ISJS Jainism Study Notes E5 Vol 04

Author(s): International School for Jain Studies
Publisher: International School for Jain Studies

Page 560

without knowledge Samyak Darsana is possible. Even in Mithyadrsti has knowledge. Therefore knowledge does not have any connection with Samyak Darsana. (G th No:5)
Within samyak Caritra (conduct) Samyak tapa is inherited. (G th No: 6) Restraint is to follow the 13 fold part of conduct. This conduct is followed when outer and inner tapa (austerities) confine to each other. When they are correlated to each other a perfect conduct is followed and this will lead to the development of a refined character.
Likewise one who does the aradhana of Samyak Caritra: Tapa automatically follows it. But it may not be the case the one who does tapa, caritra follows it.
Even though shortly two types of aradhanas are mentioned but yet there is in detailed discussion of the four types of aradhanas.
1) Samyak Darsana: Amongst the four, this one is the most important and is worth acquiring first and foremost. Sivarya says; try to acquire this one first. It is so because even if one dies while acquiring this it is fruitful because only with Samyak Darsana moksa is achievable. Once Samyak Darsana is achieved Samyak jň na, Caritra, tapa is correctly grasped. Without Samyak Darsana, the J va is ignorant and not restrained. Without Samyak Darsana, the knowledge of 11 Angas is fruitless.
The one who has faith in the six dravyas: Dharma, Adharma, Akasa, Pudgala, kala, and J va is one who is follower of Samyak Darsana. (G th No: 35) A detailed discussion of the flaws, the qualities, the degrees of Samyak Darsana, classifications etc are discussed in detailed.
2) Samyak jň na: That knowledge which has confined to the development of soul is right Knowledge. (G th No: 99) With the right knowledge the knowledge of the tattvas (J va, aj va, srava, etc) is grasped properly. (G tha No 100) To know the subject of these tattvas one needs to read the scriptures continuously. What is the type of knowledge that one has to acquire? Sivarya answers that, 1) which has in its base the nayas and Pramanas. 2) Free from the contradictions and free from 32 defaults, 3) which are based on niksepas, anuyogdv ras, nayas, 4) that which has in it the deeper meaning, 5) that which is the highest, 6) which is useful for all J vas, 7) that which destroys the bad karmas.
One has to such agamas and acquires such knowledge, is what Sivarya tends to say. (G tha No: 98) That which is conducive to the development of the soul is necessarily worth acquiring from the scriptures or from the discourses. A person who is without right knowledge takes lacs of years to free from karmic bondages than a person who has this right knowledge requires only a time less than 48 minutes (antarmuhurata). (G tha No: 107) A person with right knowledge refines himself far better than an ignorant one who does fasting for days together. (G tha No: 108)
3) Samyak Caritra: This work is mainly for the monks, the importance is hence given to Samyak Caritra and samyak Tapa. The importance and other details of Samyak Caritra is expressed in 403 G th s (Nos 775to 1178). In the G th no 9 it has been expressed that "the knowledge that this is duty and this is non-duty: non-is hence left; this is Samyak Caritra". With mind, body and speech one has to engage oneself in the auspicious actions. (G tha No: 9) Caritra is of 13 types,
i. Five Mahavrats Non-violence, truth, non-stealing, Celibacy, and non-possession. ii. Five attitudes of carefulness iii. Three Restraints- Mind, body and speech
5 carefulness and 3 restraint are also known as 8 Pravacanamatas. (G tha No 1199) They are like the mother who guards the children from the bad things. These 8 Pravacanamatas are the guardians of Samyak Jnana, Darsana and Caritra. The one who is engaged in the 13 types of caritra really is one who is one who is doing the sadhana of caritra.
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STUDY NOTES version 4.0