Parikshamukh

Author(s): Ghanshyamdas Jain
Publisher: Ghanshyamdas Jain
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/022447/1

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AGOG too parIkSAmukha (nyAya zAstra) NNA lekhaka va prakAzaka ghanazyAmadAsa, jain|

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shriiviitraagaaynmH| zrImanmANikyanandisvAmiviracita--- parIkSAmukha bhaassaa-anuvaad| lekhaka va prakAzakamaharaunI (jhA~sI) nivAsI ghanazyAmadAsa jaina, dharmA dhyApaka syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya, kAzI / prathamAvRtti] zrIvIra ni0 saM0 2441 [ mUlya mAnA

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samarpaNa / yaha pustaka, bamarAnA (jhAMsI) nivAsI udArAzaya, zrImAn seTha lakSmIcandrajI raIsake kara-kamaloMmeM-unake aneka upakAroMse AbhArI ho, lekhaka dvArA sAdara samarpita huii| vinIta lekhk|

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bhUmikA / isa saMsAra cakrameM aneka mata pracalita haiM aura ve sabahI apane pApako satpathagAmI batAte haiM-mokSamArgI kahate haiM, aura yaha bhI kahate haiM ki hamAre mArga para calanese hI abhISTa phala lAbha hosakatA hai| aisI avasthAmeM kisI bhole jijJAsu ko, saccemArgako khoja karane meM bar3o bhArI ar3acaneM aa par3atI haiM jisase vaha becArA AtmakalyANase vazcitahI raha jAtA hai aura duHkhamaya saMsAra cakrameM cakkara lagAyA karatA hai| parantu prAcAryoMne jo parokSAke lie pramANarUpI kasauTI taiyArakI hai yadi usase jA~cakara sacce padArthoM kA nirNaya kiyAjAya; to hama dAveke sAtha kaha sakate haiM ki koI bhI puruSa bhAnta nahIM hosakatA-(The mArgameM nahIM phaMsa sakatA; kyoMki jaise tarAjU. se tule hue kisI padArthameM sandeha nahIM rahatA hai yA yoM kahie ki kasauTI para ghisakara jAMca hue suvarNameM koI sandeha nahIM rahatA hai| vaisehI pramANa dvArA nirNIta padArthoM meM bhI sandeha nahIM rahatA hai / so hI umAsvAmI mahArAjane kahA hai kiHpramANanayairadhigamaH / jina padArthoke zraddhAna, jJAna aura prAcaNako mokSamArga kahate haiM una padArthoM kA nirNaya karanA satpathagAmimoko atyAvazyaka hai / ve padArtha, jIva, ajIva, baMdha aura mokSa haiM / parantu jina bhAiyoM ko saMskRtakA jJAna nahIM hai ve saMskRtake granthoMse pramANake svarUpako nahIM jAna sakate haiM aura pramANako binA jAne mokSamArgake viSayabhUta padArthoMkA nirNaya bhI nahIM kara sakate haiN| isa vicArase-ki kevala, bhASAko jAnanevAle bhI pramANake svarUpako sugamatAse samajha sakeM aura padArthoM kA nirNaya kara satpathagAmI banasakeM.

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( 2 ) prerita hokara, hamane isa parIkSAmukha nAmaka mahAn granthake mUlasUtroMkI pahale sAmAnyabhASA aura nIce vizeSa bhAvArtha likhA hai jisase vidyArthIgaNa bhI lAbha uThA sakate haiM / isa grantha meM pramANake svarUpa, saMkhyA, viSaya aura phala, ina cAra bAtoMkA nirNaya kiyA gayA hai / isa grantha meM hai adhyAya haiM jinameM se pAMca adhyAyoMmeM Upara kahe hue cAra viSayoMkA nirUpaNa hai aura anta meM chUTe adhyAya meM una sabake AbhAsakA varNana hai / ve adhyAya, pramANasvarUpa, pratyakSa, parokSa, viSaya, phala aura zrAbhAsa, isaprakAra haiM / phira eka chanda meM granthakArane apane isa granthako darpaNakI upamA dikhAI hai, vaha isalie ki isa granthale pratyeka manuSya padArthoMkI heyatA aura upAdeyatAko usItaraha jAna sakatA hai, jisa taraha darpaNa se apane mukhake sauMdarya aura vairUpayako jAna letA hai / isa amUlya granthake kartA zrImANikyanandi nAmaka zrAcArya haiN| inakA savistara jIvanacaritra kahIMse upalabdha nahIM huA; parantu vIra ni. saMvat 2436 ke bAr3ha mAsa ke jaina hitaiSIke navama aeNkase yaha mAlUma huA hai ki yaha zrAcArya isvI san 800 meM vidyamAna the aura isI samayake lagabhaga kalaMka devAdi aura aura AcAryoMne bhI khyAti lAbha kI thI / inhoMne akalaMkadeva ke race hue granthoMkA anumanana karake ina thor3e se sUtroMmeM nyAya ke mUlasiddhAntakA prathana kiyA hai, yaha bAta anantavIrya zrAcArya kI banAI huI prameyaratnamAlA nAmakI TIkAke nimna kase vidita hotI hai / akalaMkavaco'mbhodherudadhe yena dhImatA / nyAyavidyAmRtaM tasmai namo mANikyanandine // 1 // yaha grantha itanA gaMbhIra hai ki isakA mahAtmya hI nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai / isa grantha para zrIprabhAcandra AcAryakI

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banAI huI 1200 zrIprameyakamalamArtaNDa nAmakI TIkA hai aura zrIanantavIryakI banAI huI.zrIprameyaratnamAlA nAmakI TIkA hai| isa anuvAdake viSayameM hamArA yahI namra nivedana hai ki isa anuvAdako likhate samaya zabdArtha aura bhAvArtha para vizeSa lakSya diyA gayA hai aura sAtha meM yaha bhI prayatna kiyA gayA hai ki bhASA sarala ho, phira bhI kahIM kahIM koI kaThina zabda mAgayA hai usake lie pAThakoMko Age pIche dekha lenA cAhie / maiM nahIM kaha sakatA hUM ki isake likhane meM maiMne kahAM taka sapha. latA prAptakI hai isakA nirNaya karanA pAThakoMke Upara hI nirbhara hai, yadi vAcakoMne ise apanAyA aura isase kucha bhI lAbha uThAyA tathA mujha kucha bhI utsAha diyA; to maiM phira bhI unakI sevA karanekA sAhasa karUMgA aura apanA saubhAgya smjhNgaa| isa pranyake likhanemeM hamAre mitroMne hameM bahuta utsAha diyA hai isaliye hama unakA bar3A bhArI AbhAra mAnate haiM aura unakI sevAmeM dhanyavAda bheTa karate haiM / antameM hama zrIyukta paM0 umarAvasiMhajI sA0 ko vizeSa dhanyavAda dete hai| kyoMki Apane hamAre pUrNa utsAhako bar3hAyA hai / ityalam / vaizAkha zukla 3) saMvat 1972 kaashii| ) . ghanazyAmadAsa. tu pustaka milane ke pate: (1) ghanazyAmadAsa jaina, syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya, kAzI / (2) baMzIdhara jaina, mAsTara bur3havAra (lalitapura)

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// zrI jinAya namaH // || parIkSAmukha bhASA artha sahita || vA jainiyoM kA mUla nyAya siddhAnta / granthakAra kI pratijJA tathA prayojana / pramANAdarthasaMsiddhistadAbhAsAdviparyayaH / iti vakSye tayorlakSma siddhamalpaM laghIyasaH // 1 // bhASArtha -- pramANa ( sacce jJAna ) se padArthoM kA nirNaya hotA hai, aura pramANAbhAsa ( jhuMTe jJAna se padArthoM kA nirNaya nahIM hotA ; isa liye mandabuddhivAle bAlakoM ke hitArtha. una donoM kA lakSaNa thor3e zabdoM meM, jaisA ki pUrva maharSiyoM ne kahA hai; kahatA hU~ / aba pramANa ke svarUpa kA nirNaya karate haiM / pramANa kA lakSaNa / svApUrvArtha vyavasAyAtmakaM jJAnaM pramANam // 1 // bhASArtha - - apane tathA pUrvArtha ke nizcaya karane vAle jJAna ko pramANa kahate haiM |

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parIkSAmukha bhAvArtha -- vahI jJAna saccA hai, pramANa hai, jo apana Apa ko jAnatA hai, aura anya padArthoM ko jAnatA hai; arthAt jo apane svarUpa kA, tathA para padArthoM ke svarUpa kA nirNaya karatA hai. vahI saccA jJAna hai / aba jJAna kA pramANapanA siddha karate haiM:-- hitAhitaprAptiparihArasamartha hi pramANaM tato jJAnameva tat // 2 // bhASArtha -- jaba ki, jo sukhakI prApti tathA dukha ke dUra karane meM samartha hotA hai, usIko pramANa kahate haiM; taba vaha pramANa jJAnahI hosakatA hai / anya sannikarSa Adika nahIM / bhAvArthasannikarSa indriya aura padArthoM kA sambandha zracetana hotA hai. aura jar3a ( acetana ) se sukha kI prApti tathA duHkha kA parihAra hotA nahIM / isa kAraNa sannikarSa pramANa nahIM ho sakatA hai, aura jJAna se ye bAteM hotI haiM; isa lie vaha pramANa mAnA gayA hai| vaha pramANa nizcayAtmaka hI hotA hai:tannizcayAtmakaM samAropaviruddhatvAdanumAnavat // 3 // bhASArtha - - vaha pramANa nizcayAtmaka, arthAt sva aura para kA nizcaya karanevAlA hotA hai; kyoMki vaha samAropa ( saMzaya, viparyaya tathA anadhyavasAya ) se rahita hotA hai, jaise anu mAna pramANa /

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bhaassaa-ary| wnnnwr bhAvArtha--bauddha anumAna ko padArthoM ko nizcaya karane vAlA mAnatA hai, aura pratyakSa ko nirvikalpaka arthAt nizcaya rahita mAnatA hai; parantu jainiyoM ne saba hI pramANa apane tathA para ke nizcaya karane vAle mAne haiM / basa, yahI dikhalAne ko unhIM ke mAne hue anumAna kA dRSTAnta diyA hai, aura saba pramANoM ko nizcayAtmaka siddha kara diyA hai / jo kisI padArtha kA tathA apanA nirNagna nizcaya rUpa se nahIM karegA, vaha kisa haisiyata se pramANa ho sakatA hai / viruddha aneka koTiyoM ko viSaya karane vAle jJAna ko saMzaya kahate haiM, jaise yaha bagulA hai athavA patAkA / viparIta padArtha ke jAnane vAle jJAnako viparyaya kahate haiM, jaise sIpa meM cAMdI kA jJAna honA / rAste meM jAte hue tRNa sparza vagairaha ke jJAna ko anadhyavasAya kahate haiM, jaise kucha hai yaha jJAna / dekhiye, yaha tInoM isI lie pramANa nahIM mAne jAte; ki ye apane viSaya kA nizcaya nahIM karate haiN| aba apUrvArtha kA samarthana karate haiM / anizcito pUrvArthaH // 4 // bhASArtha-jisa padArtha kA pahale kabhI kisI sacce jJAna se nirNaya nahIM huA hai, usako apUrvArtha aisI saMjJA dI jAtI hai, arthAt usI ko apUrvArtha kahate haiN| bhAvArtha--jo jJAna jAne hue padArtha ko jAnatA hai, vaha pramANa nahIM hotA, kyoMki usane padArtha kA nizcaya hI nahIM kiyA; kintu nizcita hI ko jAnA hai|

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parIkSAmukha parantu yaha bhI ekAnta nahIM hai:dRSTo'pi samAropAttAhak // 5 // bhASArtha-jo padArtha pahale kisI pramANa se nizcita ho cukA hai, usa meM yadi saMzaya zrAdi koI eka bhI jhaMThA jJAna hojAya, to vaha bhI apUrvArtha kahA jAyagA, aura usakA jAnanevAlA jJAna bhI pramANa svarUpa hogaa| aba sva-vyavasAya kA samarthana karate haiM:svonmukhatayA pratibhAsanaM svasya vyavasAyaH // 6 // bhASArtha-apane zrApa ke anubhava se hone vAle pratibhAsa ko svavyavasAya arthAt svarUpa kA nizcaya kahate haiM / bhAvArtha-jaba AtmA kisI padArtha ke jAnane ko vyApAra karatA hai taba "maiM usako jAnatA hU~' aisI pratIti hotI hai / basa, usa pratIti meM "maiM" zabda karake svarUpa kI hI pratIti hotI hai / __ isI ko dRSTAnta se puSTa karate haiM:arthasyeva tadunmukhatayA // 7 // bhASArtha-jisa taraha arya ke anubhava se padArtha kA pratibhApta hotA hai, usI taraha stra ke anubhava se svavyavasAya hotA hai / bhAvArtha-ina sAta sUtroM meM kevala itanAhI varNana huaA hai ki jo jJAna apana aura anya padArthoM ke svarUpa kA nizcaya karane vAlA hotA hai, vahI saccA jJAna arthAta pramANa hai, aisAhI nyAyadIpikA meM likhA hai ki-"samyagjJAnaM pramANam" arthAt sacce jJAna

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bhaassaa-ary| (sva tathA apUrvArtha ke nizcaya karane vAle jJAna ) ko pramANa kahate haiM; aura nahIM nizcaya karane vAle saMzaya, viparyaya tathA anadhyavasAya ko apramANa kahate haiM / kisI padArtha ke jAnane ke samaya aisI pratIti hotI hai: ghaTamahamAtmanA veni // 8 // bhANartha--maiM ( kartA ) ghaTa ko ( karma ) jJAna se ( karaNa) jAnatA hU~ ( kriyA) bhAvArtha-sarvatra jJAna ke samaya cAra bAtoM kI pratIti hotI hai, jinameM "maiM" karake apanA pratIti hotI hai isI ko jJAna ke svarUpa kA nizcaya kahate haiMkyoMki yaha prAtmA kI pratIti hai, aura vaha AtmA jJAna svarUpa hai| isa kAraNa "maiM" karake jJAna apane zrApa ko jAnatA hai / aura " ghaTa ko '' isa karake apUrvArtha kI pratIti hotA hai tathA "jAnatA hU~" yaha kriyA kI pratIti hai, jisako pramiti, ajJAna kI nirvRtti, tathA jJApti, vA pramANa kA phala, bhI kahate haiN| aura " jJAna se" isa karake karaNa rUpa pramANa kI pratIti hotI hai, jisakA phala ajJAna ko dUra karanA hai| ___ jo loga kevala karma kI pratIti mAnate haiM, tathA kartA karma aura kriyA kI pratIti mAnate haiM unake lie zrAcArya kahate haiN| karmavatkartRkaraNakriyApratIteH // 9 // bhASArtha-karma kI bhAMti kartA, karaNa tathA kriyA kI bhI

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parIkSAmukha pratIti hotI hai, jisako Upara ke sUtra se jAna lenA cAhiye / bhAvArtha-savatra padArthoM kA nirNaya pratIti se hotA hai, arthAt jisa padArtha kI jaisI pratIti hotI hai, usakA vaisA hI svarUpa mAnA jAtA hai / yadi aisA nahIM mAnA jAya; to kabhI padArthoM kA nirNaya hI na hogA / basa, kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai; ki jaba hama kisI padArtha ko jAnate haiM, taba isa sUtra meM dikhAI gaI cAra bAtoM kI pratIti hotI hai| jo loga ina cAra bAtoM kI pratIti ko kevala zabdAdika arthAt zabda mAtra se hone vAlI mAnate haiM, unake lie AcArya kahate haiM:zabdAnuccAraNe'pi svasyAnubhavanamarthavat // 10 // bhASArtha--zabda ko vinA kahe bhI apanI-pratIti, apane svarUpa kI pratIti, hotI hai| jisa taraha ki ghaTa Adi zabdoM ke vinA uccAraNa kiye hI ghaTa Adi padArthoM kI pratIti hotI hai| bhAvArtha--"maiM" isa prakAra apane svarUpa kA bodhaka zabda na bolA jAya taba bhI apane prAtmA kI pratIti hotI hai| jisa prakAra ki ghaTa zabda ko bole vinA bhI vaTa kI / yadi kevala yaha pratIti zAbdika hI hotI, to zabda ke abhAva meM kabhI na hotI; parantu hotI hai / isase siddha hotA hai. ki yaha pratIti zAbdika arthAt zabda mAtra se hI hone vAlI nahIM hai / usI ko AcArya, kucha kautuka karate hue puSTa karate haiM:ko vA tatpatibhAsinamarthamadhyakSamicchaMstadeva tathA necchet // 11 //

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bhaassaa-kaary| 7 bhASArtha-laukika athavA parIkSaka kauna aisA puruSa hai jo jJAna se pratibhAsita hue padArthoM ko to pratyakSa jJAna kA viSaya mAne, parantu svaya jJAna ko pratyakSa na mAne, arthAt sarva hI mAnege, ki jaba jJAna dUsaroM kA pratyakSa karatA hai to apanA bhI karatA hogA / yadi apane ko na jAnatA hotA, to dUsare padArthoM ko bhI na jAna sakatA, jaise ghaTa vagairaha apane ko nahIM jAnate, isI lie dUsaroM ko bhI nahIM jAnate haiN| bhAvArtha-jo yaha kahegA, ki maiM ghaTa kA pratyakSa kara rahA huuN| usako "maiM" isa zabda ke vAcya jJAna kA bhI pratyakSa mAnanA hI pdd'egaa| isI ko dRSTAnta se puSTa karate haiM:pradIpavat // 12 // bhASArtha-jaise dIpaka ghaTa paTa zrAdi dUsare padArthoM ko prakAzita karatA huA apane zrApa (dIpaka ) ko bhI prakAzita karatA hai, vaise hI jJAna, ghaTa paTa zrAdi ko jAnatA huzrA apane zrApa ( jJAna ) ko bhI jAnatA hai| bhAvArtha-yadi dIpaka apane zrApa ko prakAzita na karatA; to ghaTa paTa ke prakAzaka dIpaka ke DhU~r3hane ke lie dUsare dIpaka kI AvazyakatA hotI ; parantu hotI nahIM hai| isa se siddha hotA hai ki dIpaka stra aura para kA prakAzaka hai, isI prakAra jJAna bhI stra aura para kA prakAzaka hai| isameM koI sandeha nahIM hai, kyoMki sarvatra dRSTa padArthoM se hI adRSTa padArthoM kI kalpanA kI jAtI hai|

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parIkSAmukha usa pramANa ke prAmANya kA nirNaya karate haiM: tatprAmANyaM svataH paratazca // 13 // bhASArtha -- usa pramANa ( sacce jJAna ) ke prAmANya arthAt vAstavikapane (jaisA padArtha hai usako vaisAhI jAnane ) kA do prakAra se nirNaya hotA hai / arthAt abhyAsa dazA meM apane Apa (kisI anya padArtha kI sahAyatA vinA) hI nirNaya ho jAtA hai, aura anabhyAsa dazA meM anya kAraNoM kI sahAyatA se nirNaya hotA hai / U bhAvArtha -- jahAM nirantara jAyA AyA karate haiM vahA ke nadI tAlAba Adi sthAna paricita hojAte haiM, isI ko abhyAsa dazA kahate hai / basa, usa jagaha svataH hI prAmANya kA nirNaya (jAnapanA) hojAtA hai, aura jahA~ kabhI gaye Aye nahIM, vahA~ ke nadI tAlAba Adi paricita nahIM hote haiM, isako abhyAsa dazA kahate haiM. basa, aisI hAlata meM dUsare kAraNoM se hI prAmANya kA nirNaya hotA hai| isI ko dRSTAnta se puSTa karate haiM / koI puruSa nirantara hI zivapura jAyA karatA hai, aura vahAM ke rAste meM jitane kUpa tar3Aga vagairaha Ate haiM. saba ko bhalI bhAMti jAnatA hai / phira vaha jaba 2 jAtA hai taba 2 pUrva ke paricita cinhoM ko dekhate hI jAna letA hai ki yahAM jala hai, aura unhIM cinhoM se yaha bhI jAna letA hai, ki mujhe jo jJAna huA hai vaha bilkula hI ThIka hai / isameM yahI pramANa hai; ki vaha jJAna hone ke bAda hI zIghratA se kue~ meM vA tAlAba meM loTA Dobane laga jAtA hai / agara use apane jJAna kI sacAI nahIM hotI to kabhI aisA nahIM kara sakatA thA; isase mAlUma hotA hai ki abhyAsa dazA meM svataH hI prAmANya kA nirNaya

