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THE JAINA GAZETTE
first vow, namely, the ahimsa anu vrata. Somadeva Suri (see the Yasastilaka Champu) and Sri Devasenacharya (see the Bhava Sangraha) only mention the refraining from five kinds of ' udambara' fruits and the three makaras (things beginning with the letter m). namely, mansa (flesh), madya (wine) and madhu (honey), as constituting the 8 mula gunas. This is also the view of Kavi Raja Malla (see the Panchadhyayi and the Lati Sangraha). Sri Amitgati Acharya mentions in his Upasakachara, the 3 makaras, the 5 udambaras and the refraining from food at night as the mula gunas. The number in this case comes to 9. Pt. Ashadharji gives the refraining from 1, stale (foul) butter, 2. food at night, 3. unstrained water, 4-8 the five udambaras, and 9-11 the three makaras as the mula gunas in one place, and in another mentions 1-5 the five udambaras 6 stuti (daily worship), 7 mercy (ahimsa), 8 straining water, and 9-1 the avoidance of the three makaras in their place (see the Sagara Dharmamrita). Both Sri Samantabhadracharya (the author of the Ratnakaranda Sravakachara) and Sri Sivakoti Acharya (see the Ratnamala) hold the 8 mula gunas to comprise the 5 anu vratas and the 3 makaras. Sri Jinasenacharya, the author of the Adi Purana, takes the same view of the mula gunas, except that he omits madhu (honey), but substitutes gambling in its place. bably due to the exigencies of the time and the temperaments of the different men.
All this was proplace, and also to
The Swetambara works know nothing about the mula gunds. In the description of their second guna vrata, the bhogopa bhoga parimana vow, they have enumerated the mula gunas (as they are known to the Digambaris). The Sravaka Prajnapati, ascribed to Sri Umasvati Acharya, does not even once refer to the mula gunas; but the commentator (Sri Haribhadra Suri), has dealt with them in his explanations. According to Hemchandracharya (see the Yogasara), the pious house-holder should refrain from and give up the following: the three makaras, stale butter, the five udambaras, things that are the abode of more souls than one, food at night, preparations of pulses (and milk products), edible flowers, foul curds, rotting grain, and the like.
Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat
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