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THE JAINA GAZETTE
way of cultivating the respective spirit, viz: that of endurance that the layman may be willing and able to put these rules into action, whereas most of them act at least some part in the daily life of the ascetic.
D. The Ten Virtues. The next class of prescriptions comprises the “ Dasavidha Yati-dharma," i.e. the ten-fold duty of the striver after Moksha, which consists in the cultivation of the following ten virtues :
1. Forgiveness, 2. Humility, 3. Candour, 4. Non-covetousness, 5. Austerity, 6. Restraint, with reference to the Great Vows (which will be treated later), to the activity of the five senses, to the four great passions (which have been dealt with before), and with reference to the activities of thinking speaking, and acting, 7. Truthfulness, 8. Interior and Exterior Cleanliness, 9. Total Lack of Property, and 10. Abstinence from all Sexual activity, in whatever form.
To some extent, all these virtues can be cultivated by the Sravaka too, in whom at least several of them appear distinctly, such as e.g., the spirit of forgiveness and humility, which sometimes manifests itself in touching forms, or the virtue of Cleanliness, whose exterior variety can be seen in fullest display in the Jain house and the Jain Temple, which latter has become proverbial for its neatness, and the slightest uncleanliness of which would be counted as a downright defilement,
E. The Twelve Reflections. The next group of ethical rules form the Twelve Bhavanas, i.e., Reflections, which one should constantly turn over in one's mind. They are as follows:
1. Beauty, Fortune, Love, and all that exists is transitory. Therefore, nothing is worth striving after but the permanent happiness of Moksha.
2. In the face of pain and death, man is completely helpless. Therefore, one should endeavour to make them cease, by
annihilating one's Karma. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat
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