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in addition to yoga, conditional upon 3 other causes of which each as long as it operates, affords the bandha of a certain number of karmaprak tis. The four causes of bondage are:
Mithy tva Wrong belief. (5) Avirati Lack of self-discipline or lack of interest in observance of the vows. (12) Ka yas Passions. (25) Yoga Activities. (15)
Each of these chief causes is subdivided into a number of subdivisions, the secondary causes as shown in 0 against each. Each chief cause results in binding certain types of karma species. For example hostility against knowledge and undifferentiated cognition (i.e. samyag j na and dar ana): those who know and the means of cognition; disregard of the doctrine and it commandments; lack of respect/ dedication towards teachers and masters and destruction of books are the causes of bondage of knowledge obscuring a n vara a) and undifferentiated cognition (dar an vara a) prak tis.
3.2 Stoppage of Bonding or Sa vara Two processes are required for de-bonding namely: no bonding of new karmas (sa vara) and dissociation of accumulated karmas (nirjar ). In fact, Kundakunda states stoppage is instrumental in dissociation. Bonding is due to passion. Hence, activities or observances without passions are required. As stoppage leads to flushing, the factors for it are also the factors for dissociation. Various texts have mentioned observances for being without passion. Here we shall refer to Tattv rthas tra.
Obstructing of influx i.e. flow of matter particles towards the soul is stoppage (sa vara). It is of two types namely: psychic (bh va) andphysical (dravya). The cessation of activities that lead to transmigration is psychic stoppage (bh va sa vara). When these activities are checked they result in karmic matter being interrupted (dravya sa vara) from flowing towards the soul. The means of stoppage are
Sag ptisamitidharm n prek pari ahajayac ritraih TS 9.2
i.e. Stoppage is affected by attitudes of control /restraint and carefulness, virtue, contemplation, endurance of afflictions and conduct. That by which the soul is protected from the causes of transmigration, is:
Control or restraint (g pti) i.e. restraint on activities of mind speech and body Careful movements to avoid injury to organism in regulation are carefulness (samiti) (care in walking, speaking, food, picking and placing and excretions). Which takes to the desired goals is virtue (dharma). These are Supreme-forgiveness, humility, honesty, non-greediness, truth, restraint, austerity, renunciation, celibacy and nonpossession Meditating on the nature of body and so is contemplation (an prek ). Twelve contemplations are on world (transmigration), soul's transientness, refuge less ness, solitariness, separateness, impurity of body, influx, stoppage, dissociation, rarity of enlightenment and Jina teaching. To endure the bodily afflictions for the sake of dissociation of karmas. Conquest by patient endurance is (pari aha). 22 afflictions are: hunger, thirst, heat, cold, insectbite, nakedness, disliking, women, wandering, seating, sleeping, agony, injury. begging, non-gin, illness. Blades of grass, dirt, reward and honor, wisdom, ignorance and lack of faith Conduct (c ritra) is observance of vows and other spiritual purification activities assigned. Five types of conduct are equanimity, re-initiation after atonement, purity though exclusion, subtle passion and perfect conduct.
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