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No. 17.1
THE NALANDA OOPPER-PLATE OF DEVAPALADEVA.
313
bo built a lofty and very beautital monastery at Nagapattana, the present port of Negapatara1 and that it was endowed by the Chola king Rajaraja, thus farnishing an exact parallel to the N hands monastery of our plate. This Srivijaya is the same as the Ban-fo-tai of the Chinese Annals and, acoording to M. George Coedes, must be identified with the kingdom of Srivijaya or Palembang, which is a residenvy of Samatra, The Leyden gnat says that Maravijayottangavarmman was the overlord (adhipati) of Srivijaya who, while extending the kingdom of Katkha, caused that monastery to be beilt in the name of his father. Thus on the authority of this invaluable record it becomes clear that, about the end of the 10th century A. 1)., Sumatra was governed by the Sailendra dynasty to which king Wirevijayottuagavarmman or his father Chadēmaņivarmman belonged. That both Sumatra and Java were under the sway of the Sailândras about the ninth century we glean from the Nalanda copper-plate inscription. That they were governed by the same dynasty in the seventh century of the Christian er we learn from the two inscriptions to which I have referred above, In one of the inscriptions engraved on the south wall of the well-known temple at Tanjore we find that Räjóndra-Chola caught a king of Kadaram, named Sangramavijayottungavarmman, and took his vehicles as well as acoumulated treasure. This king of Kadarm in the light of the Leyden grant was, probably, the successor of Maravijayottungaramman, the Snilēndra king of Srivijayı spoken of in it. If the Tanjore inscription is to be trusted-I do not think there is any reason why it should not be we can say thnt RájöndraChota, while capturing the king, sacocoded in conquering the kingdom of Srtvijaya or Palembang. The Leyden platem telts that he confirmed the grant made by his father Rājaräja for the monastery built by the Sailendra king Maravijayottangnvart man or the predecessor of the very ruler whom he caught and dispossessed of heaps of troures. This would lead us to warmise that Sangrāmavijayottungavartman proved refmotory and the Chola King bad to take the extreme step to bring him roand. Here it may be romarked that in the documente, known at present, these Sailandrs or the rulers of Srivijaya aru ZIO where mentioned as the foudatories of the Cholas or other Indian kings. Building convents or pihanas in pre's territory does not necessarily indlonte tratelnge thonghe does show friendship or mutual regard. That the Sailendras founded monasteries in India at Nalandis or elsewhere certainly signifies their being ferpent Beddhists. These viheras, Kilce the one founded at Bodh Gaya by Meghavaron of Ceylon daring the Gupta epoch, gur shelter to their own people w well others. Dévapiladovs was ostatnah Buddhist. He andowed the moonstery, which Bklepatrndërt, the Japanese King, founded Nalanda, at the latter's express request, commanionted to him through s databa or ambasador. But this fact slope RROT imply that the ruler of Jaya was a pausal of the King of Magadhe. Though the capture of the King of Kadiram by Rajendra-Chola in later days indicates rabaision no doubt, yet I think, to show that the Sailendras were really the feadatories of the Cholas, proof is still wanting. Under the existing circumstances what we can safely usume is that the molations of these Kingo wote Mather based on trade and tradic and were of penseful nature.
1 It was probably this structure, which, as the late Mr. Smith has wid in bis Burly History of India, 3rd ed., 466, survived in a ruinous condition until 1867, when the remains of it were palled down by the Jesuit fathen And utilised for the construction of Christian buildings.
The splendid content built by King Möghavangs of Ceylon at Bodb-Gay moat the holy Mdhidruma about the your A. D. 800 with the permission of Battdragapta, the Grant, afforda another hanteoop of this kid. For a brief spcount of it so Smith's Ancient History of India, S od., p. 387
Encyclopædia Britannica, XI ed., Vol. XXVI, p. 73. For mention of Setrijaya In an old Malan bahoription probably of the 7th Century A. D., lately found in Palembang, mo Mh. 8. Yan Rynkeb's potice in the Aota Orienta. wia, Vol. II, Part I, p. 11.
• South Indian Inscriptions, Vol. II, pp. 106 ft.
. The late Mr. Venkayy (4.8. R., 1911-19, P. 176), apparently, youmed that the window wore fondatory o te Che King,
