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KALPA SUTRA
99
three days and a half without taking water, under a Vețasa (Banyan) tree on the summit of mount Girnar. He had 18 ganus and 18 gunadharas. He had an excellent community of 18,000 śramanus with Varadatta at their head, 40.000 nuus with Ārva Yaksini at their head: 1.69.000 lav votaries with Nanda at their head; 336,000 female lay votaries with Mahāsuvratā at their head; ? four hundred sages who kuew the fourteen Pūrvas; 1,500 sages who were possessed of the Avudhi knowledge; 1,500 K'evalins; 1,500 sages who could transform themselves; 1,000 sages of vast intellect; 800 professors; 1,600 sages in their last birth; 1,500 male and 3,000 female disciples who had reached perfection. Aristanemi instituted two epochs in his capacity of a Maker of an end; the opoch relating to generations and the epoch relating to psychical condition, the foriner ended in the eighth generation and the latter in the twelfth year of his Kevalaship. He lived three centuries as a prince, 54 days in a state inferior to perfection, something less than seven centuries as a kevulin, full seven centuries is a śramana, and some thousand years on the whole. He liberated himself in a squatting position on the summit of mount Girnar after fasting a month and in the company of 536 monks.
The Arhat Pārýva 8 was born of Queen Vāmā, wife of Asvasena, King of Benares. Before the venerable ascetic Pārsva had adopted the life of a houscholder, he possessed supreme knowledge and intuition. When he understood, by virtue of this knowledge, that the time for his renunciation had come, he left all, and riding in a palanquin followed on his way by a train of gods, men and asuras, he went right through the town of Benares to the park called Asrama pada and proceeded to the excellent tree Asoka. There he got down from his palanquin, took off his ornaments and with his own hands plucked out his hair in five handfuls. When the moon was in conjunction with the asterism Viśāklā, he tore out his hair and entered the state of homelessness after fasting for three days and a half. For 83 days practising strict morality and surmounting all obstacles on the 84th day, Pārsva under a Dhātaki tree, after fasting two days and a half, being engaged in deep meditation, reached the infinite, highest knowledge and intuition called Kevala.
1 The Digambara toxts mention eleven ganas and eloven ganadharas with Varadatta at thoir head.
2 Tho Digambaras namo ono lukh and three lakhs male and fomale lay votaries respectively.
3 Kalpasūtru, Jinricarilru, 150; Pise araha Bānārasie nuyaric 488a8cnassa runno Vaminüe devie.... kucchimsi gubbhattāe vakkamte. Pārsva was an ascetic who lived some 250 years before Mahāvīra.