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bhASA kArya / hotA hai / aura eka dUsarA puruSa pahale hI zivapura gayA, aura rAste meM jaise anya jalAzayoM para cinha hote haiM, vaise cinha dekhe / taba use yaha jJAta huA ki yahAM jala hai ; parantu yaha nirNaya nahIM kara sakA ki kisa qhAsa sthAna para hai arthAt dasa gaz2a isa tarapha hai yA usa tarapha | isake bAda jaba vaha dekhatA hai, ki amukI ora se striyA~ pAnI lie zrA rahI haiM, athavA koI sugandhi vAyu A rahI hai / taba vaha kahatA hai ki yaha merA jala-jJAna saccA hai yadi saccA na hotA; to ye striyA~ jala lene ko bhI nahIM AtIM / phira vaha dasa gaz2a jAkara kue~ meM loTA Doba kara pAnI bhara letA hai / pAThako ! usakA pahalA jJAna yadyapi saccA thA, parantu usa sacAI kA nirNaya dUsare hI kAraNoM se huA / isase mAlUma hotA hai ki anabhyAsa dazA meM parataH prAmANya kA nirNaya hotA hai / prathama pariccheda kA sArAMza | sampUrNa jJAna sva tathA para ke jAnane vAle hote haiM arthAt apane svarUpa tathA para, ghaTa paTaM zrAdika padArthoM ke, svarUpa ke nizcaya karane vAle hote haiM / taba hI unameM saccApanA zrAtA hai arthAt isI kAraNa se vaha pramANa kahe jAte haiM, aura jinameM sva aura para padArthoM ke nizcaya karane kI sAmarthya nahIM haiM, ve jJAna sacce arthAt pramANa nahIM hote haiM, jaise saMzayajJAna, viparyayajJAna aura adhyavasAya / ina kA svarUpa pahale kahA jA cukA hai / aura isI kAraNa se sannikarSa tathA indriyavyApAra Adika pramANa nahIM ho sakata haiM; kyoMki ve jar3a haiM arthAt cetanA rahita haiM; isa lie jaisA ghaTa, taise hI ve / donoM meM koI mI farka nahIM hai,

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parIkSAmukha phira jo sannikarSa vagairaha ko pramANa mAnate haiM, unako ghaTa bhI pramANa hI mAnanA par3egA / parantu aisA ve mAnate nahIM haiM / isa lie sannikarSa ko bhI ghaTa kI taraha apramANa mAnanA par3egA / dUsarI bAta yaha hai. ki sannikarSa vagairaha jar3a padArthoM se jIvoM ke iSTa kI siddhi tathA aniSTa kA parihAra nahIM ho sakatA ; isa kAraNa se bhI ve pramANa nahIM hai / yaha bAta nirvivAda siddha hai, ki saba jIva hita kI prApti aura ahita ke parihAra ke lie hI pramANa ko khojate haiN| isase siddha huA, ki jJAna hI pramANa hotA hai anya nahIM / vaha jJAna jisa padArtha ko jAnatA hai vaha aisA honA cAhie jisako ki pahale kisI sacce jJAna ne nahIM jAnA ho, aura agara jAnA bhI ho, to usake bAda kisI jhaMThe jJAna ne phira bhama kara diyA ho, usa padArtha kA nAma hai apUrvArtha, aura usake jAnane vAle jJAna kA nAma hotA hai saccA jJAna, athavA pramANa / usa jJAna meM apU vArtha jAnane ke samaya kevala arvArtha kA hI pratibhAsa nahIM hotA; kintu apane Apa kA bhI hotA hai, isa lie hI vAstavika meM vaha saccA hai ki apane ko jAnatA hai, aura para ko bhI jAnatA hai; kyoMki jo apane ApahI andhA hai vaha dUsare puruSa ko rAstA nahIM batalA sakatA hai, aura yadi batalAvegA to ulTA mArgahI batalAvegA, jisase vecArA pathika mArA mArA phiregA / ThIka isI prakAra jo jJAna apane Apako nahIM jAnatA, vaha dUsare padArtha ko nizcita nahIM jAna sakatA hai, aura yadi jAnegA to saMzaya Adi kI taraha ulTA hI jAnegA, jisa se jJAtA ko lAbha ke badale hAni uThAnI par3egI / isa bAta ko dIpaka, ratna. sUrya, candramA vagairaha dRSTAnta bhalI bhAti puSTa kara rahe haiM ; ki jo dUsare kA prakAzana karatA hai, vaha apanA prakAzana to karatAhI hai; isa meM hastakSepa

Page #20
bhaassaa-prv| . karane kI z2arUratahI nahIM; ki vaha apane Apa ko nahIM jAnatA hai| kahane kA tAtparya yaha haiM, ki saba pramANa sva. tathA para padArthoM ke svarUpa ke nizcaya karane vAle hote haiN| aura inakA vAstavika panA kahIM (abhyAsa dazA meM) svataH hI nirNIta hojAtA hai aura kahIM (anabhyAsa dazA meM) parataH nirNIti hotA hai / isa prakAra pramANa ke svarUpa kA saMkSepa varNana kiyA / iti prathamaH paricchedaH / aba pramANa kI saMkhyA kA nirNaya karate hue pratyakSa pramANa kA nirNaya karate haiM:-- taddedhA // 1 // .. bhASArtha-usa pramANa ke arthAt Upara ke pariccheda se nirNIta pramANa ke, do bheda haiM / jaise:--- pratyakSetarabhedAt // 2 // bhASArtha-pratyakSa, aura itara-parokSa / pratyakSapramANa kA lakSaNa / vizadaM pratyakSam // 3 // bhASArtha--nirmala ( spaSTa ) jJAna ko pratyakSa kahate haiN| bhAvArtha--pratyakSa pramANa kI nirmalatA anubhava se jAnI jAtI hai / vaha anubhava isa prakAra hotA hai / kisI puruSa ko usake pitA ne athavA kisI anya manuSya ne aMgni kA jJAna zabdo se karavA diyA; taba usa puruSa ne sAmAnya rUpa se agni

Page #21
22 . parIkSAmukha ko jaanaa| aura usake pazcAt kisI manuSya ne dhUma se agni kA jJAna karavAyA, taba bhI usa puruSa ne jisa jagaha para dhUma thA usa jagaha viziSTa banhi ko jAnA / isake bAda kisI tIsare manuSya ne agni kA jalatA huA aMgAra lAkara usake sAmane rakha diyA, taba usa puruSa ko bilkula nirmala (spaSTa) jJAna ho gayA, ki isa prakAra, aise raMga kI, garma agni hotI hai| basa, isa pratyakSa meM pahale hue do jJAnoM se jo vizeSatA hai usI ko nirmalatA kahate haiM, aura jo jJAna nirmala hotA hai usI ko pratyakSa kahate haiN| isI vaizaya ko AcArya ne kahA hai:pratItyantarAvyavadhAnena vizeSavattayA vA pratibhA. sanaM vaizadyam // 4 // bhASArtha-dUsare jJAna kI sahAyatA ke vinA hone vAle, tathA padArthoM ke AkAra, varNa Adi kI vizeSatA se hone vAle, pratibhAsa ko vaizadya ( vizadatA ) kahate haiM / bhAvArtha-jo jJAna apane svarUpa ke lAbha karane meM dUsare jJAnoM kI sahAyatA cAhate haiM, ve jJAna parokSa kahe jAte haiM, jaise smRti, pratyabhijJAna, tarka, anumAna, tathA aAgama / aura jo dUsare jJAnoM kI sahAyatA nahIM cAhate haiM, ve pratyakSa kahe jAte haiM, aura . unameM jo qhAsiyata hotI hai usa ko vizadatA-vaizadya, nirmalatA vA spaSTatA kahate haiN| usa pratyakSa ke do bheda haiM / eka sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa, dUsarA pAramArthika pratyakSa (mukhyapratyakSa ) /

Page #22
bhaassaa-mrth| sAMvyavahArika pratyakSA ke kAraNa aura usakA lakSaNa / indriyAnindriyanimittaM dezataH saaNvyvhaarikm||5|| bhASArtha-indriyoM kI aura mana kI sahAyatA se hone vAle, eka deza vizada (nirmala ) jJAna ko sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa kahate haiN| bhAvArtha-yaha pratyakSa matijJAna kA hI bheda hai jisakA ki umAsvAmI mahArAja ne "matiH smRtiH saMjJA cintA 'bhini bodha ityanarthAntaram" isa sUtra meM par3e hue mati zabda se ullekha kiyA hai, isake dvArA pravRtti aura nivRtti rUpa vyavahAra calatA hai; isa lie isako sAMvyavahArika vizeSaNa diyA hai / aura thor3I nirmalatA lie hotA hai, isa lie isako pratyakSa kahA hai vastutaH yaha parokSa hI hai / kyoMki, "prAdye parokSam'' yaha sUtra kahatA hai ki matijJAna tathA zrutajJAna parokSa pramANa haiN| jo loga indriya tathA anindriya kI nAI artha aura Aloka (prakAza ) ko bhI jJAna kA kAraNa mAnate haiM, prAcArya unakA niSedha karate haiM:nArthAloko kAraNa paricchedyatvAttamovat // 6 // bhASArtha-padArtha aura prakAza, jJAna ke kAraNa nahIM hai| kyoMki ve jJAna ke viSaya haiN| jo 2 jJAna kA viSaya hotA hai vaha 2 jJAna kA kAraNa nahIM hotA hai / jaise andhakAra / yaha jJAna kA viSaya to hotA hai, kyoMki sarva hI kahate haiM ki yahAM andhakAra

Page #23
14 parIkSAmukha hai, parantu jJAna kA kAraNa nahIM, ulTA jJAna kA pratibandhaka hai arthAt andhakAra kI vajaha se ghaTa paTa kA jJAna nahIM ho sakatA, ruka jAtA hai| bhAvArtha--yadi padArthoM ko jJAna kA kAraNa mAneM, to maujUda padArthoM kA hI jJAna hogA / jo utpanna nahIM hue haiM athavA naSTa ho gae haiM, unakA jJAna nahIM hogA, kyoMki jo hai hI nahIM, vaha kAraNa kaise ho sakatA hai / aura jo Aloka ko kAraNa mAnate haiM unheM rAtri meM kucha bhI jJAna nahIM hogaa| yaha bhI nahIM kaha sakeMge, ki yahAM andhakAra hai| ___ usI ko dUsarI yuktiyoM se siddha karate haiM:tadanvayavyatirekAnuvidhAnAbhAvAcca kezoNDuka jJAnavannaktaMcarajJAnavacca // 7 // bhASArtha---artha aura Aloka ( prakAza ) jJAna ke kAraNa nahIM haiM; kyoMki jJAna kA artha , tathA prakAza ke sAtha anvaya aura vyatireka nahIM hai / jaise keza meM honevAle uNDuka ke jJAna ke sAtha, tathA rAtri meM hone vAle naktaMcara ulla aAdi ke jJAna ke sAtha / bhAvArtha-artha jJAna kA kAraNa nahIM hai; kyoMki jJAna kA artha ke sAtha anvaya tathA vyatireka nahIM hai jaise keza meM hone vAle uNDuka ke jJAna ke sAtha / sArAMza yaha hai ki keza ke hote hue keza kA jJAna hotA, to kaha sakate the ki artha jJAna kA kAraNa hai, parantu aisA na hokara ulTAhI hotA hai, ki jo padArtha (uNDuka arthAt macchara ) hai hI nahIM, usakA to jJAna hotA hai aura jo hai (keza hai) usakA jJAna nahIM hotA hai| isI ko anvaya vyatireka kA

Page #24
bhaassaa-arth| prabhAva kahate haiN| kyoMki kAraNa ke hone para kArya ke hone ko anvaya, tathA kAraNa ke abhAva meM kArya ke abhAva ko vyatireka kahate haiM / isa rIti ke anusAra keza hone para keza kA jJAna honA cAhie thA aura uNDuka ke abhAva meM usa ke jJAna kA abhAva honA cAhie thA so nahI hotA; kiMtu isakA ulTA hI hotA hai| jisase siddha hotA hai ki artha ke sAtha jJAna ke anvaya aura vyatireka donoM hI nahIM haiM / isalie artha jJAna kA kAraNa nahIM hai / isI prakAra Aloka bhI jJAna kA kAraNa nahIM hai, kyoMki jJAna kA Aloka (prakAza) ke sAtha anvaya vyatireka nahIM hai, jaise naktaMcara, ullU zrAdi ke jJAna ke saath| sArAMza yaha hai ki Aloka ke hone para ullU pakSI ko jJAna nahIM hotA haiM aura zrAloka ke nahIM hone para bhI rAtri meM jJAna hotA hai, isase siddha hotA hai ki Aloka jJAna kA kAraNa nahIM hai, agara kAraNa hotA, to rAtri meM ullU ko jJAna kabhI na hotA / bauddha loga mAnate haiM, ki jo jJAna jisa padArtha se utpanna hotA hai, vaha jJAna usI padArtha ko jAnatA hai, - usase viparItahI prAcArya kahate haiM:-- atajjanyamapi tatprakAzakaMpradIpavat // 8 // . bhASArtha-jJAna yadyapi padArthoM se utpanna nahIM hotA hai, to bhI padArthoM kA prakAzaka arthAt jAnane vAlA hotA hai| jaise dIpaka ghaTa paTa Adikase utpanna nahIM hotA hai. to bhI ghaTa paTa aAdika ko prakAzita kara detA hai| bhAvArtha-isI prakAra ghaTa ke zrAkAra nahIM hokara bhI

Page #25
parIkSAmukha jJAna ghaTa ko jAnatA hai, jaise dIpaka ghaTa ke AkAra ko nahIM dhAraNa karake bhI ghaTa ko prakAzita kara detA hai| jaba ki jJAna kisI padArtha se nahIM utpanna hokara bhI padArthoM ko jAnatA hai, to eka hI jJAna saba padArthoM ko kyoM na jAna le, isakA niSedha karane vAlA kauna hai ? hamAre ( bauddhoM ke ) yahAM to jo jJAna jisa padArtha se utpanna hogA. vaha jJAna usI padArtha ko jAnegA, anya padArthoM ko nahIM ; isa niyama se kAma cala jAtA hai / isake uttara meM prAcArya kahate haiM: - svAvaraNakSayopazamalakSaNayogyatayA hi prati.. niyatamartha vyavasthApayati, ( pratyakSamiti zeSaH ) // 9 // bhASAtha--apane AvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama rUpI yogyatA se. pratyakSa pramANa, yaha ghaTa hai, yaha paTa hai, isa prakAra padArthoM kI judI 2 vyavasthA kara detA hai arthAt krama 2 se jaisI 2 yogyatA hotI jAtI hai vaise hI padArthoM ko judA 2 karaka viSaya karatA hai / bhAvArtha-jJAna para bahuta sa AvaraNa karma caDhe hue haiM. phira ghaTake jJAna ko rokane vAlA, athavA paTa ke jJAna ko rokane vAlA, jauna sA prAvaraNa karma haTa jAyagA, usI padArtha kA jJAna viSaya kara legA dUsare padArthoM ko nahIM / isase siddha huA ki svAvaraNa kSayopazama se jJAna padArthoM ko judI 2 krama se vyavasthA karadetA hai / phira padArthoM se jJAna utpanna hotA hai yaha mAnane kI koI bhI jarUrata nahIM / dUsarI bAta yaha hai, ki naSTa padArthoM kI vyavasthAkaise hogI ?

Page #26
bhaassaa-vrss| aura yaha bhI hai ki:kAraNasyacaparicchedyatve krnnaadinaavyaabhicaarH||10|| bhASArtha-jo padArtha jJAna kA kAraNa hotA hai vaha hI jJAna kA viSaya hotA hai / yadi aisA mAnA jAyegA, to indriyoM ke sAtha vyabhicAra nAma kA doSa ho jAyagA ; kyoMki indriyA~ bAna kI kAraNa to haiM parantu viSaya nahIM haiN| bhAvArtha-bauddhoM kA kahanA hai ki jo 2 jJAna kA kAraNa hotA hai vaha 2 hI jJAna kA viSaya hotA hai / isa anumAna meM "kAraNa honA" hetu hai aura "viSaya honA" sAdhya hai / aba dekhie, ki indriyoM meM hetu to raha gayA; kyoMki ye jJAna meM kAraNa haiM; parantu, sAdhya "viSaya honA,, nahIM rahA; kyoMki aisA koI puruSa nahIM hai jo apanI indriyoM se apanI hI indriyoM ko jAna leve / basa, hetu rahakara sAdhya ke na rahane ko hI vyabhicAra doSa kahate haiM, isa lie hI Upara kahA hai ki indriyoM ke sAtha vyabhicAra nAma kA doSa shraavegaa| ... -pAramArthika (mukhya ) pratyakSa kA svarUpa / sAmagrIvizeSavizleSitAkhilAvaraNamatIndriyamazeSatomukhyam // 11 // bhASArtha--dravya, kSetra, kAla, tathA bhAva rUpa sAmagrI kI paripUrNatA se dUra kara diye haiM sarva zrAvaraNa jisane aise tathA indriyoM kI sahAyatA rahita aura pUrNatayA vizada, jJAna ko mukhya pratyakSa kahate haiN|

Page #27
parIcAmukha mare - kyoMki:sAvaraNatve karaNajanyatve ca pratibandhasaMbhavAt // 12 // , bhASArtha-prAvaraNa sahita aura indriyoM kI sahAyatA se utpanna honevAle, jJAnakA pratibandha sambhava hai / bhAvArtha-jisa jJAna para AvaraNa caDhA hotA hai tathA jo jJAna indriyoM kI sahAyatA se hotA hai, usa jJAna ke mUrta padArtha rokane vAle ho jAte haiM, jaise jaba hama loga apane indriya janya jJAna se kisI padArtha ko jAnanA cAhate haiM, to vahIM taka jAna sakate haiM jahAM taka ki, jAnane kI hamArI indriyoM meM tAqata hai athavA vahIM taka jAna sakate haiM jahAM taka ki koI dIvAla vagairaha rokane vAlA nahIM hotA hai / kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki 'jisakA koI bhI rokane vAlA nahIM hai vahI jJAna mukhya pratyakSa hai| dvitIya pariccheda kA sArAMza / pramANa ke do bheda haiM eka pratyakSa, dUsarA parokSa / jina meM spaSTa jJAna ko pratyakSa kahate haiM / parokSa kA varNana tIsare pariccheda meM kiyA jAyagA / usa pratyakSa ke do bheda haiM eka sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa, dUsarA mukhya pratyakSa / jina meM indriyoM kI aura mana kI sahAyatA se hone vAle, thor3e nirmala jJAnako sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa kahate haiM; parantu dhyAna dene kI bAta hai, ki jisa taraha indriyA~ pAra mana jJAna ke kAraNa haiM arthAt jAnake utpanna hone meM nimitta kAraNa haiM, usa taraha Aloka tathA padArtha kAraNa nahIM hai; kyoMki kArya kAraNa bhAva unhIM padArthoM meM hotA hai, jina meM ki anvaya vyatireka ghaTate hoM / jaise kumbhakAra to kAraNa hai aura ghaTa kArya hai, ina

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bhASA varSa / 16 donoM meM kArya kAraNa bhAva isI lie hai ki ina donoM meM anvayavyatireka ghaTa jAte haiM / arthAt kumbhakAra kI upasthiti meM ghaTa banatA hai aura usakI anupasthiti meM nahIM banatA hai / yahI anvaya vyatireka kA lakSaNa hai ki kAraNa ke hone para to kArya kA honA, aura kAraNa ke abhAva meM kArya kA na honA / parantu isa prakAra jJAna ke anvayavyatireka artha aura praloka ke sAtha nahIM ghaTate haiM; kyoMkei artha ke abhAva meM bhI keza meM uNDuka (macchara ) kA jJAna ho jAtA hai aura keza rUpa artha hone para bhI usakA jJAna nahIM hotA hai / isI prakAra Aloka ke prabhAva meM bhI ullU ko rAtri meM jJAna hojAtA hai, aura zrAloka ( prakAza ) ke hone para bhI dina meM jJAna nahIM hotA hai / basa, anvayavyatireka nahIM ghaTane se atha aura Aloka, jJAna ke kAragA nahIM haiM / yadi koI kahe ki phira jJAna padArthoM ko viSaya kaise kareMgA; yaha unakA kahanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki hama dekhate haiM ki dIpaka ghaTa se utpanna nahIM hotA hai phira bhI ghaTa ko prakAzita karatA hai, isI prakAra jJAna bhI padArthoM se nahIM utpanna hokara padArthoM ko jAnatA hai / 7 yadi phira bhI koI kahe ki bhinna 2 viSaya kI vyavasthA kaise hogI ? arthAt bhinna 2 jJAna, bhinna 2 padArthoM ko kaise jAneMge ? unake liye yaha uttara hai, ki jitanI, karma ke kSayopazama se jJAna meM yogyatA hogI, athavA jaisI yogyatA hogA; vaise hI vaha padArthoM ko bhinna 2 ( krama se) viSaya kara legA / phira koI bhI gar3a bar3a na hogI / evaM mukhya pratyakSa usako kahate haiM, jo indriyoM kI sahAyatA rahita tathA zrAvaraNa rahita, pUrNatayA nirmala jJAna hotA hai / kyoMki AvaraNa sahita aura indriya manya jJAna, mUrta padArthoM se roka diyA jAtA hai; isa lie vahI mukhya

