Jaina Gazette 1928

Author(s): Ajitprasad, C S Mallinath
Publisher: Jaina Gazettee Office

Page 50

JIVA
205 Moksha' • Punya' and Papa.' In consideration of these nine Tattvas or categories, the Jaina thinkers talk of the nine subdivisions of the Soul.
That which is characterised by its attribute of consciousness, is the Jiva or Soul.
What is other than the Jiva is the Ajiva or Non-soul. It has five modes viz, Pudgala,' . Kala', 'Akasa,'' Dharma 'and • Adharma' 'Varna' (colour), 'Gandha' (smell), · Rasa '(taste), and 'Spursa' (touch) are the four Gunas or attributes of Pudgala and 'Sabda' (sound), Samsthana' (form) 'Sukshma' (minute).
Sthula' (gross), Bandha' (unity), Tamas' (darkness). chhaya' (shade). · Atapa ' (heat). Udyota ' (revealing without being hot) and ' Bheda' (separateness).—are the various modes or states of Pudgala. 'Kala'or Time itself is inactive; but it is on account of it that things are variously modified i.e., (1) do acts of moving from place to place. (2) move from one state to another. (3) and (4) are considered 'great' or 'small' etc., in relation to one another. The mutation of things is due to Time. What reveals all things, is self-revealed and gives space to all substances e.g. Soul etc., is Akasa or space. 'Dharma' is what helps the motion of a soul or a matter, just as water does that of a moving fish. ‘Adharma,' on the contrary, helps a stopping soul or matter in its stoppage, just as ground does a stopping cow.
'Asrava' means a door-way' or a 'channel.' The passage through which water finds its way into a tank is called ' Asrava ': in the same way, the principle through which Pudgala flows into the Jiva has been called Asrava in Jaina philosophy. Jiva and Pudgala are mixed up from the beginningless time. Pudgala comes and goes; it is always unstable : and hence the body which is made up of Pudgala is also unstable. Like the Body, the Mind and the Words are always wanting in stability. These unstabilities viz., of the Body, the Mind and the words are called in Jaina philosophy, Kaya Yoga' Mano-Yoga' and 'VachanaYoga,' respectively. On account of these three forms of the Yoga or Torpor, Karma flows into the soul. 'Yoga' is thus Asrava. The Jainas consider two forms of the Asrava,' called the Karmasrada and Bhavastada. The water which comes into the pond through
27 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat