ISJS Jainism Study Notes E5 Vol 04

Author(s): International School for Jain Studies
Publisher: International School for Jain Studies

Page 509

9. Stoppage of karmic influx: karmic particles do not approach the soul in the absence of desire, attachment and aversion. The twelve contemplations lead to stoppage of karmic influx.
10. Dissolution of karma: Karmic body can be reduced through the practice of austerities and contemplation on the attributes and purity of the soul. Internal and external penances (tapa) are instrumental in intentional shedding of karma even before fruition.
11. Righteous conduct: The following code of virtuous conduct reflects the natural attributes of the soul.
1) Forgiveness (Kshama) 2) Straightforwardness (Aarjav) 3) Humility, Modesty (Mardav) 4) Purity of thought, Contentment (Schauch) 5) Truth (Satya) 6) Self-Restraint (Sanyam) 7) Austerity, Penance (Tapa) 8) Renunciation (Tyag) 9) Non-attachment (Akinchanya) 10) Celibacy (Brahmcharya)
Adherence to the prescribed code of conduct and contemplation on the natural attributes of the pure soul enables weakening of passions, reducing the karmic-body and leading to the goal of self-realization. To celebrate these ten natural attributes of the soul, jains every year observe Das Lakshan Maha Parva (Great Festival of Ten Virtues), also called Paryushan Parva during the months of August/September. Each day is devoted to the contemplation, study, practice and discussions of a single attribute.
12. Rarity of true enlightenment: Among all forms of living beings, humans alone have the greatest capacity for rational knowledge and can control their lives. Hence only humans have the ability to attain enlightenment. A healthy human life blessed with properly developed senses and highly evolved consciousness conducive to attain spiritual enlightenment is rare.
3.1.1.2. Virtuous Meditation (Dharam Dhyan)
Meditation (Dhyan) involves concentration of mind on a single topic. Meditations have been classified according to the subject/object of concentration into 4 types:
1) Sorrowful Meditation (Ärta Dhyan): relates to distress or pain
2) Inclement/Cruel Meditation (Roudra Dhyan): relates to revenge, violence, deceit
3) Virtuous Meditation (Dharma Dhyan): on the real nature of the self and the universe
4) Spiritual Meditation (Shukla Dhyän): on the pure nature of self/soul/consciousness
The first two types of meditations are most common in inauspicious leshyas and induce karmic-influx; however, endeavors to practice virtuous meditation (dharma dhyan) can help to destroy karma and thus transform into the auspicious leshyas (see table 1.).
3.1.2. Introspection and Repentance (Pratikraman)
Pratikraman meaning "introspection" is a process of repentance (prayaschit) and asking for forgiveness during daily activities. Pratikraman is the combination of two words, Pra meaning return and atikraman meaning violation. Jain householders, are supposed to observe twelve minor vows. During Pratikraman any violations that may have occurred in the observation of these vows are reviewed.
Regular practice of Pratikraman helps to minimize the karmic bondage.
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STUDY NOTES version 4.0