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20 parIkSAmukha pratyakSa ho sakatA hai; jisakA koI pratibandhaka na ho| isa prakAra - pratyakSapramANa kA varNana kiyA / iti dvitIyaH paricchedaH / ava parokSa pramANa kA nirNaya karate haiM: parokSamitarat // 1 // bhASArtha -- "vizadaM pratyakSam " isa sUtra kara kahe hue pratyakSa pramANa ke sitrAya sarva pramANa (smRti zrAdi ) parokSa haiM / parokSa pramANa ke kAraNa aura bheda / pratyakSAdinimittaM smRtipratyabhijJAMnatarkAnumAnAgamabhedam // 2 // zrAgama 1 bhASArtha - parokSa pramANa ke pratyakSa, smRti zrAdika kAraNa haiM aura smRti, pratyabhijJAna tarka, anumAna tathA bheda haiM / tAtparya yaha hai ki parokSa pramANa ke pAMca bheda haiM / ; aura ve paraspara meM kAraNa haiM tathA pratyakSa bhI unakA kAraNa hai | bhAvArtha - smaraNa, pahale anubhava kie hue padArtha kA hI hotA hai jaba ki vaha anubhava (pratyakSa ) dhAraNA rUpa ho / isa lie smaraNa kA pratyakSa nimitta hai / isI prakAra pratyabhijJAna meM smaraNa aura pratyakSa kI z2arUrata par3atI hai kyoMki jisa padArtha ko pahale dekhA thA, usI ko phira dekha kara "yaha vahI hai jisako maiMne pahale dekhA thA " aisA jo jJAna hotA hai usIko pratyabhijJAna kahate haiM, isameM smaraNa kI aura punardarzana arthAt dUsarI dafe vAle pratyakSa kI zrAvazyakatA hotA hai| isI prakAra tarka pramANa meM tInoM kI arthAt

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bhaassaa-mrth| pratyakSa, smaraNa tathA pratyabhijJAna kI AvazyakatA hotI hai vaha aise hotI hai, eka paNDitajI apane ziSya ko sAtha lekara bhUmaNArtha gae, vahAM eka pahAr3a meM dhUma dIkha par3A / taba paNDitajI ziSya se kahate haiM; ki dekho bhAI tumheM yAda hai jo tuma apane rasoI ghara meM roz2a dekhate ho, ki jaba dhUma hotA hai taba avazyahI agni hotI hai, yaha sunakara vaha apane rasoI ghara vAle dhUma aura agni kA smaraNa karatA hai| aura phira kahatA hai kyoM paNDita jI ! yaha dhUma usI ke sadRza hai na ? taba paNDita jI kahate haiM ki hA~ / aba dekhie, vahAM para usa ziSya ko pahale dhUma kA pratyakSa huA, pIche smaraNa huA, aura phira sAdRzya pratyAbhijJAna huaA, isake bAda vaha nizcaya karaka kahatA hai ki jaba aisA hai, to jahAM 2 dhUma hogA vahAM 2 avazya hI banhi hogI; kyoMki banhi ke vinA dhUma ho hI nahIM sakatA hai / basa, isI ko vyAptijJAna tathA tarkapramANa kahate haiM, aura isameM uparyukta tIna jJAnoM kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| isa tarka pramANa ke bAda vaha ziSya anumAna karatA hai ki isa parvata meM agni hai; kyoMki yahAM para dhUma hai / basa, isa meM tarka sahita cAra pramANa nimitta hote haiN| zrAgama pramANa meM, saMketa grahaNa arthAt yaha zabda isa padArtha ko kahatA hai isa prakAra ke saMketa kA grahaNa, aura usakA smaraNa, yaha donoM hI kAraNa hote haiN| kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki isa prakAra ina pAMcoM hI pramANoM meM dUsare pramANoM kI zrAvazyakatA hotI hai, isI lie hI inako parokSa pramANa kahate haiM / smRti pramANa kA lakSaNa va kAraNa / . saMskAroddhodhanibandhanA tadityAkArA smRtiH // 3 //

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parIcAmukha bhASArtha--saMskAra ( dhAraNArUpa anubhava ) kI prakaTatA se hone vAle, tathA 'tat' ( vaha ) isa prAkAra vAle, jJAna ko smRti kahate haiM / usI ko dRSTAnta se dRr3ha karate haiM:sa devadatto yathA // 4 // bhASArtha--jaise ki vaha devadatta / bhAvArtha--devadatta ko pahale dekhA aura dhAraNA bhI karalI, usake bAda phira kabhI usa dhAraNA ke prakaTa hone para jJAna hotA hai ki vaha devadatta / basa, isI ko smaraNa kahate haiM / pratyabhijJAna kA svarUpa va kAraNa / darzanasmaraNakAraNakaM saMkalanaM pratyabhijJAnam / tadevedaM tatsadRzaM tahilakSaNaM ttptiyogiityaadi||5|| bhASArtha--jo pratyakSa aura smaraNajJAna se utpanna hotA hai aura jo ekatva, sAdRzya tathA vailakSaNya Adi vivakSita dharmoM se yukta vastu ko grahaNa karatA hai, usa jJAna ko pratyabhijJAna kahate haiM, aura jaba jisa dharma ko grahaNa karatA hai taba usakA nAma bhI vaisA hI par3a jAtA hai, jaise, yaha vahI hai ( ekatvapratyabhijJAna ) yaha usake sadRza hai ( sAdRzya pratyabhijJAna ) yaha usesa vilakSaNa hai ( vailakSaNya pratyabhijJAna ) yaha usakA pratiyogI hai ( prAtiyogika pratyabhijJAna) bhAvArtha--yaha pratyabhijJAna pratyakSa aura smaraNajJAna kI sahAyatA se utpanna hotA hai, aura phira jisa vastu ko pahale

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bhaassaa-bry| praharU kiyA thA, usI vastu ko ekatva, sAdRzya tathA vailakSaNa aAdi dharmoM meM se kisI vivakSita eka dharma se viziSTa grahaNa karatA hai| isI kAraNa jaba jisa dharma se viziSTa vastu ko grahaNa karatA hai taba usakA nAma bhI vaisA hI ho jAtA hai / jaise ki Upara likhe haiN| aba unhIM pratyabhijJAnoM ke dRSTAnta dikhAte haiM :yathA sa evAyaM devadattaH // 6 // go sahazo gavayaH // 7 // go vilacaNo mahiSaH // 8 // idamasmAdaram // 6 // vRkSo'yamityAdi // 10 // bhASArtha--jaise ki yaha vahI devadatta hai, yaha roma usa gau ke samAna hai, yaha bhaisA usa gau se vilakSaNa ( bhinna) hI hai, yaha pradeza usa pradeza se dUra hai, jo hamane pUrva sunA thA vaha yahI vRkSa hai, ityAdi aura bhI pratyabhijJAna apanI buddhi se nAna lenA caahie| . bhAvArtha-Upara ke dRSTAnta, kama se ekatva, sAdRzya, vailakSaNya tathA prAtiyogika pratyabhijJAna ke jAnanA cAhie / tarkapramANa ke kAraNa va svarUpa / upalambhAnupalambhanimitaM vyAptijJAnamUhaH // 10 // bhASArtha-jJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama ke anusAra, sAdhya aura sAdhana ke, ekavAra athavA vAra 2 kie hue. dRr3ha nizcaya aura anizcaya se hone vAle, vyApti (mahAM 2 dhUma hotA hai vahAM 2

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parIkSAmukha agni hotI hai aura jahAM bAhna nahIM hotI, vahA dhUma bhI nahIM hotA hai) ke jJAna ko tarka kahate hai-Uha kahate haiN| .. bhAvArtha-sAdhya aura sAdhana ke ekavAra athavA vAra 2 kie hue dRr3ha nizcaya aura pAnazcaya se hone vAle, vyApti-jJAna ko Uha kahate haiM; parantu vaha vAra 2 kA dRr3ha nizcaya tathA anizcaya kSayopazama ke anukUla hogA, isameM sandeha nahIM hai| vaha vyAptijJAna isa taraha se pravRtta hotA hai :idamasmin satyeva bhavatyasati tu na bhavatyeva // 12 // yathA'gnAveva dhUmastabhAve na bhavatyeveti ca // 13 // bhASArtha-yaha sAdhana rUpa vastu, isa sAdhyarUpa vastu ke hone para hI hotI hai aura sAdhyarUpa vastu ke nahIM hone para nahIM hotI hai| jisa prakAra ki agni ke hone para hI dhUma hotA hai aura agni ke abhAva meM nahIM hotA hai| anumAna kA kAraNa va svarUpa / . sAdhanAtsAdhyavijJAnamanumAnam // 14 // bhASArtha-nizcita sAdhana se hone vAle, sAdhya ke jJAna ko anumAna kahate haiN| bhAvArtha-jisa hetu kA sAdhya ke sAtha avinAbhAva nizcita hai, usa hetu se hone vAle sAdhya ke jJAna kI anumAna saMjJA hai / hetu (sAdhana ) kA lakSaNa / sAdhyAvinAbhAvitvena nizcato hetuH // 15 //

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- bhASArtha-jisa kA sAdhya ke sAtha akniAbhAva nizcita ho arthAt jo sAdhya ke vinA nahIM ho sakatA ho, usako hetu kahate haiN| . .... avinAbhAva kA lakSaNa / sahakramabhAvaniyamo'vinAbhAvaH // 16 // bhASArtha--sahabhAva niyama tathA kramabhAva niyama ko avinAbhAva sambandha kahata haiN| . bhAvArtha--jo padArtha eka sAtha rahate haiM unameM sahabhAva niyama nAma kA sambandha hotA hai, aura jo krama se hote haiM una meM kramabhAva niyama nAma kA sambandha hotA hai / ye donoM sambandha nIce ke do sUtroM se spaSTa ho jaaveNge| sahabhAva niyama kA pradarzana / sahacAriNo yApyavyApakayozca sahabhAvaH // 17 // bhASArtha-sAtha rahane vAloM meM, tathA vyApya aura vyApaka padArthoM meM, sahabhAva niyama nAma kA avinAbhAva sambandha hotA hai| .. - bhAvArtha-rUpa aura rasa eka sAtha rahane vAle haiM, aura vRkSa vyApaka va ziMzaSA ( sIsama ) usakA vyApya hai, isa kAraNa inhoM meM sahabhAva niyama nAmakA avinAbhAva mAnA jAtA hai| - kramamAva niyama kA khulAsA / pUrvottaracAriNoH kAryakAraNayozca krmbhaavH||18|| - bhASArtha-pUrvacara-uttaracaroM meM tathA kArya-kAraNoM meM kramabhAva niyama hotA hai| . ... ... ..

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__parIcAlukha bhAvArtha-kRtikA kA udaya antarmuhUrta pahale hotA hai aura rohaNI kA udaya pIche hotA hai; isa lie ina donoM meM kramabhAva mAnA jAtA hai, isI prakAra agni aura dhUma meM bhI kramabhAva mAnA jAtA hai; kyoMka agni ke bAda meM dhUma hotA hai| isako anantarabhAva niyama bhI kahate haiM / isa vyApti (avinAbhAva ) kA jJAna-nirNaya, tarkapramANa se hotA hai / sohI prAcArya kahate haiM:tarkAsanirNayaH // 19 // bhASArtha--tarkapramANa -UhapramANa, se vyApti arthAt avinAbhAva kA nirNaya hotA hai| bhAvArtha-jahAM 2 sAdhana hotA hai vahAM 2 sAdhya rahatA hai aura jahAM sAdhya nahIM hotA, vahAM sAdhana bhI nahIM rahatA hai / isa prakAra ke avinAbhAva kA nizcaya arthAt saccA jJAna, tarkapramANa arthAt Uha pramANa se hotA hai. anya kisI pramANa se nahIM / vizeSa bAta yaha hai ki jainiyoM ke sivAya aura kisI bhI matAvalambI ne tarkapramANa ko nahIM mAnA hai, isa lie saba kI mAnI huI pramANa saMkhyA jhaMThI ThaharatI hai arthAt pratyakSa, anumAna, pAgama, upamAna, aApatti, tathA abhAva kisI pramANa se bhI vyApti kA nirNaya nahIM ho sakatA hai, isa lie saba ko hI tarkapramANa mAnanA par3atA hai, taba pramANa saMkhyA joki svayaM mAnI thI kahA~ rahegI / pratyakSAdi pramANa vyApti kA nirNaya nahIM kara sakate haiN| isa bAta ko bar3e 2 nyAya ke granthoM se jAnanA cAhie /

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sAdhya kA svruup| iTamavAdhitamaliI sAdhyam // 20 // bhASArtha-jo vAdI ko iSTa arthAt abhipreta ho tathA pratyakSa prAdika pramANoM se bAdhita na ho, aura siddha na ho, usako sAdhya kahate haiN| bhAvArtha-jisako vAdI siddha karanA cAhatA hai tathA jisameM pratyakSa vagairaha pramANoM se bAdhA na pAtI ho, aura no siddha na ho, kyoMki siddha ko sAdhane se koI phala nahIM hotA hai, usako sAdhya kahate haiN| ava Upara ke kahe hue 'asiddha ' vizeSaNa kA phala dikhAte haiM:saMdigdhaviparyastAvyutpannAnAM sAdhyatvaM yamA syAdityasiddhapadam // 21 // bhASArtha-sAdhya ko prasiddha vizeSaNA isa lie diyA hai, ki jisameM saMdigdha, viparyasta tathA avyutpanna padArtha bhI sAdhya ho skeN| bhAvArtha-saMdigdha arthAt saMzaya jJAna kA viSaya padArtha, tathA viparyasta arthAt viparIta jJAna kA viSaya padArtha, aura avyutpanna arthAt anadhyavasAya jJAna kA viSaya padArtha, ina sabhoM ko sAdhya banA sakeM; isa lie sAdhya, prasiddha honA cAhie arthAt jo prasiddha hotA hai usako sAdhya kahate haiM-yaha kahA hai,|

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parIkSAmula aba iSTa tathA abAdhita vizeSaNoM kA phala dikhAte haiM: aniSTAdhyakSAdibAdhitayoH sAdhyatvaM mA bhUditISTIbAdhitavacanam // 22 // : bhASArtha-aniSTa tathA pratyakSa Adika pramANoM se bAdhita padArthoM ko sAdhyapane kA niSedha karane ke lie sAdhya ko iSTa tathA abAdhitavizeSaNa die haiN| . bhAvArtha-mImAMsaka ko anitya zabda iSTa nahIM hai| isa lie vaha kabhI bhI zabda meM anityapanA siddha nahIM kara sakatA hai, basa, isI ke niSedha karane ko kahA hai ki sAdhya vahI hogA: jo vAdI ko iSTa hogA, isI prakAra jo pramANa se bAdhita hogA vaha bhI sAdhya nahIM ho sakatA hai / vaha bAdhita, pratyakSa se, anumAna se, Agama se, tathA loka se, aura svavacana se ityAdi bahuta prakAra kA hotA hai isakA nirUpaNa pakSAbhAsa meM Age kiyA hai / 'sAdhya kA iSTa vizeSaNa vAdI kI apekSA se hai : nacAsiddhavadiSTaM prativAdinaH // 23 // bhASArtha--jisa taraha asiddha vizeSaNa prativAdI kI apekSA se hai usa taraha iSTa vizeSaNa nahIM; kintu vaha iSTa vizeSaNa vAdI kI apekSA se hai| usIko puSTa karate haiM :pratyAyanAya hIcchA vaktureva // 24 // bhASArtha-dUsare ko samajhAne kI icchA vAdI (vaktA ) ko

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bhaassaa-bry| ~ . . .. / hI hotA hai prativAdI ko nahIM ; kintu prativAdI ko usa ke khaNDana kI icchA hotI hai| bhAvArtha-iSTa vizeSaNa vAdI kI hI apekSA se hai / jo pahale se pakSa ko bolatA hai usako vAdI kahate haiM, aura pIche se pakSa ke nirAkaraNa karane vAle ko prativAdI kahate haiN| vaha sAdhya kahIM dharma hotA hai tathA kahIM dharma se yukta dharmI (pakSa) hotA hai :-- . sAdhyaM dharmaH kvacittadviziSTo vA dharmI // 25 // bhASArtha-kahIM ( vyApti prayoga ke kAla meM ) dharma sAdhya hotA hai tathA kahIM ( anumAna prayoga ke kAla meM ) dharma se yukta dharmI sAdhya hotA hai| - bhAvArtha-jahAM 2 dhUma hotA hai vahAM 2 bahni hotI hai tathA jahAM bAhna nahIM hotI, vahAM 2 dhUma bhI nahIM hotA hai isa prakAra kI vyApti ke samaya meM agni rUpa dharma hI sAdhya hotA hai, anya nhiiN| aura isa parvata meM agni hai kyoMki isameM dhUma hai isa prakAra ke anumAna ke samaya agni se viziSTa parvata hI sAdhya hotA hai| ... usI dharmI kA dUsarA nAma :pakSa iti yAvat // 26 // bhASArtha-usI dharmI ko pakSa bhI kahate haiM / vaha pakSa prasiddha hotA hai :prasiddho dharmI // 27 //

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parIcAmukha bhASArtha--dharmI ( pakSa ) prasiddha hotA hai| bhAvArtha-vaha prasiddhatA kahIM pramANa se, tathA kahIM vikalpa se aura kahIM pramANIvakalpa se hotI hai| vikalpasiddha dharmI meM sAdhya kA niyama :vikalpasiddhe tasmin sattetare sAdhye // 28 // bhASArtha--vikalpa siddha dharmI meM sattA ( astitva = maujUdagI) tathA asattA (gairamaujUdagI ) do hI sAdhya hote haiM / yaha niyama hai| bhAvArtha--jisa pakSa kA na to kisI pramANa se astitva siddha ho, aura na nAstitva siddha ho, usa pakSa ko vikalpasiddha kahate haiM / vahI nyAyadIpikA meM likhA hai ki-" anizcita prAmANyAprAyANyapratyayagocaratvaM vikalpasiddhatvam " / una donoM sAdhyoM ke dRSTAnta evaM haiM:asti sarvajJo nAsti kharaviSANam // 26 // bhASArtha--sarvajJa hai tathA kharaviSANa (gadhe kA sIMga) nahIM hai| bhAvArtha-sarvajJa hai, yahAM para sarvajJa pakSa vikalpasiddha hai; kyoMki abhI taka sarvajJa kA prabhAva aura sadbhAva donoM hI siddha nahIM haiM / 'sarvajJa hai' isa meM, "kyoMki usakA koI bAdhaka pramANa nahIM hai" yaha 'hetu' samajhanA caahie| kharIvaSANa nahIM hai yahAM para "prApta hone yogya hokara bhI vaha pAyA nahIM jAtA,, yaha 'hetu' jAnanA cAhie, aura yaha bhA pakSa vikApasiddha jhA hai|

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bhaavaacaary| - aba pramANasiddha aura pramANavikalpasida dharmI ___ meM sAdhya batalAte haiM:pramANobhayasiddhe tu sAdhyadharmaviziSThatA // 30 // bhASArtha--pramANa (pratyakSa anumAna Adi) se aura pramAlavikala se prasiddha dharmI meM, sAdhya dharma se viziSTatA arthAt saMyuktatA sAdhya hotI hai| - bhAvArtha---ina do dharmioM meM koI sAdhya kA niyama nahIM hai; jaisA ki vikalpasiddha dharmI meM asattA aura sattA kA hai| usI ko dRSTAnta se puSTa karate haiM :agnimAnayaM dezaH pariNAmI zabda iti yathA // 3 // bhASArtha----jaisai 'yaha pradeza agnivAlA hai' yahAM parvata zrAdi pradeza, pratyakSa prAdise siddha rahate haiN| aura "zabda pariNamanazIla hote haiM" yahAM zabda ( pakSa ) vartamAna kAla vAlA to pratyakSa pramANa se siddha hai; parantu bhUta aura bhaviSyat zabda vikalpa siddha haiM; isa lie zabda rUpa pakSa pramANavikalpasiddha dharmI hai| vyApti kAlameM sAdhya kA niyamaHvyAptau tu sAdhyaM dharma eva // 32 // bhASArtha--vyApti ke kAla meM dharma hI sAdhya hotA hai, dharma viziSTa dharmI nhiiN| isI niSedha ko puSTa karate hai:-- anyathA tadaghaTanAt // 33 //

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parIkSAmukha-- bhASArtha--dharma viziSTa dharmI (pakSa ) ko sAdhya karane se vyApti hI nahIM banatI hai| bhAvArtha-jahAM 2 dhUma hotA hai vahAM 2 parvata hI agni vAlA ho, so to ThIka nahIM, kintu kahIM parvata rahegA, kahIM rasoI ghara rahegA; isa lie vyApti kAla meM dharma viziSTa dharmI ( pakSa ) sAdhya nahIM ho sakatA hai| bauddha mAnate haiM ki pakSa bolane kI z2arUrata nahIM hai| kyoM ki sAdhya, vinA Azraya ke nahIM raha sakatA; isa lie sAdhya ke bolane se hI pana svataH siddha ho jAyagA / AcArya stara dete haiM:sAdhyadharmAdhArasandahApanodAya gamyamAnasyApi pakSasya vacanam // 34 // bhASArtha-sAdhya dharma (agni ) ke aAdhAra meM sandeha (parvata hai yA rasoIvara ) ko dUra karane ke lie svataH siddha, pakSa kA bhI prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| bhAvArtha-yadyapi sAdhya ke bolane mAtra se hI pakSa upasthita hojAtA hai, tathApi usameM ( pakSa meM ) sandeha na ho, isa lie svataH siddha pakSa kA bhI prayoga karate haiN| usI ko dRSTAnta se dRr3ha karate haiM:sAdhyamiNi sAdhanadharmAvabodhanAya pakSadharmopa saMhAravat // 35 //

