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286
THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
stands for the sibilants in general. The real pronunciation of the group was doubtless th or th. In the Khâlsi inscription, the sign t ought, where the etymology requires it, to be regarded simply as another form of +, and the form, which Cunningham regards as the s palatal1 is nothing else than a form parallel and simply equivalent to the (pp. 317-323). I. The Fourteen edicts and the Separate edicts jamâ"1 of Dhauli.
Of the five versions, Dhauli and Jaugada only include the first ten and the fourteenth, but they have in common two edicts, the Separate Edicts of Dhauli. The text of Girnår is by far the most correct; it is on the whole the best preserved, except for part from the Vth, and some very important and greatly-to-be-regretted losses from the XIIIth edicts; it is also that of which we have the most and best revisions, the only one indeed of which our knowledge may now be regarded as complete. It is therefore made the basis of the translations (pp. 327-330).
M. Senart produces the text of Girnår in Pâli type with a transliteration from the facsimiles in the Report of the Archaeological Survey of Western India, vol. II., followed, first by transliterations side by side, of the Dhauli and
Jaugada, and then of the Khâlsi and Kapur-digiri versions, the inexactitude of the transcriptions in the Corpus Inscriptionum rendering it necessary to give them anew.
On each version of each edict there is a full commentary, that on the Girnår one coming first, and embracing all remarks that bear on the other versions in common with it, and those on the others dealing with the details more specially belonging to each.
We can afford space only for the Girnår versions and the translations:
1st Edict.10
(1) Iyam dhammalipî devânampriyena (2) Priyadasinâ râñâ lekhâpitâ[.] idha na kim
15 Corpus Ins vol. I, p. 13; conf. Bühler, Ind. Ant. vol. VI., p. 159, 8. v. vaihge.
16 Prinsep, J. A. S. Ben. vol. VII, (1838), p. 249; Wilson, J. R. As. Soc. vol. XII, p. 157 ff.; Lassen, Ind. Alt. vol. II, p. 226, n. 1; also Jour. Asiat. VII. S. t. XIII, pp. 540-545.
[NOVEMBER, 1880.
(3) chi jivam Arabhitpâ prajuhitavyam1 (4) na cha samâjo1 katavyo [.] bahukam hi dosam
17 Cunningham's fac-simile, plate v. (C) has kahchi. 18 According to Dh. J. and Kh. prajdhitavyah is an error for prajahitavyash, fut. part. pass. of prajahati, which ought to be given up, sacrificed." (p. 836)."
19 Fac-simile C. máje ka.
30 Fac-simile C. "yasi pri.
31 The stone is so injured here that the first syllable of this word is very doubtful. The phrase, separate in the
(5) aamijambi pasati dovknathpriyo Priyadasi råjå [.]
(6) asti pi tu ekachâ samâja sâdhumatâ devânam
(7) priyasa20 Priyadasino râño purâ mahânase
(8) devânampriyasa" Priyadasino râño anudivasam "ba
(9) hûni prâṇasatasahasrâni ârabhisu sûpâthâya [.]
(10) se aja yada ayain dhammalipi likhitâ tî eva prâ.
(11) na ârabhare sûpâthâya dve morâ eko mago so pi
(12) mago na dhuvo"[.] ete pi"' ti prânâ pachâ na ârabhisamre[.].
Translation.
"This edict has been engraved by order of the king Piyadasi, beloved of the Dôvas (on Mount Khepimgala,-Dh. J.). It is disallowed slaughter, and also to make convivial assemblies here below to destroy [wilfully] any life in festins?). For the king Piyadasi, beloved of the Dôvas, sees much evil in convivial assemblies
(?) There have indeed been, approved [by him], more than one convivial assembly (?) formerly in the kitchens of the king Piyadasi, beloved of the Devas, when (the word for when' occurs only in G.), for the table of the king Piyadasi, beloved of the Dêvas, were slain daily hundreds of thousands of living creatures. But at the time when this edict is engraved, three animals only are slain for his table, two peacocks and a deer, and even the deer not regularly. These three animals even will no more be killed henceforth." (p. 347).
Second Edict.25
(1) Sarvata vijitambi devinampriyasa piya
dasino râño.
other versions, is here joined with the following by the conjunction jamd for jama or jamayavat (Hemachandra, ed. Pischel, iv, 406), when' (p. 837).
Fac-simile C.hpiya.
13 Fac-simile C. nudáva.
2 Fac-simile C. pana.
36 C. mato.
36 C. dhivo.
37 C. på.
as This and the Third edict from M. Senart's second article in tom. XV, pp. 479-509. On the Second edict, see Prinsep. u. s. p. 158 ff.; Wilson, t. 3. p. 163 ff.; Kern, Jaar tell. d. suydel. Buddh. p. 89, .
29 C. vipritemhi de 'priya".
