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THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
[DECEMBER, 1880.
6. Michak or Kala was born in Southern India. By Eitel he is called Mikka ka, and in the San-liau-yi-su, Misu cha ka.
7. Vasumitra, who is omitted by Edkins's authority (see ante, p. 149 also). He was president of the synod under Kanishka of Kasmir B.C. 153 (?).
8. Buddhanandi, a native of Northern India.
9. Buddha mitra, converted the king and a Nirgrantha.
10. PÅrsva, 11. Punayaja or Punyaya sa s-the Funa-ya-shi of Wong-puh.
12. As vagosha or Ma-ming, born at Bankras, but tanght chiefly at Pataliputra. In his time the king of the Getae led an army to besiege Påtaliputra, but was bonght off, and got Ma-ming, Buddha's rice-bowl, and a cock that would not drink water having insects in it. The king of the Getae was afterwards attacked by the Parthians but defeated them.
13. Kapim & ra spread the Buddhist religion in Southern India. Remusat (Mél. Asiat. tom. 1, p. 122) calls him Kabimara.
14. Någårjuna or Lung-shu, born of a Brahman family in Southern India (Ind. Ant. vol. IV, p. 141), was one of the most prolific writers of the Mahayana school.
15. Kanade va, a native of South India, murdered by the disciple of an opponent. This is the Aryadeva of other lists (Ind. Ant. vol. IV, p. 142); Lassen calls him Kanadeva, and a Vaibya.
16. Rahulata or Rågurata, a native of Kapila.
17. Sang hanandi of Śrâvasti, the son of a
other languages. He found Western India under the control of king Teda. He afterwards went "to the kingdom of the Indian Gotae, who, retreating westward before the Hiung-nu, B.C. 180, conquered the Panjab and Kasmir in s.p. 126. Manura taught in Western India and Ferghana in the third century A.D. He is the author of the Vibhdsha Sastra." Others place his death in 167 A.D.
23. Haklena or Padmaratna of the country of the Geta e (Yue-ti -Kandahar P); he went to Central India and died 209 A.D.
24 Singhala putra, a native of Central India, the Aryasinha of other accounts (Rému. sat, ut sup. p. 124 ; and Lassen ; see also ante p. 149). He went to Ki-pin (Kábul P) where he was beheaded by the king. Lassen places his death between 240 and 283 A.D. Some terminate the list of great teachers here.
25. B & sia sita or Nasasata, a Brahman and native of Kandahar; he travelled in Central and Southern India, and died A.D. 328.
26. Putnomita or Punya mitra, a Kshattriya of Southern India. He visited Eastern India, and died A.D. 388.
27. Praj atara, a native of Central India, who travelled in the south and instructed Bodhi. dharma the second son of the king. He ascended the funeral pile A.D. 457.
28. Bodhidharma left Southern India for China in A.D. 526, where he died (see ante p. 149).
This last was the founder of the contemplative school in which the distinction of virtue and vice is lost. The teaching of this school, so prevalent in China, says Dr. Edkins, "has failed to produce high morality among its votaries. The mass of the people have gained from Buddhism the notion of a future retribution, but what is the use of this when the promised state beyond death consists merely of a clumsy fiction ! The metempsychosis, administered by a moral fate, has only provided them with a convenient means for charging their sinfulness and their misfortunes on a former life. What virtue the people have among them is due to the Confucian system. Buddhism has added to it only idolatry, and a false view of the future state, but has not contributed to make the people more virtuous" (p. 200). "Though the Buddhists have good precepts they are very much neglected even in the teaching." Its moral code "is feebleness itself compared with the Confucianist."
The educated Chinese despise the popular development of Buddhism, "as consisting of image worship and procuring for money the protection
. The 20th and 21st are omitted by the Fo-tsu-t'ung-ki followed by Dr. Edkins.
king.
18. Sangka ya sheta or Gayasata, a native of northern India. He died B.c. 13; Julien (Mém. sur les. Cont. Occid. tom. II, p. 346) places this B.c. 74.
19. Kumarada or Kumarata, died A.D. 23.
20. Jayata, born in northern India, died 74 A.D."
21. Vasu bhanda, generally made contem. porary with Praditya the son of Vikramaditya (Ind. Ant. vol. IV, p. 142 ff.); he died A. D. 175.
22. Manura or Manorata,-was well skilled in the analysis of alphabetic sounds, and was recommended by a learned Buddhist, named Y aja, to proceed to Western and Southern India to teach Buddhism; and Dr. Edkins thinks he would aid in giving alphabets to the Tamil and
The Fo-tsu-tung-ki, which, to fill up the vacancy, mentions Madhyantika, a disciple of Ananda who converted Khmir.