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bhASA artha / 33 bhASArtha -- jaise ki sAdhya se yukta dharmI ( pakSa ) meM sAdhana ko samajhAne ke lie upanaya ( pakSa meM hetu kA dUsare pradarzana ) kiyA jAtA hai | bhAvArtha - - isa deza meM agni hai kyoMki dhUma hai jahAM 2 dhUma hotA hai vahAM 2 avazya agni hotI hai jaise rasoIghara / isa prakAra sAdhya ( zragni ) ke sAtha vyAptiM ko rakhanevAle, sAdhana ( dhUma ) ko dikhAne se hI, unakA ( sAdhya sAdhana kA ) zrAdhAra mAlUma ho jAtA hai kyoMki ve vinA AdhAra ke raha hI nahIM sakate haiM / phira Age jAkara " jaisA rasoI ghara dhUmavAlA hai usI taraha yaha parvata bhI dhUmavAlA hai " yaha upanaya arthAt qhAsa pakSa meM dubArA dhUma kA pradarzana kyoM kiyA jAtA hai; isI lie na ? ki nizcita pakSa meM sAdhana mAlUma hojAya / basa, isI taraha nizcita pakSa meM sAdhya mAlUma hojAya / isI lie svataH siddha hone para bhI pakSakA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai / athavA dUsarA uttara yaha hai, ki hetu kA prayoga hI nahIM karanA cAhie kyoMki jaba samarthana kiyA jAyagA arthAt yaha kahA jAyagA ki hamArA hetu prasiddha nahIM haiM, viruddha nahIM hai tathA anaikAntika bhI nahIM hai, taba hetu kA prayoga svataH hI siddha ho jAyagA / yadi kaho ki hetu ke prayoga vinA samarthana hI kisakA hogA / to hama pUchate haiM ki pakSa - prayoga ke vinA sAdhya kahAM mAlUma hogA / - isI ko AcArya upahAsa karate hue kahate haiM:ko vA tridhAhetumuktvA samarthayamAno na pakSayati // 36 // bhASArtha - kauna aisA manuSya hai jo tIna prakAra ke hetu ko 3

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parIcAmukha kaha karake hI samarthana to kare; parantu pakSa kA prayoga na kare arthAt saba hI loga pakSa kA prayoga kareMge / bhAvArtha--jisaprakAra vinA kahe hetukA samarthana nahIM ho sakatA hai usItaraha pakSake prayoga vinA sAdhyake AdhArakA bhI to nizcaya nahIM ho sakatA hai| isalie pakSa-prayoga karanA ThIka hI hai| yahA~ hetuke tInaprakAra svabhAvahetu, kAryahetu aura anupalabdhihetu lenA, athavA pakSasatva sapakSasatva aura vipakSa vyAvRtti lenaa| ____ yahA~ sAMkhya kahatA hai ki anumAna ke do (pana aura hetu ) hI avayava nahIM; kintu tIna avayava (aMga) haiM, jaise pakSa, hetu aura udAharaNa / kyoMki jisa taraha pakSa aura hetu sAdhya kI siddhi meM kAraNa haiM usI taraha udAharaNa bhI hai, phira udAharaNa anumAna kA avayava kyoM nahIM ? dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki udAharaNa ke vinA vAdI aura prativAdI kI samAna buddhi kahA~ hogii| parantu jainI kahate haiM ki anumAna-prayoga ke do arthAt pakSa aura hetu hI avayava haiM anya nahIM / sohI kahate haiM : etavyamevAnumAnAGgaM nodAharaNam // 37 // bhASArtha--pakSa aura hetu-ye donoM hI anumAna ke hone meM kAraNa haiM arthAt anumAna ke aMga haiM / udAharaNa nahIM / bhAvArtha--yahA~ udAharaNa kA niSedha kiyA hai / kisI kA kahanA hai ki udAharaNa ke vinA sAdhya

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bhaassaa-bry| kA jJAna hI nahIM ho sakatA hai, isalie udAharaNa kA prayoga karanA cAhie / uttara isa prakAra hai :__ nahi tatsAdhyapratipattyaGgaM tatra yathoktahatoreva vyApArAt // 38 // bhASArtha---udAharaNa sAdhya ke jJAna kA kAraNa nahIM hai| kyoMki sAdhya ke jJAna meM nizcita hetu hI kAraNa hotA hai / bhAvArtha--jisa hetu kA sAdhya ke sAtha avinAbhAva nirNIta hai, vaha hetu avazya hI apane sAdhya ko janAvegA; phira udAharaNa ke prayoga kI koI bhI AvazyakatA nhiiN| isake bAda bhI kisI kA kahanA hai ki udAharaNa ke prayoga vinA, sAdhya ke sAtha hetu kA avinAbhAva hI nizcita nahIM ho sakatA hai| phira Upara ke mUtra se niSedha kaise hogA arthAt nahIM hogA; isalie udAharaNa kA prayoga karanA cAhie / jisa se ki sAdhya ke sAtha hetu kA avinAbhAva nirNIta hove / uttara isa prakAra hai : tadavinAbhAvanizcayArtha vA vipakSebAdhakAdeva tatsiddheH // 36 // bhASArtha-sAdhya ke sAtha, hetu (sAdhana) ke avinAbhAva ke nirNaya meM bhI, udAharaNa kAraNa nahIM hai, kyoMki vipakSa meM bAdhaka pramANa milane se hI sAdhya ke sAtha hetu kA avinAbhAva siddha ho jAtA hai arthAt yaha bAta siddha ho jAtI hai ki yaha sAdhana amuka sAdhya ke binA ho hI nahIM sakatA hai| ..... bhAvArtha--sAdhya se vijAtIya dharma vAle dharmI ko vipakSa kahate.

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36 parIcAmukha haiN| jaise parvata meM agni siddha karane ke samaya rasoIghara to sapakSa hotA hai; kyoMki sAdhya se sajAtIya dharma vAle dharmoM ko sapakSa kahate haiM, aura tAlAba vipakSa hotA hai; kyoMki usameM sAdhya (agni) se vijAtIya dharma (jala ) hai / aba dekhie ki dhUma hetu kA ni sAdhya ke sAtha ya avinAbhAva siddha hotA hai ki tAlAba meM agni ke prabhAva meM dhUma nahIM pAyA jAlA hai, yadi pAyA jAya, to dhUma aura ni ke kAryakAraNabhAva kA bhaMgarUpa bAdhakapramANa upasthita hogA / basa, aise hI vipakSa meM bAdhaka pramANa ( tarkapramANa ) milate haiM, jinhoM se sAya ke sAtha sAdhana kA avinAbhAva nirNIta hojAtA hai phira udAharaNa kI AvazyakatA hI kyA ? kucha bhI nahIM / dUsarI bAta yaha hai : - vyaktirUpaM ca nidarzanaM sAmAnyena tu vyApti statrApi tadvipratipattAvanavasthAnaM syAddRSTAntAntarApekSaNAt // 40 // bhASArtha - - kisI khAsa vyaktirUpa ( mahAnasa yA parvatarUpa ) to udAharaNa hotA hai / aura sAmAnya rUpa arthAt sampUrNa deza meM saMpUrNa kAla meM tathA saMpUrNa AkAroM meM rahane vAle sAdhya aura sAdhana ko grahaNa karane vAlI vyApti hotI hai / phira batalAie, ki eka vyaktirUpa dRSTAnta, sAmAnya rUpa vyApti (avinAbhAva ) ko kaise paMhaNa karasakatA hai (nahIM kara sakatA hai) aura yadi usa udAharaNa rahane vAle sAdhya sAdhana ke viSaya meM vivAda khar3A hojAya ; to dUsare dRSTAnta kI arthAt dRSTAnta ke lie bhI dRSTAnta kI AvazyakatA hogI; jisa se ki anavasthA nAma kA doSa zrAvegA /

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bhASA artha | 37 bhAvArtha -- jisaprakAra eka dRSTAntakI sacAI ke lie dUsare dRSTAntakI zrAvazyakatA huI, usIprakAra usakI sacAI ke lie tasirekI aura tIsarekI sacAI ke lie cauthekI AvazyakatA hogA; jisa se gaganatalameM phailanevAlI bar3I bhArI anavasthA calIjAyagI arthAt kahIM para chora nahIM prAvegA / zrapramANika ananta padArthoMkI kalpanA meM vizrAnti nahIM hone ko hI anavasthA doSa kahate haiM / isake bAda bhI kisI kA kahanA hai ki vyApti kA nizcaya udAharaNa se nahIM hotA hai to jAne dIjie; parantu vyApti kA smaraNa to hotA hai basa pUrva meM grahaNa kI huI vyApti ke smaraNa karAne ke lie hI udAharaNa kA prayoga karie / uttara yaha hai : ; nApi vyAptismaraNArtha tathAvidhahetu prayogA deva tatsmRteH // 41 // bhASArtha -- vyApti ke smaraNa karAne ke lie bhI udAharaNa kA prayoga karanA kAryakArI nahIM hai; kyoMki sAdhya ke vinA nahIM hone vAle, hetu ke prayoga se hI vyApti kA smaraNa ho jAtA hai / bhAvArtha-jaba aise hetu kA prayoga kiyA jAyegA, jo ki sAdhya ke vinA ho hI nahIM sakatA hai to avazya hI usI se cyApti smRta ho jAyagI, udAharaNa kI koI bhI AvazyakatA nahIM / vizeSa bAta yaha hai ki pUrva anubhUta padArtha kA hI smaraNa hotA hai so yadi vyApti pUrva anubhUta rahegI, to hetu prayoga se hI

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parIkSAmukha usakA smaraNa ho jAyagA, aura jisane pahale kabhI vyApti kA anubhava kiyA hI nahIM, usake lie sau bAra bhI dRSTAnta kahA jAya ; parantu kabhI vyApti kA smAraka nahIM hogA / 36 Upara ke kathana se yaha to siddha ho gayA, ki udAharaNa sAdhya kI siddhi meM upayogI nahIM; parantu itanA z2arUra hai ki yadi kevala dRSTAnta kA prayoga kiyA jAyagA ; to ulTA sAdhya kI siddhi meM sandeha karA degA / sohI AcArya kahate haiM: --- tatparamabhidhIyamAnaM sAdhyadharmiNi sAdhyadharmiNi sAdhya sAdhane sandehayati // 42 // bhASArtha - yadi kevala ( upanaya aura nigamana ke vinA ) udAharaNa kA prayoga kiyA jAyagA; to sAdhya dharma vAle dharmI ( pakSa ) meM sAdhya ke siddha karane meM sandeha karA degA / bhAvArtha -- udAharaNa ( rasoIghara) ke bolane se parvata ( pakSa ) meM kyA AyA ; jisase ki yaha nizcaya ho jAya; ki yahAM agni hai / kintu sandeha avazya hogA, ki jaisI rasoIghara meM agni thI vaisI agni yahAM kahAM se AI / isI sandeha ko puSTa karate haiM:kuto'nyathopanayanigamane // 43 // bhASArtha -- yadi udAharaNa ke prayoga se sandeha nahIM hotA hai; to upanaya aura nigamana kA prayoga kyoM kiyA jAtA hai /

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bhASA-artha / bhAvArtha--upanaya aura nigamanakA prayoga saMzayake dUra karane ko hI kiyA jAtA hai; isase siddha huA, ki udAharaNa se. sandeha hotA hai| upanaya aura nigamanakA svarUpa Age kahA jaaygaa| . ___ yahAM naiyAyika kahatA hai ki upanaya aura nigamana bhI anumAna ke aGga ( kAraNa ) haiM, isa kAraNa jaba taka una kA prayoga nahIM kiyA jAyagA; taba taka yathArtha sAdhya kI siddhi nahIM hogI, isalie unakA bhI prayoga karanA caahie| uttara isa prakAra hai : na ca te tadaGge sAdhyamiNi hetusAdhyayorvacanAdevAsaMzayAt // 44 // bhASArtha-upanaya aura nigamana bhI anumAna ke aGga nahIM haiM; kyoMki hetu aura sAdhya ke bolane se hI sAdhya dharma vAle dharmI ( pakSa ) meM sandeha miTa jAtA hai / bhAvArtha-jaba ki hetu aura sAdhya ke bolane mAtra se hI pakSa meM saMzaya nahIM rahatA hai taba upanaya aura nigamana anumAna ke aMga hokara hI kyA kareMge arthAt unakI nirarthaka kalpanA hogii| dUsarA uttara yaha hai ki thor3I dera ke lie udAharaNa Adika kA prayoga mAna bhI liyA jAya; taba bhI hetu kA samarthana to avazya hI karanA par3egA; kyoMki jisa hetu kA samarthana nahIM huA, vaha hetu hI nahIM ho sakatA hai| sohI kahate haiM:

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1 . parIcAmukha samarthana vA varaM heturUpamanumAnAvayavo vAstu sAdhye tadupayogAt // 45 // bhASArtha--samarthana hI vAstavika hetu kA svarUpa hai aura vahI anumAna kA aMga hai; kyoMki sAdhya kI siddhi meM usI kA upayoga hotA hai| . bhAvArtha- jaba samarthana hI sAdhya kI siddhi karA detA hai; to hetu ko bolakara usI kA samarthana karanA hI kAryakArI huA, anya ( udAharaNa Adika) nahIM / doSoM kA prabhAva dikhAkara hetu ke puSTa karane ko samarthana kahate haiM / hetu ke doSa Age kahe jAveMge / mandabuddhivAle vidyArthiyoM ko samajhAne ke lie udAharaNa, upanaya aura nigamana kA prayoga karanA jainI loga mAnate haiM / so hI kahate haiM : bAlavyutpattyarthaM tattrayopagame zAstra evAsau na vAde'nupayogAt // 46 // bhASArtha-bAlakoM ko samajhAne ke lie udAharaNa, upanaya aura nigamana kI svIkAratA zAstra meM hI hai vAda meM nahIM ; kyoMki vAda karane kA vidvAnoM ko hI adhikAra hotA hai, isalie vahAM ( vAda meM ) udAharaNa zrAdika kA prayoga upayogI nahIM / bhAvArtha-vAda ke adhikArI vidvAn loga, pahale se hI vyutpanna rahate haiM phira unake lie udAharaNa zrAdika kI zrAvazyakatA hI kyA ? kucha nahIM /

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bhaassaa-mrth| N AAMKARMA - dRSTAnta ke bhedaHdRSTAnto vdhA anvayavyatirekabhedAt // 47 // bhASArtha-dRSTAnta ke do bheda haiM / eka anvayadRSTAnta dUsarA vyatirekadRSTAnta / anvayadRSTAnta kA svarUpa / sAdhyavyAptaM sAdhanaM yatra pradaryate so'nva yadRSTAntaH // 48 // bhASArtha-jisa sthAna meM, sAdhya ke sAtha sAdhana kI vyApti (avinAbhAva) dikhAI jAya ; usa sthAna ko anvayadRSTAnta kahate haiN| bhAvArtha-anvayavyApti dikhAkara jo dRSTAnta diyA jAtA hai usako anvayadRSTAnta kahate haiN| jahAM 2 dhUma hotA hai vahAM 2 agni hotI hai isa prakAra sAdhana ke sadbhAva ko dikhAkara sAdhya ke sadbhAva ko dikhAnA anvayavyApti hai / vyatirekadRSTAnta kA svarUpa / sAdhyAbhAve sAdhanAbhAvo yatra kathyate sa vyatirekadRSTAntaH // 49 // bhASArtha-jisa sthAna meM, sAdhya ke abhAva ko dikhAkara sAdhana kA abhAva dikhAyA jAya ; usa sthAna ko vyatireka dRSTAnta kahate haiN| bhAvArtha-vyatirekavyApti dikhAkara jo dRSTAnta diyA jAtA hai usako vyatirekadRSTAnta kahate haiM / nahAM 2 agni nahIM

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pura hotI hai vahAM 2 dhUma prabhAva meM sAdhana kA parIkSAmukha bhI nahIM hotA hai isa prakAra sAdhya ke prabhAva dikhAnA vyatirekavyApti hai / upanaya kA svarUpa | hetorupasaMhAra upanayaH // 50 // bhASArtha - pakSa meM hetu ke upasaMhAra arthAt duharAne ko - upanaya kahate haiM / bhAvArtha -- isa parvata meM agni hai kyoMki dhUma hai / phira koI eka dRSTAnta dekara kahA jAtA hai ki 'usI taraha isameM dhUma hai" athavA " yaha dhUmavAlA hai " / basa ; pahale dhUma hai, kahA thA phira dubArA kahA ki "isameM dhUma hai' ataeva kahA jAtA hai ki pakSa meM sAdhana ke duharAne ko upanaya kahate haiM / nigamana kA svarUpa | pratijJAyAstu nigamanam // 51 // ----- bhASArtha - pratijJA ke duharAne ko arthAt dubArA bolane ko nigamana kahate haiM jaise ki "dhUmavAlA hone se yaha agnivAlA hai" / bhAvArtha - nigamana kA dRSTAnta upanaya ke bhAvArtha se Age samajhanA cAhie | paMcAvayava vAkya Age kaheMge / usase khulAsA ho jAyagA / usa anumAna pramANa ke bheda kahate haiM :-- tadanumAnaM dvedhA // 52 // bhASArtha - usa anumAna ke do bheda haiN| svArthaparArthabhedAt // 52 //

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bhaassaa-arth| bhASArtha-eka svArthAnumAna dUsarA parArthAnumAna / svArthAnumAna kA svruup| svArthamuktalakSaNam // 54 // bhASArtha-"sAdhanAtsAdhyavijJAnamanumAna" isa sUtra se kahA huA hI, svArthAnumAna kA lakSaNa hai| bhAvArtha-dUsare ke upadeza vinA svataH hue, sAdhana se sAdhya ke jJAna ko svArthAnumAna kahate haiM / parArthAnumAna kA svarUpa / parArthaM tu tadarthaparAmArzavacanAjjAtam // 55 // bhASArtha-svArthAnumAna ke viSaya, sAdhya aura sAdhana ko kahane vAle vacanoM se utpanna hue jJAna ko, parArthAnumAna kahate haiN| bhAvArtha-kisI puruSa ko svArthAnumAna huaA ki yahA~ dhUma hai isa lie avazya agni hogI; kyoMki agni ke vinA dhUma ho hI nahIM sakatA / phira vaha apane ziSya ko samajhAne ke lie kahatA hai ki jahAM dhUma hotA hai vahAM avazya agni hotI hai isI prakAra yahAM dhUma hai isalie yahAM bhI bahni honI Avazyaka hai| basa vaha (ziSya ) samajha letA hai| aba usako no jJAna huA hai usI ko parArthAnumAna kahate haiN| kyoMki parArthAnumAna kA lakSaNa ghaTa gayA, guru ko svArthAnumAna huaA thA aura usake * viSaya the sAdhya ( agni) aura sAdhana (dhUma ) / basa; unhIM ko guru ne kahA; phira guru ke vacanoM se ziSya ko sAdhya kA sAdhana ( se zAna huzrA /

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parIkSAmukha yahAM kisI kA kahanA hai ki parArthAnumAna to vacanarUpa hotI hai phira yahA~ kyoM nahIM grahaNa kiyA ? uttara yoM hai ki vacanoM ko gauNatA se anumAna kahA hai kyoMki ve acetana haiM aura acetana se ajJAna kI nirvRtti hotI nahIM; isa lie jaba unase phala nahIM hotA hai taba unhoM ko sAkSAt pramANa nahIM kaha sakate / hAM ! upacAra ( gauNatA) se kaha sakate haiM / vaha isa lie, ki ve parArthAnumAna ke kAraNa haiM aura svArthAnumAna ke kArya bhI haiM / sohI kahate haiM: 4 tadvacanamapi taddhetutvAt // 56 // bhASArtha -- parArthAnumAna ke kAraNa hone se, parArthAnumAna ke pratipAdaka vacanoM ko bhI, parArthAnumAna kahate haiM / athavA yoM kahie ki una bacanoM kA svArthAnumAna kAraNa hai isa lie unako anumAna kahate haiM / bhAvArtha - upacAra kisI prayojana ko athavA kisI nimitta ko lekara kiyA jAtA hai / so yahAM vacana eka to parArthAnumAna ke nimitta haiM dUsare zAstra meM anumAna ke pAMca avayavoM ke vyavahAra karane meM prayojanIbhUta haiM; kyoMki jJAnasvarUpa zrAtmA meM pratijJA, hetu, udAharaNa, upanaya tathA nigamana ina pAMca avayavoM kA vyavahAra nahIM kara sakate haiM isa lie upacAra se vacanoM ko bhI parArthAnumAna saMjJA hai | hetu ( sAdhana ) ke bheda : sa hetu dhopalabdhyanupalabdhibhedAt // 57 // bhASArtha - - " sAdhyAvinAbhAvitvenanizcitohetuH " isa sUtra

