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258
THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
Amyntas-a frequent Makedonian name, also of several companions of Alexander, one of whom was Satrap of Baktria (Arrian, Justin). Antialkides. Antimakhos (II).
Apollodotos or perhaps Apollodoros, a Satrap of Babylonia, strategos of Susiana. Apollophane s-Satrap of the Orites or Gedrosians (Arrian).-A Pydnaan. Arkhebios. Artemidoros.
Diomedes.
Dionysius-a frequent name also in Makedonia. A friend of Ptolemaios Soter.-A Dionysius is sent to India during the reign of Ptolemaeus II. Philadelphos.
Epander.
Hermaios.
Kalliope:-town in Parthia.
Hippos tratos-a Makedonian Arrian); a commander of Antigonos in Media (Diod. and others); Governor for Lysimakhos in the Ionian towns. (Recently found inscription.)
Lysias-oftener in Syria; officer of Seleukos (Polyæn.) Guardian of Antiokhos Eupator, and others.
Menander-a Menander of Magnesia (hence like Euthydemos) one of the Hetairoi and officer of Alexander and after his death in Lydia (Arrian, Justin); another companion of Alexander (Plutarch).
Nikias-one of the officials of Alexander (Arrian). A relative of king Ptolemaios, and of others; a Makedonian.
Philoxenos,*-Alexander's
Governor in Fonia and Susiana, &c. (Arrian and others); Alexander writes to a Philoxenos (Arrian); son of Ptolemaios Alorites (Plut).
Strato-son of the prince of Aradus ; prince of Sidon; a historian who describes the war of Perseus. Telephos-a Makedonian, one of the Hetairoi of Alexander (Arrian).
Theophilos.
Zoilos-a rhetorician who lived at Amphipolis in Makedonia; a coin-engraver or official of king Perseus; Zoilus from Beroea (in Makedonia ? -Arrian.)
"We have 28 names in all (besides women); eleven of these are stated to have been names of companions of Alexander, natives of Makedonia and of other provinces; some to have been even satraps in Baktrian districts, whilst others occur among the Diadochoi and in Makedonia. As already observed, nothing can be proved, but nobody will
This king is thus properly called: Philoxenes, as the word is almost everywhere spelt, is nothing. We find in books even Lysius instead of Lysias, also transcripts such as Menandrus, Alexandrus; Antialkidas, Azas &c.,
[OCTOBER, 1880.
deny that an examination like the above is important, especially as rare names, such as Telephos, occur, which is a genuine Makedonian name, and Herakles, the Makedonian chief god, is the father of Telephus. Also the coin of Zoilus with Heracles' head, club and bow, resembling the copper-money of Alexander, may point to Makedonia, and perhaps even to Alexander."
Again (p. 51) he remarks:-"The close connection with the adjoining Parthian realm appears from the Parthian names of many, sovereigns, such as Vonones, Abdagases (in Tacitus the name of a Parthian dynast), Pakores (sic), and lastly even an Arsakes who belonged according to the coinage also to the Azes kingdom. Different from this is the unique coin (a square copper coin) of the Berlin collection, with the Arsakidan typical horse, bow and quiver, used precisely in the same manner already by Maues, and which I ascribe with confidence to a Bactro-Indian Arsakes feós who uses only Greek, not Aryan, and may in spite of the w, e and C belong to a tolerably good ago. The king Yn dopheres, also Gondophares, &c. is the only one of these Partho-Baktrian reigns known to us with certainty from an Aryan inscription, which is to be examined more particularly.
"This inscription is from Takht-i Bahinear (a little N. E. from) Peshawar on the Indus, and begins with the words: Maharajasa" G....pharasa, and means:-"In the 26th year of the great king G....phara, in the Samvat year 100." If, as is most probable, this somewhat longer royal name is identical with that on the coins, we obtain, besides the information that this king reigned at least 26 years, also the date of a year. Samvat means only "era," and would therefore demonstrate nothing, if the Turushkas had not used this identical Samvat-era on their inscriptions in various regions, as well as in the vicinity of the spot where the Gondophares inscription was found. Accordingly Gondophares would fall into the time of, or perhaps even after, the last Turushkaprince Bazodeo whose Samvat years reach as far as 98. In my opinion this is numismatically scarcely possible, because Bazo dê o cannot be very far from the time of the Sassanians while Yndopheres or Gondophares seems to be earlier. If therefore different eras were not used by Gondophares on the one part and the Turushkas on the other, and if the inscription really contains the name of the Gondophares of the coins, where it has 3 letters more, a difficulty presents itself here, the solution of which is referred to Indoinstead of es.
See the inscription published by Dowson in the Jour. R. 1s. Soc. N. 8. vol. VII, p. 376. A photograph is in the Jagor collection of the Berlin Museum.
