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THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
[SEPTEMBER, 1880.
comes to close about 1505 A.D. before the capture of Herat in 1507, and only five years after Sheibani's first appearance before Samarkand in 1500.
The next paper is a translation by Dr. Kern of the two separate edicts of Asoka at Dhauli and Jaugada, to which we shall bave occasion to refer elsewhere.
This is followed by a "Grammatical Sketch of the Kakhyen Language” by the Rev. J. N. Cushing, of the American Baptist Mission, Rangoon. Kakhyen is the Burman name for the Singpho or Chingpau people occupying the mountainous tract stretching from Upper Asåm across Northern Burma into the Chinese province of Yu-nan.
The last paper is "Notes on the Libyan Languages" by Prof. F. W. Newman.
In the Journal Asiatique for February March, April 1880, M Clermont Ganneau continues his notes on "La Coupe Phénicienne de Palestrina et l'une des sources de l'art et de la Mythologio Helléniques."-M. Maspero gives the first part of a study of certain pictures and Egyptian texts relating to Funerals.-M. C. de Harlez gives his fifth paper on the "Origines da Zoroastrisme,"
treating of the Fravashis; the inferior evil genii - Yatus, Pairikas, Kayadhas, Kngaredhas, Jahis, and Ashem-oghas; Mazdean eschatology; and Zoroaster and the legends.-M. Sauvaire publishes the first part of his Materials for the History of Musalman Numismatics and Metrology.-M. le Marquis de Vogué has an interesting note on the form of the tomb of Eshmanazar, king of Sidon, whose inscribed sarcophagus is one of the most valuable remains preserved in the Louvre, with an attempt to translate the l'hoenician legend engraved on it. This is followed by the first part of a masterly study by M. Senart on the inscriptions of Piyadasi, to which we shall refer at length at a later page. The number closes with the Proceedings and Book Notices. In the number for May-June, M. Maspero concludes his study on Egyptian funerary paintings; M. Sauvaire continues his Materials'; and M. Senart his inscriptions of Piyadasi; while M. St. Guyard gives his fifth series of Notes on Assyrian Lexicography, The Proceedings are followed by translations of the Van inscriptions by M. Guyard and several Babylonian records by M. Oppert.
BOOK NOTICES. A COMPARATIVE GRAMMAR OF THE GAUDIAN LANGUAGES,
which the other languages have been grouped with special reference to the Eastern Hindi. By A. F. R. under ench subject in separate paragraphs headed Hoernle. (Trübner & Co.: 1880.)
"affinities" and "derivation," an arrangement In vols. XLI. to XLIII. (1872-1) of the Journal which does not in the least detract from the merits of the Asiatic Society of Bengal Dr. Hoernle brought of the book as a Comparative Grammar of all the out a series of essays on the Gaudian (i. e., Sans- Gaudian languages. As regards the important kritic) languages of N. India, which attracted a linguistical results of Dr. Hoernle's investigations, great deal of attention among oriental philologists. we must forbear following him through the These essays were subsequently expanded and laborious processes and ingenious combinations completed by the author, who by a continued and by which he has been enabled to formulate them. more matured study of the subject was enabled to The historical development of the languages is introduce a number of modifications, corrections, briefly summed up as follows:- Four periods may and additions. The book at the head of this notice be distinguished in the linguistic history of India. is thus the outcome of many years' labour in this First, when the Magadhi tongue in some form particular field of enquiry, and not only contains was the only Aryan vernacular in North India. within a comparatively small compass & vast Secondly, when the Sauraseni tongue existed amount of information, but also shows the trained there beside the Magadhi, the one occupying the philologist by the scientific method and the spirit north-western, the other the south-eastern half. of incisive research by which it is pervaded. Dr. Thirdly, when these were broken up, each into two Hoernle rightly lays great stress on the dialectical speeches, the W. and N. Gaudian, and the E. and varieties of the spoken languages and on the forms S. Gaudian. Fourthly, when these four speeches of speech exhibited by them, and claims a full were subdivided into the several Gaudian lanshare of importance for the fact that "in most guages. The last period is that now prevailing." cases adjoining languages and dialects pass into Concerning their philological classification, Dr. each other so imperceptibly that the determination Hoernle has arrived at the following conclusions :of the limits of each will always remain more "Since Bangali and Oriya are accounted separate or less a matter of doubt and dispute." As the languages from Eastern Hindi, and Panjabi, work was originally intended to be a grammar of Gujarati and Sindhf from Western Hindi, a fortiori Eastern Hindi, this language has been allowed to Eastern Hindi and Western Hindi must be conremain the centre of the author's researches roundsidered as distinct languages, and not merely as