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bhASA - artha | se kahe gae hetu ke do bheda haiM, eka upalabdhirUpa, dUsarA anupalabdhirUpa / bauddha kA kahanA hai ki upalabdhirUpahetu, vidhi arthAta maujUdagI kA hI sAdhaka hotA hai aura anupalabdhirUpahetu niSedha arthAt gairamaujUdagI kA hI sAdhaka hotA hai isa para AcArya apanA mata pragaTa karate haiM:upalabdhi vidhipratiSedhayoranupalabdhizca // 58 // bhASArtha - cAhe upalabdhirUpahetu ho cAhe anupalabdhi -- rUpa | donoM hI vidhi aura pratiSedha donoM ke sAdhaka haiM / / bhAvArtha -- Age ke sUtroM se isa sUtra kA bhAvArtha spaSTa ho jAyagA / parantu itanI bAta jAna lenA cAhie ki upalabdhi ke do bheda haiM / jina meM zraviruddhopalabdhi (1) to vidhi ( maujUdagI ) kI sAdhaka hai aura viruddhopalabdhi ( 2 ) niSedha kI sAdhaka hai isI prakAra anupalabdhi ke bhI do bheda haiM jina meM aviruddhAnupalabdhi (1) to niSedha kI sAdhaka hai aura viruddhAnupalabdhi (2) vidhi kI sAdhaka hai / viruddhopalabdhi ke bhedaHaviruddhopalabdhirvidhau Sor3hA vyApyakAryakAraNapUrvottarasahacarabhedAt // 59 // bhASArtha ---- maujUdagI ko siddha karane vAlI, zraviruddhopalabdhi ke chaH bheda haiM / aviruddhavyApyopalabdhi, zraviruddhakAryopalabdhi, zraviruddha kAraNopalabdhi aviruddhapUrvaca ropalabdhi, zraviruddhottaracaropalabdhi, aura viruddhasahacaropalabdhi / -

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parIkSAmukha bhAvArtha-ina chahoM bhedoM ke Adi meM eka "sAdhya se" itanA pada aura jor3anA cAhie, taba yaha artha karanA cAhie ki sAdhya se aviruddha ke vyApya kI upalabdhirUpa yaha hetu hai ityAdi / bauddha kA kahanA hai ki kAryahetu aura svabhAvahetu ye donoM hI vidhi ke sAdhaka haiM anya nhiiN| kAraNahetu to yoM nahIM hai ki yaha niyama nahIM, ki jahAM kAraNa ho vahAM kArya hove hii| phira kAraNa kAryako kaise janA sakatA hai arthAt nahIM janA sakatA hai / isakA uttara yaha hai :rasAdekasAmagrayanumAnena rUpAnumAna micchadbhiriSTameva kiJcitkAraNaM hetu yaMtra sAmarthyApratibandhakAraNAntarAvaikalye // 60 // bhASArtha-rasa ke cakhane se usakI utpAdikA sAmagrI kA anumAna hotA hai / vaha yaha hai, ki isa rasa kI utpAdikA sAmagrI ho gaI, yadi nahIM ho gaI hotI ; to isa samaya rasa cakhane meM nahIM aataa| aura pAtA hai / isa lie eka sAmagrI kI siddhi hotI hai / phira usa sAmagrI se rUpa kA anumAna hotA hai / vaha yaha hai, ki rasa kI utpAdikA sAmagrI ne ( rUpaskaMdha ne) sajAtIya rUpakSaNa ko utpanna karake hI vijAtIya rasakSaNa ko utpanna kiyA hai| yadi aisA na hotA; to rasa ke samAna kAla meM rUpa kI pratIti nahIM hotii| parantu hotI hai / isa se siddha hotA hai ki usa sAmagrI ne rUpa ko bhI utpanna kiyA hai| isa prakAra rasa se sAmagrI kA aura kAraNa rUpa sAmagrI se rUpa kA anumAna mAnanevAle bauddhoM ne kahIM para

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bhaassaa-arth| kAraNa rUpa hetu svayaM mAnA hI hai jahA~ para ki kAraNa kI sAma rthya (zakti) kA pratibandha ( rukAvaTa ) nahIM hogA; tathA anya kisI kAraNa kI kamI nahIM hogii| bhAvArtha-jahA~ kAraNa kI zakti mANa mantra vagairaha se roka dI jAyagI athavA kisI sahAI kAraNa kI kamI hogI, vahAM kAraNa, kArya kA gamaka arthAt janAne vAlA nahIM hogA / aura dUsarI jagaha to avazya hI hogaa| isI prakAra pUrvacara aura uttaracara hetu bhI bhinna hI haiM; kyoMki unakA kisI bhI hetu meM antabhAva nahIM hotA hai / sohI dikhAte haiM : na pUrvottaracAriNostAdAtmyaM tadutpatsirvA kAlavyavadhAne tadanupalabdheH // 61 // __ bhASArtha-pUrvacara tathA uttaracara hetuoM kA sAdhya ke sAtha tAdAtmya sambandha nahIM hai ataH svabhAva hetu meM antarbhAva nahIM hotA hai tathA tadutpattisambandha bhI nahIM hai ataH kArya aura kAraNahetu meM bhI antarbhAva nahIM hotA hai / ye donoM kyoM nahIM ? isa kA uttara yaha hai, ki kAla ke vyavadhAna ( phAsale ) meM ye donoM sambandha hote nahIM haiN| bhAvArtha-ina donoM hetuoM meM sAdhya se antarmuhUrta kAla kA vyavadhAna ( phAsalA ) rahatA hai isa lie ina meM kArya aura kAraNa kI nAI tadutpattisambandha nahIM hai tathA svabhAva aura svabhAvI kI nAI tadAtmyasambandha nahIM hai|

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parIcAmukha isa para bauddha kA kahanA hai ki kAla ke vyavadhAna meM bhI kAryakAraNabhAva hotA hai jaise AgAmImaraNa ariSToM (apazakunoM) kA kAraNa hotA hai tathA atIta (gujarA huA) jJAna, udghodha ( so karake jAgane kI avasthA ke jJAna ) kA kAraNa hotA hai| uttara yaha hai: bhAvyatItayo maraNajAgRvodhayorapi nAriSTobodhau prati hetutvam // 62 // bhASArtha-AgAmImaraNa tathA bItAhuaA jAgane kI avasthA kA jJAna, krama se ariSTa (apazakuna) aura udbodha ke lie kAraNa nahIM hai| bhAvArtha- aAgAmImaraNa, ariSToMkA kAraNa nahIM tathA bItAhuzrA sAyaMkAlakA jJAna, prAtaHkAlake jJAnakA kAraNa nahIM hai| usI meM hetu dete haiM:tabyApArAzritaM hi tadbhAvabhAvitvam // 63 // bhASArtha-jisakAraNa se ki kAryakAraNabhAva kA honA kAraNa ke vyApAra kI apekSA rakhatA hai| bhAvArtha-usake (kAraNa ke) sadbhAva meM usakA (kArya kA) honA kAraNa ke vyApAra ke aAdhIna hai / parantu jaba maraNa hai hI nahIM taba usakA ariSTa ke hone meM vyApAra hI kyA hogA jisase ki kAryakAraNabhAva mAna liyA jAya / isI prakAra jAgradodha aba naSTa hI ho gayA taba usakA bhI udAdheke prati kyA vyApAra hogA?

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bhaassaa-arth| isIprakAra sahacarahetu bhI saba hetuoMse bhinna hai: sahacAriNorapi parasparaparihAraNAvasthAnAtsahotpAdAcca // 64 // bhASArtha--sahacArI ( rUpa = rasa ) padArtha parasparakI bhinnatA se rahate haiM arthAt parasparakI bhinnatAse unakI pratIti hotI hai| ataH sahacArIhetukA svabhAvahetumeM antarbhAva nahIM hosakatA, aura sahacArIpadArtha ekasAtha utpanna hote haiM isakAraNa unameM kArya. kAraNabhAva bhI nahIM banasakatA hai| jisase ki kAryahetumeM athavA kAraNahetumeM antarbhAva kiyAjAya / . -- bhAvArtha-jisaprakAra yugapat utpannahue gAyake sIMgoMmeM kAryakAraNabhAva nahIM hotA hai usIprakAra sahacaroMmeM bhI nahIM hotA; isa lie sahacarahetu eka bhinnahI hetu hai| aviruddhavyApyopalabdhikA udAharaNa / pariNAmI zabdaHkRtakatvAt, ya evaM sa evaM dRSTo yathA ghaTaH kRtakazcAyaM tasmAtpariNAmI, yastu na pariNAmI sa na kRtako dRSTo yathA bandhyAstanandhayaH kRtakaracAyaM tasmAtpariNAmI // 65 // bhASArtha-zabda "pariNAmI' hotAhai kyoMki vaha kiyAhuzrA hotA hai jo 2 kiye hue hote haiM ve 2 padArtha pariNAmI hote haiM jaise ghaTa / usItaraha zabdabhI kiyAjAtA hai ataeva vahabhI pariNAmI hotA hai| athaga jo padArtha pariNAmI nahIM hote haiM ve padArtha kiye bhI /

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parIkSAmukha nahIM jAte. haiM jaise bandhyAstrI kA putra / basa; usItaraha zabda kRtaka hotA hai isI kAraNa pariNAmI hotA hai / 50 66 bhAvArtha - yahAM anumAnake ve pAMca avayava ( aMga ) batalAe gaye haiM jinakI bAlavyutpatti ke lie AcAryane pratijJAkI thI / pariNAmI ( pakSa yA pratijJA ) kRtaka ( hetu ) ghaTa ( anvayadRSTAnta ) tathA vandhyAputra ( vyatirekadRSTAnta ) aura donoM dRSTAntoM ke bAda yaha kRtaka hai' ( upanaya ) aura " kRtaka hone se pariyaha nigamana hai / yahAM pariNAmI sAdhyase zraviruddhavyApya kRtakatvakI upalabdhi hai / jo alpadezameM raheM usako vyApya kahate haiM aura jo bahuta dezameM raheM use vyApaka kahate haiM / aba dekhie, ki pariNAmitva to binA kiye hue AkAzAdi dravyoM meM rahane se vyApaka hai aura kRtakatva kevala pudgaladravyameM rahanese vyApya hai / bhAvArtha / kevala pugaladravyameM hI pariNAmIpanA aura kRtakapanA sAtha rahate haiM anya dravyoM nahIM / " aviruddhakAryopalabdhikA udAharaNa / astyatra dehini buddhi vyAhArAdeH // 66 // bhASArtha -- isa prANI meM buddhi hai kyoMki buddhika kArya vacana Adi pAye jAte haiN| yahAM buddhi sAdhya, aura vacanAdi hetu hai / bhAvArtha-yahA~ buddhi ke viruddhakArya, vacanAdikakI upalabdhi hai / virUddhakaraNopalabdhikA udAharaNa / astyatra chAyA chatrAt // 67 // bhASArtha -- yahAM chAyA hai kyoMki chatra maujUda hai |

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bhaassaa-arth| bhAvArtha--yahAM chAyAke aviruddhakAraNa chatrakI maujUdagI hai| aviruddhapUrvacaropalabdhikA udAharaNa / udeSyati zakaTaM kRtikodayAt // 68 // - bhASArtha--ekamuhUrtake bAda rohaNIMkA udaya hogA kyoMki kRtikAkA udaya horahA hai| bhAvArtha--yahAM rohaNIke udayase pUrva honevAle kRtikAke udayakI maujUdagA hai| ___ aviruddhauttaracaropalabdhikA udAharaNa / udgAdbharaNiH prAktata eva // 69 // bhASArtha-ekamuhUrtake pahalehI bharaNikA udaya hogayA hai kyoMki kRtikAkA udaya horahA hai / bhAvArtha-yahAM bharaNike aviruddhauttaracara, kRtikAke udaya kI upalabdhi hai| ____ aviruddhasahacaropalabdhikA udAharaNa / astyatra mAtuliGge rUpaM rasAt // 70 // bhASArtha-isa mAtuliMga ( bijaure ) meM rUpa hai kyoMki rasa pAyAjAtA hai| bhAvArtha-yahAM rUpakA aviruddhasahacara, rasa maujUda hai| viruddhopalabdhike bheda :viruddhatadupalabdhiH pratizata lAyA // 1 // bhASArtha-pratiSamatAvimA viskhosalA kamI chaha zrRMdA haiN|

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kara parIcAmukham viruddhacyApyopalabdhi, viruddhakAryopalabdhi, viruddhakAraNopalabdhi, viruddhapUrvacaropalabdhi, viruddhottaracaropalabdhi, aura viruddhasahacaropalabdhi / bhAvArtha-yahA~para saba hetuoMke AdimeM vaha pada jor3anA cAhie; jisakAki Apa pratiSedha karanA cAhate hai / basa; usIke viruddhakI upalabdhirUpa hetu par3a nAyagA / viruddhavyApyopalabdhikA udAharaNa / nAstyatra zItasparza auSNyAt // 72 // bhASArtha--yahA~ zItasparza nahIM hai kyoMki zItasparzase viruddha-agni-kI vyApya-uSNatA-maujUda hai| bhAvArya-jisakA vyApya maujUda hai vaha usIko jnaavegaa| viruddhakAryopalabdhikA udAharaNa / nAstyatra zItasparTI dhUmAt // 73 // bhASArtha-yahAM zItasparza nahIM hai kyoMki zItasparzase viruddha-agni kA kArya-dhUma-maujUda hai| bhAvArtha--agnikA kArya-dhUma-rahakara agniko hI janAvegA, zItasparza ( ThaMDepana ) ko nahIM / viruddhakAraNopalabdhikA udAharaNa / nAsmin zarIrAiNasukhamasti hRdayazalyAt // 74 // bhASArtha-isa jIvameM sukha nahIM hai kyoMki sukhake virodhI duHkhakA kAraNa, hRdaya-zalya-mAnasikavyathA (Adhi)-maujUda hai|

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bhaassaa-ary| bhAvArtha-duHkhakA kAraNa maujUda hai isalie vaha duHkhako hI jnaavegaa| viruddhapUrvacaropalabdhikA udAharaNa / nodeSyati muhUrtAnte zakaTaM revatyudayAt // 7 // bhASArtha--ekamuhUteke bAda rohaNIkA udaya nahIM hogA kyoMki rohaNI ( zakaTa ) ke udayase viruddha-azvinInakSatra-ke pUrvacara ( pahale udaya honevAle ) revatIkA udaya horahA hai| bhAvArtha-revatIkA udaya azvinIke udayakA pUrvacara hai isa lie azvinIko hI janAvegA / ki udaya hogii| viruddhottaracaropalabdhikA udAharaNa / . nodgAdbharaNi muhUrtAtpUrva puSyodayAt // 16 // . bhASArtha-ekamuhUrtakAla pahale bharaNikA udaya nahIM huA kyoMki bharaNike udayase viruddha-punarvasu-ke uttaracara (pIche udaya honevAle ) puSyanakSatrakA udaya horahA hai| bhAvArtha--puSyanakSatrakA udaya punarvasukA uttaracara hai isa lie usIke udayako janAvegA / ki hogayA hai| viruddhasahacaropalabdhikA udAharaNa / nAstyatra bhittau parabhAgAbhAvo'rvAgbhAgadarzanAt // 77 // bhASArtha--isa dIvAlameM usataraphake bhAgakA prabhAva nahIM hai kyoMki usataraphake bhAgake abhAvase viruddha-usatarapheka bhAgake sadbhAvakA sAthI, isataraphakA bhAga dIkharahA hai| .. .

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parIkSAmukha bhAvArtha-usataraphake bhAgake sadbhAvakA sAthI maujUda hai ataH vaha usake sadbhAvakohI kahegA, ki usataraphakA bhAgabhI maujUda hai / aba pratiSedhasAdhikAaviruddhAnupalabdhikA varNana karate haiM : - 'aviruddhAnupalabdhiH pratiSedhe saptadhA svbhaavvyaapkkaarykaarnnpuurvottrshcraanuplmbhbhedaat||8|| bhASArtha-pratiSeva (gairamaujUdagI ) kI sAdhikA aviruddhA. nupalabdhike sAtabheda haiN| aviruddhasvabhAvAnupalabdhi, aviruddhavyApakAnupalabdhi, aviruddhakAryAnupalabdhi, aviruddhakAraNAnupalabdhi, avi. ruddhapUrvacarAnupalabdhi, tathA aviruddhottaracarAnupalabdhi, aura aviruddhasahacarAnupalabdhi / bhAvArtha-yahAMpara Apa jisakA pratiSedha karanA cAhate haiM usIkA aviruddhapanA kahanekI vivakSA hai / aviruddhasvabhAvAnupalabdhikA udAharaNa / nAstyatra bhUtale ghaTo'nupalabdheH // 79 // bhASArtha-isa bhUtalameM ghaTa nahIM hai kyoMki usake svabhAva (upalabdha honekI yogyatA ) kA abhAva hai| bhAvArtha-ghaTake prAptahonerUpasvabhAvakA bhUtalameM abhAva hai isalie vaha ghaTake abhAvako siddhakaratA hai| basa ; yahAM pratiSedha karane yogya ghaTake, aviruddhasvabhAvakA anupalambha-abhAva-liyAgayA hai / aviruddhavyApakAnupalabdhikA udAharaNa / nAstyatra ziMzapA bRkSAnupalabdheH // 80 // ..

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bhaassaa-arth| bhASArtha-yahA~ zizapA ( sIsauna ) nahIM hai kyoMki usake vyApaka-bRkSa kA abhAva hai| bhAvArtha-jo bahuta dezameM rahe usako vyApaka kahate haiN| isa rIti se yahAM bRkSa vyApaka hai, aba dekhie, ki vyApaka-bRkSa ke vinA ziMzapA (vyApya ) ho hI nahIM sakatA ; isalie bRkSakA abhAva, usake prabhAvako siddhakaratA hai| ___ aviruddhakAryAnupalabdhikA udAharaNa / nAstyatrApratibaddhasAmo'gni dhuumaanuplbdheH||1|| bhASArtha-yahA~ vinA sAmarthya ( zakti ) rukI agni nahIM hai kyoMka dhama nahIM pAyAjAtA hai / bhAvArtha--sAmarthya ( zakti ) vAlI agnike viruddhakAryadhUma-kA yahA~ abhAva hai isalie mAlUma hotA hai ki yahA~ zrAni nahIM hai, agara hai ; to bhasma vagairahase DhakI huI hai| aviruddhakAraNAnupalabdhikA udAharaNa / nAstyatra dhUmo'nagneH // 82 // bhASArtha--yahA~ dhUma nahIM hai kyoMki agni nahIM hai| bhAvArtha-dhUmake aviruddhakAraNa-agni-kA abhAva dhUmake abhAvako siddhakaratA hai| ___aviruddhapUrvacarAnupalabdhikA udAharaNa / na bhaviSyati muhUrtAnte zakaTaM kRtikodayAnupalabdheH // 83 //

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parIcAmuka . bhASArtha-ekamuhUrtakAlake bAda rohaNIkA udaya nahIM hogA kyoMki abhI kRtikAkA bhI udaya nahIM huA hai| aviruddhottaracarAnupalabdhikA udAharaNa / nodgAdbharaNi muhUrtAtmaktata eva // 24 // bhASArtha--ekamuhUrta pahale bharaNikA udaya nahIM hocukA hai kyoMki abhI kRtikAkA bhI udaya nahIM huA hai| bhAvArtha-kRtikA kA udaya bharagiNake udayase pIche honevAlA hai| aviruddhasahacarAnupalabdhikA udAharaNa / nAstyatra samatulAyAmunnAmo naamaanuplbdheH||8|| ___ bhASArtha-isa tarAjUmeM unnAma ( U~cApana ) nahIM hai kyoMki nAma ( nIcepana ) kA abhAva hai| . bhAvArtha-jaba takhar3I ekatarapha uThatI hai taba dUsarItarapha niyamasehI nIcI hojAtI hai isase siddhahotA hai ki usakA nIcApana aura UMcApana sAthahI hotA hai| basa; jaba nIcApana nahIM hai to vaha kahegA, ki U~cApanabhI nahIM hai kyoMki ve donoM ekasAtha hote haiN| aba vidhisAdhikA viruddhAnupalabdhiko kahate haiM: viruddhAnupalabdhividhau tredhA viruddhakAryakAraNasvabhAvAnupalabdhibhedAt // 86 // bhASArya-vidhisAdhikA viruddhAnupalabdhike tIna bheda haiN| viruddhakAryAnupalabdhi, viruddhakAraNAnupalabdhi aura viruddhasvabhAvAnupalabdhi /

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bhASAmernama - bhAvArtha-yahA~para sAdhyase viruddhake kAryAdikakI anupalabdhi vivakSita hai| viruddhakAryAnupalabdhikA udAharaNa / yathA'sminprANini vyAdhivizeSo'sti nirAmayaceSTAnupalabdheH // 87 // bhASArtha-jaiseki isa prANImeM vyAdhi (roga) vizeSa hai arthAta koI ekaroga hai kyoMki nArogecaSTA nahIM pAIjAtI hai| bhAvArtha-vyAdhavizeSase viruddha usake abhAvakA kArya, nahIM pAyAjAtA hai isalie avazya koI roga hai / viruddhakAraNAnupalabdhikA udAharaNa / astyatra dehini duHkhamiSTasaMyogAbhAvAt // 8 // bhASArtha--isa prANImeM duHkha hai kyoMki iSTasaMyogakA abhAva hai| bhAvArtha--duHkhake virodhI sukhake kAraNa, iSTamitroM tathA kuTumbitroM vagairaha kA abhAva hai isalie avazya duHkha hai / viruddhasvabhAvAnupalabdhikA udAharaNa / anekAntAtmakaM vstvekaantsvruupaanuplbdheH||89|| bhASArtha--padArtha,anekadharmavAle haiM kyoMki unameM nitya Adika ekAntasvarUpakA abhAva hai| bhAvArtha-anekAntase viruddha-nitya kSANakA Adi ekAntastrarUpa-kA vastuoMmeM abhAva hai isalie ve anekAntAtmaka siddhahotI haiN|

