one form or other, in their respective metaphysics.
The Prakrit-Pali word 'davva' and its Sanskrit equivalent 'dravya' are very old. The various meanings in which the term is used in every day parlance in poetry, in grammatical texts, in medical texts, in philosophical texts, etc. appear to have been conventionally assigned to it long ago.
In Jain tradition also the term dravya has been used in different contexts connoting different meanings. In connection with the division of positing (niksepa') into appellation (nama), representation (sthāpanā), substance or potentiality (dravya ) and actual state (bhāva); with regard to the aspects of substance (dravya), field of locus (kṣetra), time (kāla), state of mode (bhava), etc.; with relation to the point of view (naya) into substantial (dravyarthika) and modal
