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SOME JAINA CANONICAL SOTRAS
should control his passion regarding a woman. He should mortify himself, abandon all idea of delicacy, overcome desires, remove the feeling of hatred and control passion, In the third chapter the following are the improper things to be avoided by the sages who are free from the ties of the world and who have made themselves firm in self-restraint:
(1) a thing done purposely for the monk; (2) a thing purchased for the monk; (3) a thing brought for the monk from a distant place; (4) dinner at night; (5) scents, flowers, fan, shampooing; (6) playing at counters; (7) playing at dice; (8) bearing the umbrella when not required; (9) wearing shoes; (10) kindling fire; (11) cleaning the limbs; (12) service of householders; (13) remembrance of past pleasures when ill; (14) ginger, sugarcane which is not ripe, sea salt,
purgative, collyrium, painting the teeth, de
coration of the body, etc. All these things should be shunned by the sages. The monks who are free from worldly ties, are acquainted with the five ways of the influx of karma, who are well-restrained in the six classes of living beings, who have controlled the five senses and who are courageous. The self-restrained monks, who are full of contentment, are uncovered in cold seasons, heat themselves in hot seasons, etc.
In the fourth chapter we find the question of nonviolence which requires a thorough examination of the presence of life in the various things of the world. Life exists wherever there is growth and movement. A monk ought to see that no violence of any kind is done to any living thing, however small or great. The six great vows are enunciated in this chapter. The following are the topics discussed here: (1) On the knowledge of life and non-life depends
the chain of successive higher steps of spiritual progress made up of the knowledge of the
various resulting future conditions; (2) The knowledge of freedom and bondage; (3) Disgust with worldly life; (4) Abandonment of enjoyment; (5) Homelessness; (6) Self-restraint;