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58 parIcAmukha ... yahAM koI kahatA hai ki jo paraMparAse sAdhana hosakatA hai usako bhI sAdhanoMmeM ginAnA cAhie / uttara yaha hai:prmpryaasmbhvtsaadhnmtraivaantrbhaavniiym||10|| bhASArtha-paramparAse, jo sAdhana hosakate haiM unakA upayukta sAdhanoMmeM hI antarbhAva karanA caahie| usIko udAharaNa-dvArA puSTa karate haiM:abhadra cakre zivakaH sthAsAt // 91 // bhASArtha-isa cakrapara zivaka hogayA hai kyoMki sthAsa maujUda hai / bhAvArtha--yaha sthAsarUpahetu paramparAse zivakakA kArya hai| vaha aise hai, ki jaba kuMbhAra ghaTako banAtA hai taba ghaTake pahale miTTI kI bahutasI paryAyeM hojAtI haiM bAdameM ghaTa hotA hai unhIM paryAyoMmeM se ye paryAyeM haiM jinameM pahale zivaka, bAdameM zivakakA kArya chatraka hotA hai usake bAdameM sthAsa hotA hai isalie sthAsa, zivakakA paramparAse kArya hai sAkSAt nahIM / kyoMki sAkSAtkArya chatraka hai| yaha hetu aviruddhakAryopalabdhimeM garbhita hotA hai:kAryakAryamaviruddhakAryopalabdhau // 92 // bhASArtha-kAryake kAryarupahetukA-paramparAkAryahetukA-aviruddhakAryopalabdhimeM antarbhAva hotA hai| usIko udAharaNase puSTa karate haiM :nAstyatra guhAyAM mRgakrIr3anaM mRgArisaMzabdanAta kAraNaviruddhakArya viruddhakAryopalabdhau yathA // 9 //

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bhASA - artha 56 bhASArtha - isa guphA meM mRgakI krIr3A nahIM hai kyoMki siMhakA zabda horahA hai arthAt siMha bola rahA hai| jisaprakAra isa kAraNaviruddhakAryopalabdhikA viruddhakAryopalabdhi meM antarbhAva hotA hai; usI prakAra kAryakAryakA, aviruddha kAryopalabdhi meM antarbhAva hotA hai / bhAvArtha - kAraNaviruddha kAryopalabdhiko isataraha ghaTAnA cAhie, ki mRga-kIr3A ke kAraNa mRga ke virodhI-siMha-kA, zabdarUpa - kArya pAyAjAtA hai / 9 vyutpannapuruSoM ke lie prayogakA niyama :vyutpannaprayogastu tathopapattyA'nyathAnupapattyaiva vA // 94 // bhASArtha - vyutpanna - paNDita-puruSoM ke lie, tathopapatti-sAdhyake sadbhAva hI sAdhana kA honA-yA anyathA'nupapatti-sAdhya ke prabhAvameM sAdhana kA na honA - isa niyamase hI prayoga karanA cAhiye / usIko udAharaNa - dvArA puSTa karate haiM:agnimAnayaM dezastathaiva dhUmavatvopapatte dhUmavatvAnyathAnupapattervA // 95 // bhASArtha - yaha pradeza agnivAlA hai; kyoMki tathaiva - zrAgnike sadbhAvameM hI yaha dhUmavAlA hosakatA hai athavA yaha hetu samajhanA cAhie, ki agnike abhAva meM yaha dhUmavAlA ho hI nahIM sakatA hai isalie isameM avazya agni hai / bhAvArtha - isameM yaha bAta dRr3hakI gaI hai ki vidvAnoM ke lie udAharaNa vagairahake prayogakI AvazyakatA nahIM hai /

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parIkSAmula A - A kisIkA kahanA hai ki yadi udAharaNa nahIM diyA jAyagA; to ve loga vyAptikA nizcaya kaise kareMge / uttara yaha hai :___ hetuprayogo hi yathAvyAptigrahaNaM vidhIyate sA ca tAvanmAtreNa vyutpannairavadhAryate // 96 // bhASArtha-jisakI sAdhya ke sAtha vyApti nizcita hai aise hI hetukA prayoga kiyAjAtA hai. basa ; usa hetuke prayogase-udAharaNa zrAdika ke vinA-hI buddhimAn loga vyAptikA nizcaya karalete haiN| bhAvArtha-jabaki sAdhyake vinA nahIM honevAle hetukA hI prayoga kiyAjAyagA, to buddhimAnloga sutarAM yaha nizcaya kara leveMge, ki jahAM yaha hetu hogA vahA~ yaha sAdhyabhI avazya rhegaa| aura:tAvatA ca sAdhyasiddhiH // 7 // bhASArtha-usa hetu ( sAdhyake binA nahIM honevAle hetu ) ke prayogase hI sAdhyakI siddhi hojAtI hai / bhAvArtha--sAdhyakI siddhimeM dRSTAnta AdikakI koI z2arUrata nahIM hotii| aura pakSakA prayoga karanA bhI isIse saphala hojAtA hai: tena pakSastadAdhArasUcanAyoktaH // 98 // bhASArtha-isIkAraNa,tadAdhArasUcanAya-sAdhyake vinA nahIM hone vAle, sAdhanakA prAdhAra jatAneko-hI pakSakA prayoga karanA kahA hai| bhAvArtha- jaba sAdhyake vinA nahIM honevAle hetuse hI sAdhya

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bhaassaa-mrth| www wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww kI siddhi hojAtI hai taba usa sAdhanakA sthAna dikhAneke liye pakSakA prayoga karanA ThIka hI hai| Agamake nimitta aura lakSaNaH-- aaptvcnaadinibndhnmrthjnyaanmaagmH||99|| bhASArtha-prAptake vacana zrAdikoMse honevAle, padArthoke jJAna ko Agama khtehaiN| bhAvArtha-mokSamArgake netA, kauke vinAzaka aura sarvajJa prAtmAke vacanoMse tathA aMgulI zrAdi saMjJAoMse honevAle, dravya guNa. aura paryAyoMke jJAnako aAgamapramANa kahate haiN| koI kahatA hai ki prAptake vacanoMse vAstava arthoMkA zAna hotA hai isameM kAraNa kyA ? uttara yaha hai: sahajayogyatAsaGketavazAddhi zabdAdayo vastupratipattihetavaH // 100 // bhASArtha-arthoM meM tathA zabdoMmeM vAcya-vAcaka rUpa eka svAbhAvikI yogyatA hai-zabdoMmeM vAcakarUpa tathA arthoM meM vAcyarUpa yogyatA hai, jisameM saMketa hojAnese zabdAdika, padArthoke jJAnameM hetu hojAte haiN| bhAvArtha- 'ghaTa' zabdameM kambugrIvAdivAle ghar3eko kahanekI zakti hai aura usa ghar3emeM kahejAnekI zakti hai phira, jisa puruSake aisA saMketa hojAtA hai.ki yaha zabda ghar3eko kahatA hai, usa puruSako ghaTazabda ke sunanemAtrase hI ghar3ekA jJAna hojAtA hai aura zIghU le bhI AtA hai| usIkA dRSTAnta dikhAte haiM:yathA mervAdayaH santi // 101 //

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parIkSAmukha bhASArtha-jaise meru aAdika haiN| . .. bhAvArtha-jisaprakAra meruzabdake kahanemAtrase hI jambUdvIpake madhyavAle sumerukA jJAna hojAtA hai| isIprakAra sabajagaha jaannaacaahie| tIsareparicchedakA sArAMza / avizadapratibhAsavAle jJAnako parokSapramANa kahate haiM aura vaha avizadatA dUsare jJanoMkI sahAyatA lenese AjAtI hai| bhAvArtha-jo jJAna dUsare jJAnakI sahAyatA letA hai vaha parokSa kahAjAtA hai| usake pAMcabheda haiN| smRti, pratyabhijJAna, tarka, anumAna aura bhAgamominake lakSaNa aura bheda pahale kahe mAcuke haiN| basa ; isa paricchedameM ina pAMcoMkA, yA yoM kahiye ki; parokSapramANakA varNana hai| isaprakAra parokSapramANakA varNana huaa| iti tRtIyaH pricchedH| aba pramANake viSayakA nirNaya karate haiM :sAmAnyavizeSAtmA tadarthoM viSayaH // 1 // bhASArtha--sAmAnya aura vizeSasvarUpa arthAt dravya-paryAya svarUpa padArtha, pramANakA viSaya hotA hai| - bhAvArtha dravyake binA paryAya aura paryAyake vinA dravya kisI bhI pramANakA viSaya nahIM hotA hai; kintu dravyaparyAyarUpa padArtha, pramANakA viSaya hotA hai| eka 2 ko pramANakA viSaya mAnanemeM bahutase doSa zrAte haiM jinakA ki aSTasahastrImeM pUrNa khulAsA diyA hai /

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bhASA - artha | isI meM hetu dete haiM :anuvRttavyAvRttapratyayagocaratvAtpUrvottarAkAra parihArAvAptisthitilakSaNapariNAmanArthakriyopapa tezca // 2 // bhASArtha sAmAnya vizeSasvarUpa padArtha pramANakA viSaya hotA hai athavA yoM kahiye, ki dravyaparyAyasvarUpa padArtha pramANakA viSaya hotA hai; kyoMki vaha anuvRttapratyaya tathA vyAvRttapratyayakA viSaya hotA hai / dUsarA hetu yaha hai ki arthake pUrvagrAkArakA vinAza aura uttaraAkArakA prAdurbhAva hotA hai jinase arthakA sthitirUpa pariNAma rahatA hai jisake dvArA ki usameM artha kriyA hotI hai arthAt utpAda aura vyaya se rahanevAle sthitirUpa pariNAmadvArA hI artha meM artha - kriyA hotA hai / bhAvArtha -- anuvRtta aura vyAvRtta ina donoM pratyayoM kA viSaya hotA hai isa kAraNa, tathA utpAda - vinAzako prApta hotA huA bhI apanI sthitiko kAyama rakhakara, apane kArya (artha-kriyA) ko karatAhai isakAraNa, ubhaya svarUpa arthAt sAmAnya - vizeSasvarUpa padArthahI pramANakA viSaya hotA hai / bhAvArthaM / anuvRttapratyayakA viSaya sAmAnya hotA hai zraura vyAvRttapratyayakA viSaya vizeSa hotA hai tathA isIprakAra, dravya ( sAmAnya ) aura paryAya (vizeSa) donoMrUpa padArtha meMhI artha-kriyA banasakatI hai / kevala dravya athavA paryAyameM nahIM / isase siddha hotA hai ki sAmAnya-vizeSasvarUpa padArthahI pramANakA viSaya hotA haiM / artha-kriyA-padArthoMke kAryako kahate haiM jaise ghaTakI arthakriyA jalazrAharaNa karanA hai| gau gau gau isaprakArake pratyayako anuvRtta pratyaya aura yaha zyAma hai yaha citakabarI hai. isaprakAra ke pratyayako

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parIkSAmukha vyAvRttapratyaya kahate haiM kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki yaha vahI hai, aisI pratItiko anuvRttapratyaya aura yaha vaha nahIM hai aisI pratIti vyAvRttapratyaya kahate haiM / duH sAmAnyake bhedaH - sAmAnyaM dvedhA tiyagUrdhvatAbhedAt // 3 // bhASArtha----sAmAnyake do bheda haiM eka tiryaksAmAnya, dUsarA UrdhvatAsAmAnya / tiryakasAmAnyakA svarUpa aura dRSTAntaHsadRzapariNAmastiya khaNDamuNDAdiSu gotvavat // 4 // bhASArtha -- pariNAmoM kI sadRzatAko tiyarkasAmAnya kahate haiM / jaise khA~r3I muNDI zAbalI Adi gAyoMmeM sadRzapariNAmarUpa gotva rahatA hai / bhAvArtha -- sabagAyoM kA samAna pAragamana hotA hai isalie sabahI ko eka gauzabda pukArate haiM isIprakAra hI sarvatra jAnanA / yahAM gotra kA artha, sadRzapariNAma liyA hai| aura vaha pratyeka gAyameM bhinnatA se rahatA hai - vyaktiyoM ke samAnahI saMkhyAvAlA hai, eka nahIM / urdhvatAsAmAnyakA svarUpa aura dRSTAntaHparApara vivartavyApidravyamUrdhvatA mRdiva sthAsA diSu // 5 // bhASArtha -- pUrva aura uttara paryAyoMmeM rahanevAle, dravyako UrdhvatA sAmAnya kahate haiM / jaise sthAsa koza kuzUla Adi paryAyoMmeM miTTI rahatI hai / basa ; vaha miTTI hI UrdhvotAsAmAnyazabda se pukArI jAtI hai / -- -

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bhAjaprA vizeSake bhedaH vizeSazca // 6 // bhASArtha--vizeSake bhI do bheda haiN| aura veH paryAyavyatirekabhedAt // 7 // bhASArtha-eka paryAya, dUsarA vyatireka-ye haiN| paryAyavizeSakA svarUpa aura udAharaNaH-- ekasminadravye kramabhAvinaH pariNAmaH paryAyA ___aAtmani harSaviSAdAdivat // 8 // bhASArtha-ekadravyameM kramase honevAle pariNAmoM ko paryAya kahate hai jaise zrAtmAmeM harSa aura viSAda kramase hote haiN| vyAterekavizeSakA svarUpa aura udAharaNaH arthAntaragato visadRzapariNAmo vyatireko gomahiSAdivat // 9 // ----bhASArtha-ekapadArthakI apekSAse dUsare padArthameM rahanevAle visadazapariNAmako vyatireka kahate haiM jaise gause mahiSa (bhaiMsA) meM eka vilakSaNa ( bhinna ) hI pariNamana hotA hai| ___cauthe paricchedakA sArAMza / pramANa, sAmAnya-vizeSasvarUpa padArthako viSaya karatA hai arthAta sAmAnya-vizeSa, ubhayarUpa padArthako jAnatA hai / eka rUpa padArthako nahIM / kyoMki usameM bahuta doSa pAte haiN| usa sAmAnya tathA vizeSa

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ke do 2 bheda hai, jinakA pUrvameM hI vistArase varNana kara cuke haiM / isaprakAra viSaya-pariccheda samApta huzrA / iti caturyaH paricchedaH / aba pramANake phalakA nirNaya karate haiN:ajnyaannivRttiaanopaadaanopekssaashcphlm||1|| bhASArtha-pramANakA sAkSAtphala, ajJAnakI nivRtti hai tathA paramparAphala, hAna, upAdAna aura upekSA hai| bhAvArtha-pramANa dvArA pahale ajJAnakI nivRtti (nudAI) hotI hai bAdameM kisI vastukA tyAga athavA grahaNa hotA hai athavA usameM upekSArUpa madhyasthabhAva hojAtA hai isaliye ina tInoMko paramparA phala kahata haiM aura ajJAnakI nivRttiko sAkSAtUphala kahate haiM ! usa phalakI vyavasthA:pramANAdAbhinna bhinnaM ca // 2 // bhASArtha-vaha phala, pramANase kathaMcit bhinna tathA kathaMcit abhinna hotA hai| unameMse abhinnapakSakA samarthana karate haiM: yaH pramimIte sa eva nivRttAjJAno jahAtyAdatta upekSate ceti pratItaH // 3 // bhASArtha-jo jAnatAhai usIkA ajJAna dUra hotA hai vahI kisI vastuko chor3atA athavA grahaNa karatA hai athavA madhyastha hojAtA hai

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isaliye eka jJAtAkI apekSAse pramANa aura phala donoM abhinna haiM / aura pramANa tathA phala kI bhedarUpa pratIti hotI hai isalie donoM bhinna haiN| pAMcaveM paricchedakA sArAMza / pramANake phalake do bheda haiM eka sAkSAt phala dUsarA paraMmparA phala | jinameM ajJAnakI nivRtti to sAkSAtphala hai aura hAna, upAdAna, upekSA, ye tIna paramparAphala haiN| ve phala, pramANasa kathaMcit bhinna aura kathaMcit zrabhinna hote haiM jisakA samarthana prAntama sUtresa kiyA huA hai| bhAvArtha -- hAna nAma chor3anekA, upAdAna nAma grahaNa karanekA ' aura upekSA nAma madhyasthabhAvakA hai / isaprakAra pAMcavAM pariccheda samApta huA / iti paMcamaH paricchedaH / aba AbhAsakA varNana karate haiM: tateA'nyattadAbhAsam // 1 // bhASArtha -- Upara kahe hue pramANake svarUpa, saMkhyA, viSaya tathA phalase viparIta ( ulTe ) pramANasvarUpa zrAdikoMko svarUpaNabhAsa, saMkhSAbhAsa viSayAbhAsa, aura phalAbhAsa kahateM haiM / svarUpAbhAsoM kI parigaNanAH asvasaMviditagRhItArthadarzanasaMzayAdyaH pramA NAbhAsAH // 2 // bhASArtha -- svasaMvidita, gRhItArtha, darzana tathA saMzaya, vipayeya aura anadhyavasAya, ina jJAnoMko pramANAbhAsa kahate haiM /

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...-ATURE . . bhAvArtha-jo jJAna apane svarUpako nahIM jAnatA, usako asvasaMvidita tathA jo jJAna kisI sacce jJAnadvArA jAne hue padArtha ko jAnatA hai, usako gRhItArtha, aura nirvikalpakajJAna arthAt jisase yaha ghaTa hai yaha paTa hai aisA nizcaya nahIM hotA, usa jJAnako darzana kahate haiM / saMzaya AdikakA svarUpa pahale kahA jAcukA hai / ye saba hI pramANAbhAsa arthAt jhUThejJAna haiM / inako pramANAbhAsa kahanemeM hetu:... svaviSayopadarzakatvAbhAvAt // 3 // bhASArtha-kyoMki ye apane viSayakA nizcaya nahIM karAte haiN| bhAvArtha-apane viSayameM ajJAnakI nivRttirUpa phalako paidA karanevAle jJAnako pramANa kahate haiM parantu uparyuktaphaMThe jJAnoMse ajJAna nahIM haTatA hai, isalie ve pramANa nahIM ho sakate haiN| ___ isI bAtako dRSTAntoMse dRr3ha karate haiM: puruSAntarapUrvArthagacchattRNasparzasthANupuruSAdi jJAnavat // 4 // - bhASArtha-dUsare puruSake jJAnakI bhAMti, asvasaMviditajJAna, tathA pUrthi arthAt jAnehue padArthake jJAnakI taraha, gRhItArthajJAna, aura calatehue puruSake tRNasparzake jJAnakI tulya, darzana tathA yaha sthANu hai vA puruSa, aise jJAnakI taraha saMzayajJAna, apane 2 viSaya ko yathArthapanese viSaya nahIM karate haiM Adi padase sIpameM cAMdIke jJAnakI naoNI viparyayajJAna aura calatehue tRNasparzake jJAnakI naoNI anadhyavasAya bhI apane viSayako nizcayarUpase nahIM jAnate haiM isa . lie ve pramANAbhAsa haiN|

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aba sannikarSake pramANapanekA dRSTAntase niSedha karate haiM: cakSarasayordravye saMyuktasamavAyavacca // 5 // bhASArtha-jisaprakAra dravyameM cakSu aura rasakA saMyuktasamavAya hotA huA bhI pramANa nahIM hotA hai-jJAnarUpI phalako paidA nahIM karatA hai, usItaraha dravyameM cakSu aura rUpakA saMyuktasamavAya bhI jJAnarUpI phalako paidA nahIM kara sakatA hai| isalie sannikarSa, pramANa nahIM hai| pratyakSAbhAsakA svarUpa:avaizaye pratyakSaM tadAbhAsaM bauddhasyAkasmAddhamadarzanAdanhivijJAnavat // 6 // bhASArtha-avizadajJAnako pratyakSa mAnanA pratyakSAbhAsa hai jaiseki akasmAt dhUma dekhanese paidA hue banhike jJAnako bauddhaloga, pratyakSa mAnate haiM / basa ; yaha unakA pratyakSa nahIM hai; kintu pratyakSAbhAsa hai / parIkSAbhAsakA svarUpa:vaizadye'pi parokSaM tadAbhAsaM mImAMsakasya karaNa jJAnavat // 7 // bhASArtha- vizadajJAnako parokSa mAnanA parokSAbhAsa hai jaise ki mImAMsaka, karaNajJAnako parokSa mAnate haiM basa, yaha unakA parokSa nahIM hai ; kintu parokSAbhAsa hai| .. ... bhAvArtha-jisake dvArA ajJAna haTatA hai usako karaNajAna kahate haiM aura ajJAnake haTaneko phalajJAna kahate haiN|..

