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These are following five Siddhanta books which are supposed to be written either by immortal beings or by sages:
Paitamaha or Brahma Siddhanta
Vaistha Siddhanta
Romaka Siddhanta
Paulisa Siddhanta
Surya Siddhanta
The most respected and scientific of these is the Surya Siddhanta, and its calculations are based in recorded coordinates of Nakṣatras. It is believed to have been written in about 280 AD.
It is claimed that the third and fourth of the Siddhanta books may have foreign influence since these have, at some places, greater resemblance to greek astronomy than to Indian astronomy. However, the most accurate of these, viz. the Surya- Siddhanta is certainly Indian. All these five Siddhanta's were edited by the famous astronomer Varahamihira, in his famous work Panca Siddhantikā. There are other books on astronomy, written later, by outstanding mathematicians and astronomers.
1. Aryabhatiya : It was written by Aryabhata 1 (421 Śaka), whose fifteen hundredth Anniversary we celebrated in 1976 and after whom we named our first satellite. This was the first book on astronomy supposed to be written by a non-divine being. The book also contains chapters on arithmetic, algebra and trigonometry, and gives the first tables for trigonometric functions. Details about this book are given in Chapter III of 'The Aryabhatiya'.
2. Brahmasphuta Siddhanta (revised system of Brahma) by Brahmagupta (550 Śaka): This book gives accurate rules for finding positions of planets, and corrects errors in earlier works. Bhaskarācrya considered Brahmagupta as Ganita Candra Curamani first gem among the circle of mathematicians.
3. Baswati Karana by Satananda (1021 Śaka): This book uses Centimal multiplication and division system.
4. Siddhanta Širomani by Bhaskarācārya (1036 Śaka): This book is the most comprehensive and gives a complete account of Indian astronomy till that time. It also discusses the obliquity or the ecliptic and its effect on the equation of time. This contains four parts, namely Lilavati, Bijaganita, Goladhayaya and Grhaganita.
5. Grahalagvam By Ganesa (1445 Saka): This book is useful for those who have only limited knowledge of mathematics.
6. Siddhanta Tattava Viveka by Kakalaka Bhatt (1530 Śaka): It is a good book on mathematical astronomy.
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अर्हत् वचन, 23 (3), 2011
