Agam 01 Ang 01 Acharanga Sutra

Author(s): K R Chandra, Dalsukh Malvania
Publisher: Prakrit Jain Vidya Vikas Fund Ahmedabad

Page 321

परिशिष्ट
287
ral points in his book. In the first chapter (pp. 1-34) he deals with different readings relating to the loss of non-conjunct intervocalic consonants found in different cditions of the samc texts. Out of many, only a few examples can be cited : ctar-eyaṁ, logan-loyam, bahuga-bahuya, bhagavatā-bhagavayā, paveditā-pavciyā, udaramuyaram, cute-cuc vs cuto-cuo, adhe-ahe, thibhi-thihi, and so on. In fact, one of the greatest difficultics in Prakrit in gcncral, is the condition for the loss of intervocalic k. g, c. j, t, d, p. y, v (Hc. I. 177) which are generally elided in the intervocalic position. But where these sounds are to be elided is not casy to ascertain from the prescription of the Prakrit grammarians, Hemacandra has suggested by saying--yatra śruti-sukham utpadvate sa tatra kāryaḥ (vrtti under 1.231); but this is merely an indication of how to look at the problem. My feeling is that all these sounds in an intervocalic position are to be elided in principle, otherwise the rule of Prakrit will be useless. So the readings where the clision of these sounds are found are to be accepted, but in case t is changed to d as in Sauraseni (where intervocalic d is retained), then, of course, that d is not clided. If that principle is followed, then we can avoid confusions of rcadings. The passage like suyan mc ausam or sudam or sutam me ausam are puzzling. In fact sudam is a Saurascni influence.
With regard to the changes between dh and h, dh is to be regarded as older than h, because dh is preserved in Vcdic, c.g.. Vedic idha > classical ina. This retention of dh is preserved in Sauraseni and in some Asokan Prakrits, c.g., idha na kimci jiva, ctc. So also adha, it!ha>aha (Mahā.). That is why in the history of OIA. there has always been an interchange between dh and h; c.g., āghata and ähäta, dhita and hita, grbhati and urhnāti. This is supported by Hemacandra's sülra-kha-ghi-tha-dha-bhām (1.180) where intervocalic kh, gh, th, dh and bli become h in Maharastri. But dh is retained in Sauraseni and th also becomes dh in the same dialect. So the readings, with gh, dh, etc. in Amg. seems to have been carelessly done.
In chapter II (pp. 35-52) Dr. Chandra discusses some forms of some words which seem to him to be confusing. He citoy examples of some words which have several forms, such as, ātman has attā, ātā, āya and appă, and the endings of locative singular are found in -anisi, -ssim. -imi, -mhi (1) and so on. In chapter III (pp.53-67)