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paronAbhAsake bhedoMmeMse smaraNAbhAsa isaprakAra hai :__ atasmistaditijJAnaM smaraNAbhAsaM jinadatte sa devadatto yathA // 8 // bhASArtha-jisa padArthakA pahale kabhI dhAraNArUpa anubhava nahI huzrA thA, usake smaraNako smaraNAbhAsa kahate haiM jaise kijinadattakA smaraNa karake kahanA, ki vaha devadatta / yahAM devadattako kabhI dekhA nahIM thA aura smaraNa kiyA hai, isalie vaha smaraNa phaMThA hai| pratyabhijJAnAbhAsakA svarUpaH - sahaze tadevedaM tasminneva tena sadRzaM yamalakavAdityAdi pratyabhijJAnAbhAsam // 9 // bhASArtha-sadRza padArthameM kahanA ki yaha to vahI padArtha hai jise pahale dekhA thA, aura usI padArthameM kahanA ki yaha usake sadRza hai| jaisA ki, ekasAtha paidA hue do manuSyoMmeM, ulTA jJAna ho nAtA hai basa ; ina donoM jJAnoMko pratyabhijJAnAbhAsa kahate haiN| bhAvArtha-pahale sAdRzya ekatvAdi pratyabhijJAna batalAe the basa ; unhIke viparyaya honese ye pratyabhijJAna jhUThe kahe jAte haiN| tarkAmAsakA svarUpaHasambaddhe tajJAnaM tarkAbhAsam // 10 // bhASArtha-jina padArthokI parasparameM vyApti nahIM hai unameM honevAle vyApti (avinAbhAvasambandha ) ke jJAnako tarkAbhAsa kahate haiN| bhAvArtha-jote ki caitrake putroMkI zyAmapaneke sAtha vyApti

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amerammaanamaramanararunam nahIM hai phira bhI kahanA ki jo 2 caitrakA putra hotA hai vaha 2 kAlA hotA hai / yaha jJAna, tarka nahIM hai; kintu jhUThA tarka hai| .. anumAnAbhAsakA svarUpa:idamanumAnAbhAsam // 11 // bhASArtha-nIceke sUtroMmeM kahe hue saba anumAnAbhAsa haiN| bhAvArtha-avayavAbhAsoMke dikhAnese anumAna-svarUpAbhAsa kA varNana hojAtA hai kyoMki avayavoMko chor3akara anumAna, bhinna koI bhI vastu nahIM haiN| panAbhAsakA svarUpa:tatrAniSTAdiH pakSAbhAsaH // 12 // bhASArtha-una avayavAbhAsoMmeMse, aniSTa, bAdhita aura siddha, ina tInoMhI pakSoMko pakSAbhAsa kahate haiN| aba aniSTapatnAbhAsako spaSTa karate haiM:aniSTo mImAMsakasyAnityaH zabdaH // 13 // bhASArtha-mImAsakoMko anitya zabda aniSTa haiM-iSTa nahIM haiM; kyoMki unhoMne zabdako nitya mAnA hai| bhAvArtha- agara mImAMsaka, pakSa boleM ki zabda anitya hotA hai to vahAM yahI uttara paryApta hogA, ki tumhArA pakSa aniSTa nAmakA pakSAbhAsa hai| siddhapatnAbhAsakA udAharaNa:siddhaH zrAvasaH zabdaH // 14 // . 9hA

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- bhASArtha-zabda karNa indriyakA viSaya hotA hai, yaha pakSa siddha nAmakA pakSAbhAsa hai kyoMki jaba zabdakA pratyakSahI hogayA phira pakSa banAkara siddha karanA nirarthaka hai| . bAdhitapatnAbhAsake bheda:bAdhitaHpratyakSAnumAnAgamalokasvavacanaiH // 15 // bhASArtha-bAdhita pakSAbhAsake pratyakSabAdhita, anumAnabAdhita, AgamabAdhita, lokabAdhita aura svavacanabAdhita, ye pAMca bheda haiN| pratyanabAdhitakA udAharaNa :tatra pratyakSabAdhito yathA anuSNo'gnidravyatvA jjalavat // 16 // . bhASArtha-unameMse pratyakSabAdhitakA udAharaNa isaprakAra hai ki agni ThaMDI hotI hai kyoMki vaha dravya hai jo dravya hotA hai vaha ThaMDA hotA hai jaise jala / bhAvArtha-yahAM " agni ThaMDI hotI hai " yaha pakSa, spArzana pratyakSase bAdhita hai kyoMki chUnese agni gama mAlUma hotI hai| ___ anumAnabAdhitakA udAharaNa:apariNAmI zabdaH kRtvakatvAdghaTavat // 17 // bhASArtha-zabda apariNAmI hotA hai; kyoMki vaha kiyA jAtA hai jo kiyA jAtA hai vaha apariNAmI hotA hai jaise ghaTa / bhAvArtha-yahAM " zabda pariNAmI hotA haiM kyoMki vaha kiyA jAtA hai jo kiyA jAtAhai vaha pariNAmI hotA haiM jaise ghaTa / isa anumAnase, uparyukta pakSameM bAdhA AtIhai isalie. vaha, anumAnavAdhita hai|

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AgamabAdhitakA udAharaNa:. pretyAsukhaprado dharmaH purussaashrittvaadhrmvt||18|| bhASArtha-dharma, (puNya) paralokameM duHkhakA denevAlA hotA hai kyoMki vaha puruSake Azrayase hotA hai jo ra puruSake zrAzrayase hotA hai vaha 2 duHkhadAyI hotA hai jaise adharma (paap)| . bhAvArtha-yaha pakSa bhAgamase bAdhita hai kyoMki AgamameM dharma mukhakA denevAlA aura adharma duHkhakA denevAlA batalAyA gayA hai| yadyapi donoM puruSake zrAzrayase hote hai tathApi ve bhinna svabhAvavAle haiN| lokavAdhitakA udAharaNaH'zaci naraziraHkapAlaM prANyaMgatvAcchaMkhazuktivat // 19 // bhASArtha-manuSyake zirakA kapAla (khopar3I) pavitra hotA hai; kyoMki vaha prANIkA aMga hai jo prANIkA aMga hotA hai vaha pavitra hotA hai jaise zaMkha aura siip| bhAvArtha-yaha pakSa lokabAdhita hai kyoMki lokameM prANIkA aMga hote hue bhI koI cIz2a pavitra aura koI apavitra mAnI gaI hai| svavacanabAdhitakA udAharaNa:mAtA me bandhyA puruSasaMyoge'pyagarbhavatvAt prasiddhabandhyAvat // 20 // bhASArtha-merI mAtA bandhyA hai kyoMki puruSakA saMyoga hone parabhI usake garbha nahIM rahatA hai jisake puruSakA saMyoga honepara bhI garbha nahIM rahatA hai vaha bandhyA kahI mAsI hai jaise prasiddhamanyAstrI /

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pAlu+-- bhAvArtha- svayaM maujUda hai mAtA bhI kaha rahA hai phira kahatA hai ki merI mAtA bandhyA hai yaha pakSa usIke vacana ( merImAtA) se bAdhita hai / hetvAbhAsake bheda:hetvAbhAsA asiddhviruddhaanaikaantikaakinycitkr|H // 21 // bhASArtha -- prasiddha, viruddha, anaikAntika ra zrakiJcitkaraye cAra, hetvAbhAsake bheda haiM / asiddhahetvAbhAsa ke bheda aura svarUpaHasatsattAnizcayo'siddhaH // 22 // bhASArtha - jisakI sattAkA abhAva ho usako svarUpAsiddha aura jisakA nizcaya na ho usako saMdigdhAsiddha kahate haiM / basa; svarUpAsiddha aura sa~digdhAsiddha, pe hI prasiddha hetvAbhAsake do bheda haiM / svarUpAsiddhakA udAharaNaH - avidyamAnasattAkaH pariNAmI zabdazcAkSuSatvAt // 23 // bhASArtha -- zabda pariNAmI hotA hai kyoMki vaha cacuse jAnA jAtA hai| bhAvArtha -- " zabda canase jAnA jAtA hai yaha hetu svarUpase hI prasiddha hai kyoMki zabda, netrase nahIM; kintu karNa se jAnA jAtA hai / aba isake svarUpAsiddha hone meM hetu dete haiM:svarUpeNAsatvAt // 24 // -

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bhASArtha-yaha svarUpase hI ThIka nahIM hai ki zabda cakSuse mAnA jAtA hai / kintu zabda karNase jAnA jAtA hai| saMdigdhAsiddhakA udAharaNaH- - - avidyamAnanizcayo mugdhabuddhiM pratyagniratra dhUmAt // 25 // bhASArtha-mugdhabuddhi arthAt kisI ajAnapuruSase kahanA ki yahAM agni hai kyoMki dhUma hai / yaha dhUmahetu saMdigdhAsiddha hai| dhUmahetuke saMdigdhAsiddha honemeM hetuH - tasya bASpAdibhAvena bhUtasaMghAte sandehAt // 26 // bhASArtha-mugdhabuddhike prati isalie " dhUma ' hetu saMdigdhAsiddha hai ki use bhUtasaMghAtameM vASpAdi dekhanese sandeha hojAtA hai ki yahAM bhI agni hai-athavA hogii| aura bhI asiddhahetvAbhAsakA bheda dikhAte haiM:sAkhyaM prati pariNAmI zabdaH kRnakatvAt // 27 // bhASArtha--sAMkhyake prati kahanA ki zabda pariNAmI hotA hai kyoMki vaha kiyA jAtA hai / yaha hetu usake prati prasiddha hai| kyoMkiHtenAjJAtatvAt // 28 // 1 bhRtasaMghAtase cUlhese utArI huI vaTaloI denA cAhie, kyoMki usameM pRthvI, apa, teja, vAyu, cAroMhI kA samudAya rahatA hai aura bhApa bhI nikalatI rahatI hai|

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bhASArtha--sAMkhya kRtakatA (kRtakapane ) ko mAnatA hI nahIM hai kyoMki usake yahAM AvirbhAva aura tirobharbhAva hI prasiddha hai / viruddhahetvAbhAsakA svarUpa aura udAharaNa: viparItanizcitAvinAbhAvo viruddho'pariNAmI zabdaH kRtakatvAt // 26 // bhASArtha-sAdhyase viparItake sAtha jisahetukI vyApti ho usa hetuko viruddhahetvAbhAsa kahate haiM jaise zabda apariNAmI hotA hai kyoMki vaha kRtaka arthAt kiyAjAtA hai / isa hetukI apariNAmI panese viparIta pariNAmIpaneke sAtha vyApti hai / bhAvArtha-isa anumAnameM apariNAmI, sAdhya hai parantu kRtakatvahetu usakesAtha vyApti nahIM rakhatA hai kintu usase ulTe pariNAmI paneke sAtha vyApti rakhatA hai isalie vaha viruddha hai| anaikAntikahetvAbhAsakA svarUpa:vipakSe'pyaviruddhavRttiranaikAntikaH // 30 // bhASArtha-jo hetu, pakSa aura sapakSameM rahatA huA vipakSa meM bhI rahe usako anaikAntika kahate haiN| ' bhAvArtha-saMdigdhasAdhyavAle dharmIko pakSa kahate haiM tathA sAdhyake samAnadharmavAle dharmIko sapakSa kahate haiM aura sAdhyase viruddha dharmavAle dharmIko vipakSa kahate haiN| basa; jo hetu ina tInoMmeM rahatA hai use anekAntika vyabhicArI-kahate haiM / usake do bheda haiM ekazaMkitavipakSavRtti dUsarA nizcitavipakSavRtti /

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nizcitavipakSavRttikA udAharaNaHnizcitavRttiranityaH zabdaH prameyatvAt ghaTavat // 31 // / bhASArtha-zabda anitya hotA hai kyoMki vaha prameya hai jo prameya hotA hai vaha anitya hotA hai jaise ghaTa / yaha prameya hetu, pakSa zabda meM, sapakSa ghaTameM, rahatAhuA vipakSa AkAzameM bhI rahatA hai isa lie vyabhicArI hai parantu usakA vipakSameM rahanA nizcita hai isalie usako nizcitavipakSavRtti kahate haiN| . isIko puSTa karate haiM:AkAze nitye'pyasya nizcayAt // 32 // bhASArtha nitya AkAzameM (vipakSameM ) bhI isakA (prameya hetukA ) nizcaya hai isalie prameyahetu nizcita vyabhicArI hai / zaMkitavipakSavRttikA udAharaNaHzaMkitavRttistu nAsti sarvajo vaktRtvAt // 33 // 'bhASArtha-sarvajJa nahIM hai kyoMki vaha bolanevAlA hai| parantu "bolanevAlA" yaha hetu rahajAya aura sarvacapanA bhI rahajAya, ina donoM bAtoMmeM koI bhI virodha nahIM hai isalie isa hetuko zaMkitavyabhicArI kahate haiM / arthAta isakI vipakSameM rahanekI zaMkA hai| . so hI kahate haiM:sarvajJatvena vaktRtvAvirodhAt // 34 //

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bhASArtha-sarvajJapaneke sAtha vaktApanekA koI virodha nahIM hai isalie sarvajJaka sadbhAvarUpavipakSameM bhI yaha hetu (vaktRtva) raha sakatA hai| AkaJcitkarahetvAbhAsakA svarUpaHsiddhe pratyakSAdibAdhite ca sAdhye heturAka JcitkaraH // 35 // bhASArtha-sAdhyake. siddha honepara tathA pratyakSAdi pramANoM se bAdhita honepara, hetu kuchabhI nahIM kara sakatA hai isalie vaha akicitkara kahA jAtA hai| siddhasAdhyavAle akiJcitkarakA udAharaNa:siddhaH zrAvaNaH zabdaH zabdatvAt // 36 // bhASArtha-zabda, zrAvaNajJAnakA viSaya hotA hai kyoMki vaha zabda hai| isake akiJcitkara honemeM hetu:kiJcidakaraNAt // 37 // bhASArtha-yaha zabdatva hetu kucha bhI nahIM karatA hai kyoMki zabdakA zrAvaNa jJAnake dvArA jAnA jAnA siddha hI hai| ___ isIko dRSTAntase puSTa karate haiM : yathA'nuSNo'gni vyatvAdityAdau kiJcitkatumazakyatvAt // 38 // bhASArtha---jisaprakAra, agni ThaMDI hotI hai kyoMki vaha dravya hai, ityAdi anumAnoMmeM kucha bhI nahIM karasakanase hetu (nyatva zrAdi)

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akizcitkara kahe jAte haiM isIprakAra Uparake sUtrameM jAnanA cAhie / akiJcitkarahetvAbhAsake prayogakI upayogitA: lakSaNe evAsau doSo vyutpannaprayogasya pakSadoSeNaiva duSTatvAt // 38 // bhASArtha-hetuke lakSaNake vicArake samaya meM hI akiJcitkara nAmakA doSaM denA cAhie, vAdakAlameM nahIM / kyoMki vyutpanna puruSoMkA prayoga, pakSake doSoMse hI duSTa hojAtA hai / hetvAbhAsoMkA sArAMza / jhUThe hetuko hetvAbhAsa kahate haiM usake cAra bheda haiM asiddha, viruddha, anakAntika aura akiJcitkara / jinameM zrasiddhake bhI do bheda haiM eka svarUpAsiddha dUsarA sa~digvAsiddha / unameM jisake abhAvakA nizcaya ho usako svarUpAsiddha kahate haiM aura jisake sadbhAvameM sandeha ho usako saMdigvAsiddha kahate haiN| sAdhyase viparIta dharmake sAtha jisakI vyAptikA nizcaya ho usako viruddha kahate haiM aura vipakSama bhI jo rahajAya usako anaikAntika ( vyabhIcArI) kahate haiM usake bhI "jisakA vipakSa meM rahanA nizcita ho vaha nizcitavyabhicArI, aura jisakA vipakSameM rahanA zaMkita ho vaha zaMkita vyabhicArI, aise do bheda haiM aura jo hetu, sAdhyakI siddhimeM kucha bhI madada na desakeM usa hetuko zrIkaJcitkara kahate haiN| - anvayadRSTAntAbhAsake bheda:- .. dRSTAntAbhAsA anvaye'siddhasAdhyasAdhanobhayAH // 40 //

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parIbhAmukha bhASArtha-anvayadRSTAntAbhAsake tIna bheda haiM sAdhyavikala, sAdhanavikala aura ubhayavikala / tInoMke udAharaNa :apauruSeyaH zabdo'mUrtatvAdindriyasukhaparamANughaTavat // 41 // bhASArtha-zabda apauruSeya hotA haiM arthAt puruSakA kiyA nahIM hotA hai; kyoMki vaha amUrta hotA hai jaise ki indriyasukha / yaha indiyasukha dRSTAnta, sAdhya, apauruSeyapanese rahita hai kyoM ke indriyasukha puruSakRta hI hotA hai, isIprakAra paramANukA dRSTAnta, sAdhanAvikala hai kyoMki paramANu mUrta arthAt rUpa, rasa, gaMdha aura sparza vAlA hotA hai tathA ghaTakA dRSTAnta, ubhaya (sAdhyasAdhana ) vikala .. hai kyoMki ghaTa mUrta hotA hai aura puruSakRta bhI hotA hai| bhAvArtha-jo dRSTAnta, anvayavyApti dikhAkara diyA jAtA hai usako anvayadRSTAnta kahate haiM usa vyAptimeM do vastue~ hotI haiM eka sAdhya dUsarA sAdhana / phira jisa dRSTAntameM sAdhya na hogA vaha sAdhyase, aura jisameM sAdhana na hogA vaha sAdhanase, tathA jisameM donoM na hoMge, vaha donoMse rahita kahA jAyagA / .. aura bhI anvayadRSTAntAbhAsa hotA hai: viparItAnvayazca yadapauruSeyaM tadamRtam // 42 // bhASArtha-pUrvoktaanumAnama, jo apauruSeya hotA hai vaha amUrta hotA hai, isaprakAra ulTe anvayake dikhAnako bhI anvayadRSTAntAbhAsa kahate haiN|

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bhaassaa-mrth| kyoMki:vidyudAdinA'tiprasaMgAt / / 43 // bhASArtha-bijalI zrAdikase atiprasaMga hotAhe arthAt bimalI apauruSeya hai isalie pramUrtabhI honI cAhie; parantu hai nahIM / basa, isIko atiprasaMga kahate haiM ki jo vastu jaisI hai to nahIM parantu usakA vaisI mAnanekA maukA AjAya / vyatirekadRSTAntAbhAsake bheda aurai udAharaNaH vyatireke'siddhayatirekAH paramANvindriyasukhAkAzavat // 44 // bhASArtha-vyatirekadRSTAntAbhAsake tIna bheda haiM vyatireka dvArA sAdhyavikala, sAdhanavikala aura ubhayavikala / pUrvake anumAnameM hI vyatirekase paramANukA dRSTAnta,sAdhyavikata hai kyoMki vaha puruSakRta nahI hai tathA indriyasukhakA dRSTAnta, sAdhanavikala hai kyoMki vaha mUrta nahIM hai aura prAkAzakA dRSTAnta, ubhayavikala hai kyoMka vaha puruSakRta nahIM hai aura mUrta bhI nahIM hai| bhAvArtha--jo dRSTAnta vyatirekavyApti arthAt sAdhyake abhAvameM sAdhanakA prabhAva dikhAkara diyA jAtA hai usako vyatirekadRSTAnta kahate hai usa vyatirekavyAptimeM do vastueM hotI hai eka sAdhyAbhAva, dUsarA saadhnaabhaav| phira jisa dRSTAntameM sAdhyAbhAva nahIM hogA vaha sAdhyase, aura jisameM sAdhanAbhAva nahIM hogA vaha sAdhana se, tathA jisameM donoM nahIM hoMge, vaha ubhayase rohata kahA jAyagA / inako sAdhyAbhAva ityAdise vikala na kahakara sAdhya Adise vikala,

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para parIkSAmukha ~ isalie kahate haiM ki vyatirekavyAptimeM sAdhyAbhAvahI sAdhya, aura sAdhanAbhAva hI sAdhana mAnA jAtA hai| aura bhI vyatirekadRSTAntAbhAsa hotA hai :viparItavyatirekazca yannAmUrta tnnaapaurusseym||46|| bhASArtha-pUrvokta anumAnameM, vyatireka dikhAte hue "jo amUrta nahIM hotA hai vaha apauruSeya bhI nahIM hotA hai" isaprakAra ulTA vyatireka dikhA denA bhI vyatirekadRSTAntAbhAsa hai| bhAvArtha-vyatirekameM sarvatra sAdhyAbhAvameM sAdhanAbhAva dikhAyA mAtA hai basa ; isase ulTA dikhAnemeM bijalI zrAdikeka sAtha pUrvakI taraha hI atiprasaMga hotA hai isalie vaha vyatirekadRSTAntAbhAsa hai| ... aba bAlaprayogAbhAsako dikhAte haiM:-. bAlaprayogAbhAsaH paJcAvayaveSu kiyaddhInatA // 46 // - bhASArtha-pratijJA, hetu, udAharaNA, upanaya aura nigamana ina pAMca anumAnake avayoM se kitane hI kama avayavAkA prayoga karanA bAlaprayogAbhAsa hai arthAt bAlakoMke lie pha~ThAprayoga hai| bhAvArtha-pAge svayaMhI granthAkAra kaheMge ki kama avayavoM vAle prayogase bAlakoMko jJAna nahIM hosakatA ; isalie vaha prayoga unake lie prayogAbhAsa kahA jAtA hai| usIko spaSTa karate haiM:agnimAnayaMdezo dhUmavatvAd yadityaM tadityaM yathA mahAnasaH // 67 // ................... . bhASArtha-yaha pradeza agnivAlA hai; kyoMki dhUmavAlA hai|

