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INTRODUCTION
$115. Gerundives: jīvevae 2 8 4, parihevae 2 8 4, pievae 2 12 5, jievāho
ruevāho 7 8 8. $116. Compound verbs:
There are several instances of compounding a participal with a verbal form to express tense-variation. Thus past passive participle is combined either with asi 'was' to express a past perfect sense or with 'si to express a present perfect sense.
kahiu āsi 'had been told' 1 12 8. kiu āsi 'had been committed' 2 13 9b. pesiya asi ‘had been sent 2 15 1. samappiu asi 'had been made over' 4 4 9a. vuttau asi 'had been said' 5 5 5. jão asi 'had been born' 6 15 2. giliya ūsi 'would have been swallowed' 19 8 10b. nimmantio 'si 'you have been invited' 16 13 5.
dhukko 'si 'you have approached' 10 10 8. $117. The order of the members of a compound is altered according to metrical convenience. Note the following instances:
kammatthao- 1 1 4, vaya-pañcao. 1 1 5, accanta-mahanta
patta-siva- 11 11, puccha-paihara- 6 11 5, langūla-paihara6 11 8, bhava-saṁsāra-mahannava-ņāsiya- 5 16 3, pavarabhuva-phaliha-dīha 7 5 1.
nukko 'si*? you he
$117.
VII Some Syntactical Remark s. $118. In Bharahesara-Vahuvali vi te vi, asannaim dhukkaim valaim ve vi 4 4 7 the common predicate of the compound subject takes the gender of the following member.
Case usages. $119. Instrumental: a) Inst. instead of Loc.: dāhina-bhāem Bharahu thakku 1 11 8a..
Bharata was situated in the Southern division.' b) Inst. absolute for Loc. absolute: paim hontena, havantu asesaim 2 10 8; dhammeň
hontaena, deva vi seva karanti 6 14 9a; nīsarień pura
paramesarena, nisariya vīra 12 7 8. $120. Genitive: The Ap. Gen. has a very wide province. It has usurped the
functions of several other cases. a) As Dat. is lost as a rule in MIA., verbs of giving govern
Gen.: tujjhu āsi samappiu 4 4 9a; tam taho dei 3 12 5; samappevi nandanaho 6 8 5; mālau naraho uvasoha denti
6 3 4 Another Dat. usage: haum punu jāmi, thāmi niya-kajjaho
5 14 1. b) Verbs of motion govern Gen. of goal:
Risahu gau nivvanaho 4 14 9a, Ajiya-bhadārau gau nivvāņaho 5 10 2, gau ņiya-pattanaho 6 8 5, turangamu gayau pacchima-bhāyaho 5 4 1, Kikkapuresaraho lehu gau 6 16 3, sariyau dhoyanti salilu rayanāyaraho 6 3 3, jasu dhukkai, so so lei nāsu 7 5 7.
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