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THE JAINA GAZETTE
(5) The Utsarga--, or Parishthapanika Samiti regulates the action of disposing of things, such as old clothes, broken vessels, excrements saliva etc., under the same motivation as before. Since every action of disposing of things is necessarily connected with some injury, it should be avoided as far as possible. This is why e.g. Jain ascetics never accept more food than they can expect to eat at a time.
All the five Samitis, though they can be strictly observed only by ascetics, are of some influence also in the daily life of Sravakas. A devoted Sravaka will, e.g., avoid treading on green grass, he will always ascertain the ritual purity of whatever eatables are put before him, he will never leave a vessel filled with a liquid substance uncovered; nor will he ever use an open light, for fear lest insects might rush into it and be killed, nor will he ever be seen spitting about him without regard to place and circumstances.
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C. The Three Guptis.
The three Guptis are Regulations with reference to controlling one's inner nature, i.e. they are dictated by the principle of self-control.
(1) The first of them is the Mano-Gupti, by which the mind is to be controlled, either in the shape of Akusala Nivritti," i.e., exclusion of both grievous and cruel thoughts, or in the shape of "Kusala-Pravritti, " i e., giving room only to pure thoughts, or in that of "Yoga-Nirodha," i.e. complete suppression of all mental activity whatsoever, a stage which only the omniscient ascetic can fully reach.
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(2) The second Gupti is the Vag-Gupti, i.e. Regulation of Speech. It consists either in "Maunavalambha, " i.e., taking and keeping the vow of silence for a certain time, or in "Vag-Niyama,' i.e., speaking only as much as is absolutely
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necessary.
(3) The third Gupti is the Kaya-Gupti, i.e. Regulation of one's bodily activity. It consists either in "Cheshta-Nivritti," i.e., stopping all physical activity for a certain time, as far as it is in one's power, or in "Yathasutra cheshta-Pravritti", i.e. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat
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