Jain Tark Bhasha

Author(s): Yashovijay Upadhyay,
Publisher: Motilal Banarasidas

Page 81

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Jaina-Tarka-Bhasa fication of the thesis etc. should be stated to a man who does not agree with regard to the nature of the thesis etc. and thus, the cause can have even ten parts.
[19. Treatment of the Varieties of Cause]
*52. This cause is two-fold: positive and negative. The positive is also two-fold: that which proves something positive and that which proves something negative. The former of these is of six types, to elaborate-some cause is determinate concomitant only e.g. the word is non-eternal because it is created by effort. Though all causes are determinate concomitant, yet here this variety has been separately accepted as being different from the rest of the varieties as cause viz. effect etc. Thus, the inference that this is tree because it is simšapā'(Dalbergia sissoo) will also be included in it. Some causes are effect e.g., this mountain consists of fire because, otherwise the fact of containing smoke cannot be justified. Here smoke which is the effect of the fire and cannot be justified in its absence, makes the fire known. Some causes are in the form of cause (as against the effect) e. g., there would be rain because otherwise a particular type of cloud could not have been there; here that particular cloud being the cause of the rain makes the rain, which is its effect, known. Certainly, if it is said that the cause is possible even without its effect and is, therefore, not an indicator of the effect and, therefore, the fire does not indicate the smoke; it is true; but where it is possible to ascertain that all other causes are also co-operating and there is no hindrance in its capability, there alone the cause can also be the indicator of the cffcct. Some cause precedes e. g., sakața would rise because otherwise the rise of krttikā would not have been there. Here, after the rise of the křttikā the rise of the sakata takes place immediately after it without exception and, therefore, the krttik. indicates the rise of the sakata as its predecessor cause. Some cause is the successor e. g., Bharaṇi rose before, because krttikā is rising. Here, the rise of the křttikā, which succeeds the rise of the Bharaṇī, indicates it. These two (the predecessor and the successor) are different from the cause and the effect