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bhASA - zratha / 83 mo dhUmatrAlA hotA hai vaha agnivAlA bhI hotA hai, jaise rasoIghara / athavA: - dhUmavAMzcAyamiti vA // 48 // bhASArtha - zrathavA itanA aura kahanA ki yaha bhI dhUmavAlA hai| bhASArtha - Uparaka sUtrameM tIna hI avayava kahe gaye haiM aura nacike sUtrameM upanaya milAkara cAra avayava dikhAye gaye haiM; parantu kama avayava donoMmeM haiM; isalie ve donoM hI bAlaprayogAbhAsa hai / ulTA prayoga karanA bhI bAlaprayogAbhAsa hotA hai :tasmAdagnimAn dhUmavAMzcAyam // 49 // bhASArtha -- dhUmatrAlA honese zrAnivAlA hai, aura yaha bhI dhUmavAlA hai / bhAvArtha -- dRSTAnta bolakara upanaya bolanA cAhie, ki usI taraha vaha bhI dhUmavAlA hai phira nigamana bolanA cAhie, ki isI se yaha zravazyahI agnivAlA hai / parantu isa sUtrama upanaya aura nigamana biparItatA se kahe gaye haiM isalie yaha ( sUtra ) bAlaprayogAbhAsa hai / isI meM hetu dete haiM : spaSTatayA prakRtapratipatterayogAt // 50 // i bhASArtha -- ina saba prayogoMse prakRta padArthoMkA arthAt prakaraNameM Ae hue padAthAkA spaSTa jJAna nahIM hotA hai / bhAvArtha - - Upara ke kahe hue saba prayoga isalie jhUThe haiM ki unase padArthoMkA ThIka 2 jJAna nahIM hotA hai / AgamAbhAsakA svarUpa : rAgadveSamohAkrAntapuruSavacanAjjAtamAgamAbhAsam 51 *

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parIkSAmukha W ay ag. F . M. . . bhASArtha-rAgI dveSI aura ajJAnI manuSyoM ke bacanoMse utpanna hue bhAgamako bhAgamAbhAsa kahate haiM / usIkA dRSTAnta dete haiM:yathA nadyAstIre modakarAzayaH santi dhAvadhvaM mANavakAH // 52 // bhASArtha-jaise ki "bAlako! daur3o, nadIke kinAre bahutase laha par3e hue haiM" ye vacana haiN| dUsarA yaha hai :aGgulyagre hastiyUthazatamAsta iti ca // 53 // bhASArtha-aura jisaprakAra yaha hai ki aMgulIke prAgeke hissepara hAthiyoMke sau samudAya rahate haiN| bhAvArtha--saba vastueM saba jagaha haiM, isaprakArake siddhAntako mAnanevAle sAMkhyoMkA, yaha siddhAnta hai| ___ inake bhAgamAbhAsa honemeM hetu :visaMvAdAt // 54 // bhASArtha-vivAda honeke kAraNa, ye bhAgamAbhAsa hai / arthAt inameM loga vivAda karate haiM isalie ye pAgama, ma~The haiN| bhAvArtha-inase logoMko yathArya padArthoMkA nirNaya nahIM hotA; isalie manamAnA gaDhanta gar3hate hue eka dUsareke viruddha kahakara vivAda kiyA karate haiM / isalie ye prAgama jhUThe haiN| 'isaprakAra pramANa-svarUpAbhAsakA varNana huaa|

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bhaassaa-mrth| aba pramANa saMkhyAbhAsakA varNana karate haiM:pratyakSamevaikaM pramANamityAdi saMkhyAbhAsam // 55 // bhASArtha-pratyakSa hI eka pramANa hai ityAdi.57veM meM sUtrase kahe hue sarva hI sakhyAbhAsaM haiN| ..... usImeM hetu dikhalAte haiM :___ lokAyatikasya pratyakSataH paralokAdiniSedhasya parabuddhyAdezvAsiddheratadviSayatvAt // 56 // . bhASArtha-cArvAkakA pratyakSahI eka pramANa mAnanA, isalie saMkhyAbhAsa hai ki kevala pratyakSase. paraloka zrAdikA niSedha aura para kI buddhi AdikI siddhi nahIM hosakatI hai kyoMki ve pratyakSa viSaya nahIM hai / aura aisA niyama hai ki no jisako viSaya nahIM karatA ; vaha usakA niSedha tathA vidhAna bhI nahIM kara sakatA hai| aba usIko dRSTAntase dRr3ha karate haiM :saugatasAMkhyayogaprAbhAkarajaiminIyAnAM pratyakSAnumAnAgamopamAnArthApattyAbhAvairekaikAdhikAptivat57 bhASArtha-jisaprakAra pratyakSa-anumAnako zrAdi lekara ekara adhika pramANase saugata (bauddha ) sAMkhya, yoga, prAbhAkara tathA naiminIya, vyApti ( avinAbhAva ) kA nirNaya nahIM karasakate haiM, usItaraha cArvAka bhI eka pratyakSa pramANase hI paraloka zrAdike niSedhako tathA parakI buddhi zrAdikI siddhiko, nahIM karasakatA hai| / bhAvArtha-saugata 2 sAMkhya 3 yoga 4 prAbhAkara 5 aura jaiminIya 6 pramANa mAnate haiM ve pramANa, pratyakSa anumAna 2

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parIkSAmukha zrAgama 3 upamAna 4 arthApatti 5 prabhAva 6 isaprakAra haiM basa ; sagita Adike nambaravAle, nambara taka saugata zrAdike pramANa samajhanA caahie| ina pramANoMse vyAptikA nirNaya nahIM hosakatA hai isakA savistara varNana dUsare granthoMse jAnanA cAhie / phira bhI cArvAkakA kahanA hai ki pratyakSase nahIM to anumAnase paraloka AdikA niSedha kara deveNge| uttara yaha hai :anumAnAdastadviSayatve prmaannaantrtvm||58|| bhASArtha -- yadi anumAnase paraloka zrAdikA niSedha tathA para kI buddhi zrAdikI siddhi karoge, to dUsarA anumAna -pramANa mAnanA par3egA / taba to pratyakSa hI eka pramANa mAnanA saMkhyAbhAsa hai; yaha bilakula spaSTa hojAyagA / usImeM dRSTAnta dete haiM: tarkasyeva vyAptigocaratve pramANAntaratvamapramANasyAvyavasthApakatvAt // 59 // 1 1 bhASArtha -- jaiso kI vyAptikA nirNaya karaneke liye saugatAdika ko eka bhinna hI tarka nAmakA pramANa mAnanA par3atA hai kyoMki unake mAnehue pramANa, vyAptikA niNarya nahIM karasakate haiM / jisako saMkSapesa pahale kahacuke haiM / yadi koI kahe ki tarkako mAnakara bhI pramANa nahIM mAneMge; kintu zrapramANa mAMna leveNge| taba to dUsarA pramANa nahIM mAnanA par3egA, isalie dRSTAnta viSama hai ? uttara yaha hai, ki "apramANasyAvyasthApakatvAt" arthAt jo svayaM apramANa ( jhUThA ) hotA hai vaha ThIka 2 padArthoM kI vyavasthA arthAt padArthoMkA nirNaya nahIM karasakatA hai |

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bhaassaa-arth| wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww dUsarA hetu yaha hai:-- pratibhAsabhedasya ca bhedakatvAt // 60 // bhASArtha--pratibhAsa bheda hI pramANake bhedoMko siddhakaratA hai arthAta jisane jitane pramANa mAne haiM unase adhika pramANoMkI siddhi ke lie eka vilakSaNa pratibhAsa hI sAkSI hai| bhAvArtha-jinhoMne 2-3-4-5-6 inameMse koIbhI saMkhyAvAle pramANa mAne haiM una sabake lie vyAptiko viSaya karanevAlA tarkapramANa, pratibhAsa bhedase arthAt vilakSaNa pratibhAsa honese mAnanA hI par3egA; kyoMki pratibhAsa bhedase hI pramANoMkA bheda mAnA jAtA hai / isaprakAra saMkhyAbhAsakA varNana huaa| aba pramANa-viSayAbhAsakA svarUpa kahate haiM:viSayAbhAsaH sAmAnyaM vizeSo vyaM vA svatantram // 61 // bhASArtha-kevala sAmAnya (dravya) ko hI athavA kevala vizeSa (paryAya ) ko hI athavA donoMrUpa padArthako mAnakarabhI svatantratAse eka 2 ko pramANakA viSaya mAnanA, viSayAbhAsa hai| bhAvArtha-sAMkhya, paryAyarahita kevala dravya ( sAmAnya ) ko hI aura bauddha dravyAMza rahita kevala paryAya (vizeSa ) ko hI pramANakA viSaya mAnate haiM tathA naiyAyika aura vaizeSika sAmAnya aura vizeSa svarUpa padArthako mAnakara bhI, sAmAnya tathA vizeSako eka dUsarekI sahAyatA rahita svatantratAse pramANakA viSaya.mAnate hai / parantu pramANa kA viSaya aisA hai nahIM ; isalie ve saba viSayAbhAsa haiN|

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parIcAmukha usImeM hetu dete haiM:tathApratibhAsanAtkAryAkaraNAcca // 62 // bhASArtha kyoMki kevala sAmAnyarUpase aMthavA vizeSarUpase vastukA pratibhAsa hI nahIM hotA hai tathA kevala sAmAnyarUpa athavA kevala vizeSarUpa padArthase arthakriyA nahIM hosakatI hai| isalie ve viSayAbhAsa hai| . bhAvArtha--sAmAnya-vizeSarUpa hI padArthakA pratibhAsa hotA hai tathA vaisA hI padArtha apane kArya (artha-kriyA) karanemeM samartha hotA hai anya, sAmAnyarUpa athavA vizeSarUpa padArtha nahIM; isalie ve viSayAbhAsa kahe jAte haiN| ___ agara koI kahe ki, ve padArtha ( ekAntarUpa padArtha ) apanA kArya karasakate haiM, to hama unase pUchate haiM, ki ve svayaM samartha hote hue kArya karate haiM? yA asamartha ? / ina donoM pakSoM se pahale samarthapakSakA khaNDana karate haiM: samarthasya karaNe srvdotpttirnpeksstvaat||63|| bhASArtha-yadi vaha padArtha samartha hotA huzrA kArya karatA hai to nirantara hI kAryakI utpatti honI cAhie; kyoMki vaha dUsare kisI kI apekSA hI nahIM rakhatA hai jisase ki kArya karanemeM ruka jAya / bhAvArtha-jo svayaM samartha hotA hai vaha apane kAryameM kisIkI madada nahIM cAhatA hai| kyoMki madadakI z2arUrata usIko hotI hai jo samartha nahIM hotA hai; isalie usako nirantara kAryakaranA caahie|

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bhaassnry| NNNN yAde yaha kaho ki sahakArI kAraNoMke milajAne parahI vaha (padArtha) kArya karatA hai to:-.. parApekSaNe pariNAmitvamanyathA tdbhaavaat||64|| bhAvArtha-dUsara padArthokI apekSA rakhanese vaha pariNAmI . mAnA jAyagA; kyoMki pariNAmIpaneke binA yaha ho hI nahIM sakatA hai, ki ekAkI to kArya na kareM aura milakara kArya kreN| bhAvArtha-jo pahale kArya nahIM karatA thA vaha yadi kinhIM kAraNoMke milane para kArya karane lagajAya ; to yahI kahanA hogA, ki yaha kAryarUpa pariNata hogayA hai arthAt pahale kAryarUpa pariNata nahIM thA aura aba hogayA hai, basa ; isIko pariNAmApanA kahate haiN| aba dUsare asamarthapakSakA khaNDana karate haiM:svayamasamarthasyAkArakatvAtpUrvavat // 65 // bhASArtha-jo svayaM asamartha hai vaha kAryoMko kara hI nahIM sakatA hai kyoMki vaha kArya karanevAlA nahIM hai, jaise usI kI pahalI avasthA ( hAlata ) / bhAvArtha-jo svayaM asamartha hai vaha sau sahakArI milane para bhI kisI kAryako nahIM kara sakatA hai| isaprakAra viSayAbhAsakA varNana huaa| aba phalAbhAsakA varNana karate haiM:-- - phalAbhAsaM pramANAdAbhinna bhinnamavavA // 66 // . , bhASArtha-pramANase phala (ajJAnakI nivRtti) ko sarvaSA bhinna hI tathA sarvathA abhinna hI mAnanA, phalAbhAsa hai|

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parIkSAmukha aba pahale sarvathA abhedapanameM dUSaNa dikhAte haiM:abhede tadvayavahArAnupapatteH // 67 // to bhASArtha --- yadi pramANase phala sarvathA zrabhinna hI mAnA jAyagA ; yaha pramANa hai tathA yaha phala hai, isaprakAra bhinna vyavahAra nahIM bana sakegA / yadi kaho ki hama (bauddha) kalpanA se pramANa aura phala kA vyavahAra kara levaMge, so bhI nahIM bana sakatA hai: vyAvRsyApi na tatkalpanA phalAntarAdvayAvRtyAsphalatvaprasaMgAt // 68 // bhASArtha -- phalakI vyAvRttise bhI, phalakI kalpanA nahIM hosakatI haiM; kyoMki jisaprakAra aphalakI vyAvRttise phalakI kalpanA hogI, usI prakAra dUsare samAna jAtivAle phalakI vyavRttise phala kI hI kalpanA kyoM na ho jAyagI ? bhAvArtha -- kalpanAmAtrase phala vyavahAra nahIM ho sakatA hai / - usImeM dRSTAnta dete haiM:pramANAntaradvayAvRtyevApramANatvasya // 69 // bhASArtha - jisaprakAra dUsare samAna jAtivAle pramANa kI vyAvRttise zrapramANatA mAnanI par3atI hai / bhAvArtha - bauddha, pramANase vyAvRttirUpa pramANako mAnate hai vahAM para yaha doSa upasthita hotA hai ki jisataraha apramANakI vyAvRttise pramANa kahanA cAhate ho usItaraha dUsare pramANoM

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bhaassaa-mrth| kI vyAvRttise apramANa bhI kyoM nahIM kaha dete, basa, isIkA dRSTAnta yahAM de diyA hai| ina doSoMke dUra karaneke liye bhedapakSa mAnanA cAhiye / sohI kahate haiM:tasmAdAstavo bhedaH // 70 // bhASArtha-isaliye pramANa aura phalameM vAstava bheda hai| yahAM naiyAyika kahatA hai ki phira sarvathA bheda hI mAna lenA cAhiye / usake uttarameM prAcArya kahate haiM:bhede tvAtmAntaravattadanupapatteH // 71 // bhASArtha-sarvathA bheda pakSameM arthAt pramANase phalako sarvathA bhinna mAnane meM yaha doSa AtA hai ki jisataraha dUsarI AtmAke pramANakA phala, vaise hI hamArI prAtmAke pramANakA phala, donoM barAvara hI ho jAyage / phira vaha phala, hamAre pramANa kA hai aura dUsarekI aAtmAke pramANakA nahIM ; yaha kaise ho sakatA hai| kahane kA prayojana yaha hai ki dUsarI prAtmAke pramANakA phala jaise hamArI AtmAke pramANakA phala nahIM kahalAtA hai usItaraha sarvathA bhinna honese hamArI AtmAke pramANakA phalabhI hamArA nahIM khlaabegaa| bhAvArtha-sarvathA bhedameM yaha nahIM ho sakatA hai ki yaha amuka kA hai kyoMki aisA kisI na kisI sambandha hone parahI hotA hai, nahIM to sahyAcalaparvatakA viMdhyAcalaparvata bhI kyoM na kahA jaaygaa| , phira bhI naiyAyika kahatA hai ki jisa AtmAmeM pramANa

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parIkSAmukha samavAyasambandhase rahegA, usImeM kalabhI samavAyase rahegA ; taba to samavAyarUpa pratyAsatti (sambandha ) se isa pramANakA yaha phala hai aisI vyavasthA hojaaygii| AcArya uttara dete haiM: samavAye'tiprasaGgaH // 72 // bhASArtha - yadi samavAya mAna kara doSa vAraNa karoge; to atiprasaMga hojAyagA arthAt tumhAre yahAM samavAya nitya aura vyApaka padArtha mAnA gayA hai phira usase yaha nirNaya kaise hogA, ki isI zrAtmAmeM yaha pramANa athavA phala, samavAyasambandhase rahatA hai dUsarI zrAtmAmeM nahIM ? bhAvArtha - jaba samavAyaM nitya aura vyApaka hai arthAt meha aura saba jagaha rahatA hai, to usase yaha nirNaya nahIM hAsakatA, ki amuka AtmA ke pramANakA yaha phala hai anyakA nahIM / aba apane pakSa ke sAdhanakI tathA parake pakSameM dUSaNa danekI vyavasthAko dikhAte hai:pramANatadAbhAsA duSTatayodbhAvitau parihRtAparihRtadoSau vAdinaH sAdhanatadAbhAsau prativAdinodUSaNabhUSaNe ca // 73 // --- bhASArtha - - vAdIne pramANa bolA, usakA prativAdIne duSTatA se udbhAvana kara diyA; pIche yadi vAdIne parihAra kara diyA to vAdI ke lie vaha sAdhana ho jAyagA aura prativAdI ke lie dUSaNa ho jAyagA / aura jaba vAdone pramANAbhAsa bolA, usakA prativAdIne duSTatAse udbhAvana kara diyA aura phira yadi vAdIne usakA

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bhASA artha / parihAra nahIM kara pAyA to vAdI ke lie vaha sAdhanAbhAsa ho jAyagAH aura prativAdI ke lie bhUSaNa ho jAyagA / 23 1 bhAvArtha -- jo apane pakSa para zrAe hue dUSaNoMkA parihAra karake apane pakSako siddha kara degA usIkI vijaya hogI aura dUsare kA parAjaya hogA / apane pakSako siddha kara lenA aura parake pakSama dUSaNa de denA, yahI pramANa aura pramANAbhAsa jAnanekA phala hai / pramANakI parIkSA karake aba yaha dikhAte haiM ki nayAdi tatvoM kA svarUpa dUsare granthoM meM kahA hai:sambhavadanyadvicAraNIyam // 74 // - bhASArtha - praNAmase bhinna, nayAdi tatvoM kA svarUpa dUsare zAstroMse jAnanA cAhiye / mUla naya do haiM eka dravyArthika dUsarA paryAyArthika | unameM bhI dravyArthikanaya ke tIna bheda hai| naigama, saMgraha aura vyavahAra / paryAyArthikanaya ke cAra bheda haiN| RjusUtra, zabda, samabhirUr3ha aura evaMbhUta / antima paricchedakA sArAMza / isa pariccheda meM pramANAbhAsa, pratyakSAbhAsa, parokSAbhAsa, smaraNAbhAsa, pratyabhijJAnabhAsa, tarkAbhAsa aura anumAnAbhAsa ke bheda, pakSAbhAsa, hetvAbhAsa, dRSTAntAbhAsa, bAlaprayogAbhAsa tathA zrAgamAbhAsa aura pramANasaMkhyAbhAsa, pramANaviSayAbhAsa, tathA pramANaphalAbhAsakA varNana hai / yahAM zrabhAsa nAma jhUThe kA jAnanA cAhiye / pIche jinakA nirNaya ho cukA hai ve pramANa sacce haiM kyoMki unameM koI doSa nahIM zrAtA *

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14 parIkSAmukha hai aura inameM doSa upasthita hote haiM isaliye ye pha~The haiN| isaprakAra zrAbhAsIkA varNana samApta huaa| ____iti SaSThaH pricchedH| sUtrakArakA antima vaktavyaHparIkSAmukhamAdarza, heyopAdeyatasvayoH / savide mAdRzobAlaH parIkSAdakSavavyadhAm // 1 // bhASArtha--jisataraha parAkSA karanemeM kuzala puruSa, apane . prArambha kie huye kAryako pUrA karake hI chor3ate haiM usItaraha apane sArakhe mandabuddhi bAlakoMko heya ( tyAgane yogya) aura upAdeya (grahaNa karane yogya ) padArthoM kA jJAna karAneke liye darpaNake samAna, isa parIkSAmukha granthakA zurU karake maiMne pUrAkiyA hai| ... bhAvArtha--jisataraha darpaNa, bhUSaNoMse maNDita puruSakI sundaratA aura virUpatAko sUcita kara detA hai usItaraha yaha padArtha chor3ane yogya hai tathA yaha grahaNa karane yogya hai, isaprakAra yaha grantha bhI batalA detA hai / isaliye isako darpaNa kI upamA dI gaI hai| ||smaapto'yN granthaH // Printed by Pandya Gulab Shankar, at the Tara Printing Works, Benares!

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taraGga sAgara! taraGgasAgara!! (sacitra) mAsika patra jismeM upanyAsika, aitihAsika, jAsUsa, hAsya, nATakIya-viSaya kautUhala yukta DimAI 8 pejI sAija (AkAra) kA cikane kAgaja para suMdara bambaI akSaroM meM tArA priMTiMga varsa se mahIne 2 prakAzita hotA hai| yaha pAThakoM ke lie ati rocaka hai / isa saMkhyA meM amIraalI Thaga kA sacA vRttAnta aura salImA begama kA aslI dAstAna par3hanehI yogya hai / vArSika mUlya DAka vyaya sahita 2) rupyaa| esa. sI. benarajI, myAnejara, tArA prinTiMga varksa, banArasa sittii| parIkSAmukha pustaka, milaneke pate: (1) ghanazyAmadAsa jana, syAdvAd mahAvidyAlaya, kaashii| (2) baMzIdhara jaina, mAsTara, bur3havAra (lalitapura) AptaparIkSAbhASA bhI hamAre yahAM milatI hai|)