Jaina Gazette 1928

Author(s): Ajitprasad, C S Mallinath
Publisher: Jaina Gazettee Office

Page 99

190
THE JAINA GAZETTE attends to the Dravya-Nirvritti aspect of the Indriya ; this attention is Upayoga. Labdhi is due to the annihilation and the mitigation of the knowledge-enveloping Karma : the knowledge by the sense-organs is impossible without Labdbi. Sensuous knowledge is impossible, again, until and unless there is Upayoga,– unless and until, that is to say, there is some subjective effort (attention to have the sensuous knowledge. Labdhi and Upayoga are the aspects of the soul and means to its knowledge ; hence these are called the Bhavendriyas or subjective senses.
The organs of 'touch', 'taste', 'smell', 'vision' and 'hearing' are the five sense-organs. Like these sease organs, the Mind (Manas) also is an instrument of knowledge; it is known as the 'No-Indriya' or ' Anindriya, Touch, taste, odour, colour and sound are the objects of the five sense-organs respectively. The object of the Mind is Scriptural knowledge. Besides this, Mind is an assistant to all the senses. The philosophers of the Vaiseshika, the Nyaya, the Mimansa and the Sankhya schools maintain that the perceptions of objects take place when the sense-organs come in contact with those objects, according to them, all the five sense-organs are thus Prapyakari or 'capable of coming in contact with objects.' The Buddhist thinkers contend, on the contrary, that the organs of vision and hearing cannot be Prapyakari. The Jaina theory, however, is that all the senseorgans save and except the Eyes are capable of coming in contact with their objects. Manasa-jnana or Mental Perception arises without the Mind coming in contact with the external objects.
The one-sensed soul has the organ of touch only; the twosensed animal can touch and taste; the three-sensed creature is possessed of the powers of touching, tasting and smelling; a foursensed soul's organs are those of touch, taste, smell and vision ; mindless five-sensed animal has the organ of hearing in addition to the above four sense-organs; the minded five-sensed soul is possessed of the five sense-organs and the mind.
The one-sensed animals are divided into two kinds viz., the Badara (i.e., gross) and Sukshma (i.c., minute). Besides this
division, the one-sensed souls have another division which Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat